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Biomaterial– a substance other than medicament manufactured from natural or synthetic components which is intended to substitute organ or
tissue or part of it to take over its function.
Źródło: Kay C Dee, David A. Puleo, Rena Bizios: An introduction to tissue-biomaterial interactions, John Wiley and Sons, New Jersey, 2002Źródło: Kay C Dee, David A. Puleo, Rena Bizios: An introduction to tissue-biomaterial interactions, John Wiley and Sons, New Jersey, 2002
BIOMATERIALSJ. Dutkiewicz
Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Polish Academy of Sciences
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Biomaterials industry
year 19874,7 mld $
Year 200211,7 mld $
Ceramics 2,8 %
Ceramics 2,9 %
Metals44,5 %
Metals29,9 %
Polymers47,1 %
Polymers42,8 %
Natural materials5,7 %
Materials Natural6,3 %
Composites 0,0 %
Composites 18 %
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Corrosion resistence w zależności in relation of tissue reaction for various materials
Pola
rizati
on re
sist
ence
(Ω/c
m2)
Biotolerance3
4
7
5
9
6
8
Neutral
Stopy Ti
Toxic
Safe only for certain period
Stal AISI 316L
CoCrNiMo
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Kość i zastąpienie kości
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steels Cr-Ni-Mo
alloys Co-Cr-Mo, Co-Ni-Cr-Mo, Co-Cr-Ni-Mo-Fe
Ti i jego stopy: Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-(4-9)Nb,
Ti-6Al-(3-6)Nb-(1-6)Ta, Ti-12Mo-6Zr-2Fe, Ti-15Mo-3Nb,
Ti-15Mo-5Zr-3Al, Ti-Zr-4Nb-2Ta-0,2Pd,
Ti-15Sn-4Nb-2Ta-0,2Pd, Ti-13Nb-13Zr,
Ni-Ti shape memory alloys
alloys Nb i Ta
Noble metals Au, Ag, Pd
Metallic Biomaterials in reconstruction surgery
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Płytki szyjnePłytki szyjne
Płytka ramienna blokowanaPłytka ramienna blokowana
Płytka rekonstrukcyjna blokowanaPłytka rekonstrukcyjna blokowana
Examles of application of titanium in surgery
Mechanical poroperties of titaniumMechanical poroperties of titanium
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Examples of application of Ti6Al4V in surgery
Śruby transpedikularne do stabilizacji kręgosłupa
Śruby transpedikularne do stabilizacji kręgosłupa Implanty zastępujące kręgi Implanty zastępujące kręgi
Implanty zastępujące krążki międzykręgowe „Cage”
Implanty zastępujące krążki międzykręgowe „Cage”
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X-ray image of back bone with avisible shift of vertebras , causing oppress on nerves and pain of the pacient.. Operation is based on stiffening of vertebras with titanium support constructiion regulating distance of vertebras eliminating oppression of nerves.
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Dental Implants & SuperstructuresCoated / uncoated
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Nitinol
• NIckel-TItanium-
at composition 50 :50 with a possible application of superelasticity in dental orthodontic medicine
Predetermined
Shape of matrix
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Orthodontic Applications
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“Stents”
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Monolitic ceramics base on Al2O3
-Al2O3:
• bioneutral material
• minimal chemical changes in contact with tissue and organism fluids
• brittless and low toughness
(improvement possible by additions of 1 m; ZrO2 [4])
Bioneutral ceramic materials
In stomatological practice
Typical bioceramic elements: alumina dental implants of cerasiv GmbH
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Compomers"Dyract® AP offers the restorative
potential to fulfil most applications of traditional glass ionomer restorative
and composite resins .. "
http://www.dentsply.co.uk/articles/018.htm
cavities
etchadhesive
compomer placed
setting
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:
bioglasses sodium-calcium (Na2O-CaO-SiO2-P2O5) [8]
sintered hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) [9,10]
-calcium phosphite(Ca3(PO4)2) [11]
two phase ceramic hydroksyapatite-calcium phosphate
crystalline oxyfluoroapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(O,F2)
vollastonite (CaO.SiO2) in a glass matrixMgO-CaO-SiO2 [13]
Due to a poor mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite, most popular are layers on ceramic or metallic substratres
Bio-active ceramic materials
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Apatite
Ca5X(PO4)3
X = F, Cl, OH hexagonal, rod like crystals,
Colour: colorless, sometimes yellow, blue, red
shiny
Rysa: biała
Hardness : 5,0 – in Mohs scale
density: 3,16 - 3,22 g cm-3
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Root Canal Sealers
Materials from cements to resins have been used
Cytotoxic & tissue irritating potency:• Zinc oxide – eugenol in longest use• Epoxy resin based• Sealers containing a small % of
paraformaldehyde to kill bacteria & fixremaining pulp tissue.
Biocompatible alternatives:4) Calcium hydroxide based to promote
tissue repair at the apex.5) Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)
biocompatible antiseptic non-soluble adhesive slow setting radiopaque dimensionally stable removable if required achieves a good seal