Biomedical Waste Management (2)

7/27/2019 Biomedical Waste Management (2)

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BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT-

REGULATORY COMPLAINCE &MANAGEMENT OF BMW FACILITIES

Dr LAKSHMI RAGHUPATHYFormer Director, MoE&F

Adviser, Environment Managment


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FAQ BIOMEDICAL WASTES

What is biomedical waste? Is bio-medical was infectious?

Need for mgt of bio-medical wastes

Why segregate?

What does the color code signify? Why use separate containers?

What is the safe method for Sharps disposal?

What is the maximum storage time for BMW?

What is Treatment & Disposal facility?

What are the advantages of Common facility?

How and where to locate facility ?

How to transport BMW to common facility?


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WHAT IS BIOMEDICAL WASTE?

BIOMEDICAL WASTES are wastes, whichare generated during the diagnosis,treatment or immunization of human beings

or animals or in research activitiespertaining thereto or in the production ortesting of biologicals and including

categories mentioned in Schedule 1u Bio-medical wastes are infectious andhazardous - need to be managed carefully


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BIOMEDICAL WASTES

REGULATIONS BIOMEDICAL WASTES (M&H) RULES 1998 - E(P)

ACT 1986 as amended in 2000, 2003

MOE&F- NODAL AGENCY

PRESCRIBED AUTHORITY-IMPLEMENTATIONThese rules provide a system for regulating handling BMW whichincludes collection, segregation at source, norms for packaginglabeling and options for treatment and disposal along with thestandard for treatment technologies.

For proper management & Handling of Bio-Medical Waste.

Applicable to all persons who generate, collect, receive,store, transport, treat, dispose or handle bio-medical wastein any form.


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BIOMEDICAL WASTE HANDLING

(CRADLE TO GRAVE) CHARACTERIZATION

QUANTIFICATION

SEGREGATION

STORAGE

TRANSPORTATION TREATMENT

DISPOSAL


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BIOMEDICAL WASTE CATEGORIES

10 WASTE CATEGORIES CAT1 HUMAN ANATOMICAL

CAT2 ANIMAL

CAT3 MICROBIOLOGY &BIOTECHNOLOGY

CAT4 WASTE SHARPS CAT5 CYTOTOXICDRUGS & DISCARDED MEDICINES

CAT6 SOILDWASTE

CAT7 SOLID WASTE

CAT8 LIQUID WASTE CAT9 INCINERATIONASH

CAT10 CHEMICAL


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SEGREGATION , PACKAGINGTREATMENT & DISPOSAL

CATEGORY WASTE TYPE CONTAINER TREATMENT & DISPOSAL

1. HUMAN ANATOMICAL (Y P) INCINERATION/DEEP BURIAL

2. ANIMAL WASTE (Y,P) INCINEARTION/DEEP BURIAL

3. MICROBIOLOGY (Y,R) AUTOCLAVING/MICROWAVING

& BIOTECH /INCINERATION

4. WASTE SHARPS [B,W] DISINFECTION(CHEM)/AUTOCL/MICRO/SHREDDING

5. DISCARDED MED INCINERATION/DESTRUCTION

& CYTO-Drugs [BLUE] /SECURED LANDFILL

6. SOILED (YELLOW) INCINERATION/AUTOCL/MICROWAVING

7. SOLID [R,B,W] CHEM.DISINFEC/AUTOCL/MICROWAV/

(DISPOSABLES) SHREDDING

8. LIQUID CHEM DISINFEC & DISCHARGE INTODRAINS

9. INCINERATION ASH [Bl] MUNICIPAL LAND FILLS

10. CHEMICAL [Bl] CHEM TREATMENT DRAINS/ LANDFILL


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BIOMEDICAL WASTES

REGULATIONS WASTE CAT 1,2,3 & 6 - YELLOW - PLASTIC BAGS

INCINERATION & BURIEL

WASTE CAT 3,6 & 7 - RED-DISINFEC CONT &

PLASTIC BAGS

- CHEMICAL DIS. AUTOCL, MICRO.

CAT4 & 7 - BLUE /WHITE/TRANS-PLASTIC BAGS- -

- CHEMCIAL ,SHREDDING, AUTOCL,

MICRO,

CAT5,9 &10 - BLACK-PLASTIC BAG

- SECURED LANDFILL


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COMPLIANCE STATUS

Comprehensive Rules but poor compliancethere are many aspects in the rules thatrequired to be complied with

u Authorisation not completed in many statesu Storage provisions have not provided in most of

the heath care institutions

u Dedicated vehicles for transportation of

biomedical wastes are not provided in manystates

u Treatment disposal facilities have been set upbut not achieving prescribed Standards


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BIO-MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT

Steps taken by the States/UTs: Inventorization of all bio-medical waste

generators - hospitals, nursing homes, clinics etc. Ensure that hospitals seek authorisation.

Action against violation of the rules

Facilitate Creation of Common Treatment and

Disposal Facilities for Biomedical Waste.


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Bio-Medical Waste (Management& Handling) Rules,1998

As per Rule 8 , Every Occupier of an institutiongenerating, collecting, receiving, storing,transporting, treating, disposing and /or

handling bio-medical waste in any other manner,except such occupier of clinics, dispensaries,pathological laboratories, blood banks providingtreatment / service to less than 1000 (onethousand) patients per month, shall make an

application in Form I to the prescribedauthority (DPCC) for grant of authorization.


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DEADLINES FOR SETTING UPBIOMEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT

FACILITIESu According to BMW Rules 1998 deadline for

setting up of treatment facilities:

Metros with population >30 lakhs -30.06.2000

Cities with population < 30 lakhs Hospitals and Nursing Homes >500 beds -30.06.2000

Hospitals and Nursing Homes 200-500 beds -31.12.2000

Hospitals and Nursing Homes 50-200 beds -31.12.2001

Hospitals and Nursing Homes


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Operators of Common BMWTreatment Facilities in Delhi

(CBMWTF) DPCC has authorized 2 Operators to create

Common BMW Treatment Facilities in Delhi 1. M/s Metro Bio- Care Waste Management

Pvt. Ltd., 55, Railway Road, SamaipurIndustrial Area, Delhi -42. 2. M/s Synergy Waste Management Pvt. Ltd,

Near Okhla STP, Sukhdev Vihar, Okhla, Delhi -20.

Both the Operators have been authorized forcollection of BMW from the Health Care Unitsin Delhi, for transportation of collected wasteto the Common treatment site & for thetreatment as per BMW Rules.


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COMMON BMW FACILITIES

Facilties : Total - 157- Operation- 149STATE FACILITIES STATE FACILITIES

AP 11 KARNATK 11

ASSAM 2 KERALA 1

BIHAR 3 MAHARSTR 34

CHANDGRH 1 MP 17

CHTTSGRH 5 MEGHALYA 1

DDNH 1 ORISSA 2

DELHI 2 PUNJAB 4

GUJARAT 12 RAJAST 6

HARYANA 3 TN 11

HP 2 UTTRACHL 2

J&K 2 UP 20

JHARKND 1 WB 4


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OPTIMIZATION OF BIO-MEDICALWASTE MANAGEMENT

Large health care units to have a treatmentdisposal facility of their own

Large units with spare capacity in their to beshared with smaller units

Treatment facilities to accept waste form smallwaste generators .

Common Treatment Disposal Facilities under PPP.

Local medical association to assist in cooperative

ventures. State Govts. & municipal bodies to join hands

Sites allotted for common incineration facilities

Treated bio-medical wastes to be picked up by municipalbodies.


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NEWER APPROACHES FOR BMWMANAGEMENT

Effective collection system to be putin place within and outside healthcare units

Ensure proper segregation andpackaging

Pollution prevention thru EST

Waste reduction

Use of safe substitutes forhazardous subs in use


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NEWER TECHNOLOGIES

NEWER TECHNOLOGIES TO BEADOPTED FOR BMW

NON INCINERATION TECHNOLOGY[AUTOCLAVING & HYDROCLAVING &MICROWAVING]

USE OF REUSABLES WHERE POSSIBLE

INSTEAD OF DISPOSABLESSAFE SUBSTITUTES FOR MERCURY

MODERNIZATION OF THE OPERATING

PLANTS


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REQUIEMENTS FOR BIOMEDICALWASTES MGT

Facilitating the process of BMW Mgt

Precautionary principles & preventive approach

Training & awareness programmes Appropriate qualification & training

Allocation of responsibilities

Providing infrastructure and equipments

Budget allocation Co-ordination and cooperation with other

institutions


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ISSUES ON BIOMEDICAL WASTESMANAGEMENT

ISSUES Adequate attention not given

Indiscriminate Disposal

Segregation Lacking

Unscruplus Recycling

No Treatment & Disposal Facility

No Training Awareness

Monitoring Mechanisms Lacking

Lack of infrastructure in hospitals to tackle the problem

of bio-medical wastes. Inadequate/NIL allocation of funds.

Lack of training for nurses and other para-medical staff.

Absence of personal protective gears like gloves etc.,while segregating and transporting wastes.


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ACTION POINTS

SOLUTIONS Follow regulations Use re-usables Prescribe safe recycling Waste minimization

Integral part of hospital management system Awareness & education Management monitoring mechanisms Penalty & punishments Utilisation of spare capacity of existing incinerators and

other facilities in the hospitals by small units. Also

utilisation of incinerators in the private sector industriesfor treatment of Hospitals Wastes.. Inclusion of Biomedical waste management as a part of

medical curriculum


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Thank You

Biomedical Waste Management (2)

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