Biomass and carbon stock Biomass and carbon stock changes in regenerating changes in regenerating

forests under JFM forests under JFM

Dr. P. SudhaDr. P. Sudha

Centre for Ecological SciencesCentre for Ecological Sciences

Indian Institute of ScienceIndian Institute of Science

Bangalore – 560 012Bangalore – 560 012

CDMCDM Non Annex I countries in achieving sustainable Non Annex I countries in achieving sustainable

development development Annex I countries in achieving compliance with Annex I countries in achieving compliance with

their quantified emission limitationtheir quantified emission limitation JFM JFM

Participatory approach to Forest ManagementParticipatory approach to Forest Management Benefits to accrue to the communitiesBenefits to accrue to the communities Appropriate institutional and financial Appropriate institutional and financial

mechanismsmechanisms CFMCFM

Self initiated forest protection committeesSelf initiated forest protection committees

Spread of JFMSpread of JFM JFM in 23 states of IndiaJFM in 23 states of India Over 62,894 Village Forest Committees formedOver 62,894 Village Forest Committees formed 14 million ha of JFM area.14 million ha of JFM area. Afforestation/Reforestation in degraded forestAfforestation/Reforestation in degraded forest Funded through central, state and external agenciesFunded through central, state and external agencies

Future Plans for JFMFuture Plans for JFM GoI plans to cover nearly 1,73,000 forest fringe villages GoI plans to cover nearly 1,73,000 forest fringe villages Target for greening programmeTarget for greening programme

15 Mha of degraded forest - JFM15 Mha of degraded forest - JFM 10 Mha of irrigated area - commercial agroforestry10 Mha of irrigated area - commercial agroforestry 18 Mha of rainfed area - subsistence agroforestry18 Mha of rainfed area - subsistence agroforestry Rs 4800 crores annually; existing Rs. 1615 croresRs 4800 crores annually; existing Rs. 1615 crores

Potential area available for reforestation Potential area available for reforestation and afforestationand afforestation

Authors/SourcesAuthors/Sources NRSA NRSA Ministry of AgricultureMinistry of Agriculture Chambers et alChambers et al KapoorKapoor Planning CommissionPlanning Commission

Land Available for PlantingLand Available for Planting 65.45 Mha65.45 Mha 66 Mha66 Mha 84 Mha 84 Mha 106 Mha106 Mha 130 Mha130 Mha

Methods for estimating C Methods for estimating C sequestrationsequestration

COMAP ModelCOMAP Model Annual and cumulative carbon stock changesAnnual and cumulative carbon stock changes Incremental carbon stockIncremental carbon stock Total C stock per haTotal C stock per ha Cost-Effectiveness; Cost-Effectiveness;

Investment cost; Rs/tC or Rs/haInvestment cost; Rs/tC or Rs/ha Life cycle cost; Rs/tC or Rs/haLife cycle cost; Rs/tC or Rs/ha Net present value of returns; Rs/tCNet present value of returns; Rs/tC

Calculation methodCalculation method Area under JFMArea under JFM Annual Above Ground Biomass Growth RatesAnnual Above Ground Biomass Growth Rates Financial value of carbon credit at Rs 500/tCFinancial value of carbon credit at Rs 500/tC Total Mitigation PotentialTotal Mitigation Potential Financial PotentialFinancial Potential

Location and RegionLocation and Region A & R ActivityA & R Activity

Annual C Annual C sequestration sequestration

potential/yrpotential/yr Total tC/yrTotal tC/yr

Kaluasar, WBKaluasar, WB Sal regeneratingSal regenerating 2.72.7 240240

Kharikamathani, WBKharikamathani, WB Sal regeneratingSal regenerating 1.11.1 6262

Uthannayagram, WBUthannayagram, WB Sal regeneratingSal regenerating 2.92.9 16051605

Kapasgaria, WBKapasgaria, WB Sal regeneratingSal regenerating 1.81.8 4444

Bhagawatichowk, WBBhagawatichowk, WB Sal regeneratingSal regenerating 1.71.7 9090

Kunbar, GujaratKunbar, Gujarat Regenerating teakRegenerating teak 0.90.9 170170

Rampur, GujaratRampur, Gujarat Regenerating teakRegenerating teak 1.01.0 119119

Garda, GujaratGarda, Gujarat Regenerating teakRegenerating teak 0.80.8 8383

C sequestration potentialC sequestration potential

Location and RegionLocation and Region A & R ActivityA & R Activity

Annual C Annual C sequestration sequestration

potential/yrpotential/yrTotal Total tC/yrtC/yr

Bada Bhilwara, RajasthanBada Bhilwara, Rajasthan DeciduousDeciduous 2.02.0 12001200

Alalli, KarnatakaAlalli, Karnataka EvergreenEvergreen 2.02.0 147147

Hunasur, KarnatakaHunasur, Karnataka EvergreenEvergreen 3.83.8 453453

Kugwe, KarnatakaKugwe, Karnataka EvergreenEvergreen 3.03.0 580580

Halakar, KarnatakaHalakar, Karnataka EvergreenEvergreen 1.71.7 3434

Kutling, OrissaKutling, Orissa Regenerating SalRegenerating Sal 1.41.4 357357

Nabra, OrissaNabra, Orissa Regenerating SalRegenerating Sal 1.11.1 5454

Gadabanikilo, OrissaGadabanikilo, Orissa Regenerating SalRegenerating Sal 2.62.6 158158

Asundariya, GujaratAsundariya, Gujarat Regenerating Teak Regenerating Teak 2.12.1 374374

Baluji Na Muvada, GujaratBaluji Na Muvada, Gujarat DeciduousDeciduous 4.94.9 595595

Dabbar, J&KDabbar, J&K PinePine 1.31.3 6565

Johnu, J&KJohnu, J&K PinePine 1.01.0 1010

Ritti, J&KRitti, J&K PinePine 0.80.8 1616

Financial PotentialFinancial Potential

Location and RegionLocation and Region Total tC/yrTotal tC/yr Financial valueFinancial value

Financial Financial value value

(Rs/HH/yr)(Rs/HH/yr)

Kaluasar, WBKaluasar, WB 240240 119925119925 18451845

Kharikamathani, WBKharikamathani, WB 6262 3106531065 485485

Uthannayagram, WBUthannayagram, WB 16051605 802620802620 1605216052

Kapasgaria, WBKapasgaria, WB 4444 2206222062 368368

Bhagawatichowk, WBBhagawatichowk, WB 9090 4478544785 10661066

Kunbar, GujaratKunbar, Gujarat 170170 8507085070 516516

Rampur, GujaratRampur, Gujarat 119119 5970059700 10851085

Garda, GujaratGarda, Gujarat 8383 4150041500 9696

Location and RegionLocation and Region Total tC/yrTotal tC/yr Financial valueFinancial value

Financial Financial value value

(Rs/HH/yr)(Rs/HH/yr)

Bada Bhilwara, RajasthanBada Bhilwara, Rajasthan 12001200 599760599760 42244224

Alalli, KarnatakaAlalli, Karnataka 147147 7354873548 645645

Hunasur, KarnatakaHunasur, Karnataka 453453 226500226500 16061606

Kugwe, KarnatakaKugwe, Karnataka 580580 290030290030 15851585

Halakar, KarnatakaHalakar, Karnataka 3434 1690016900 147147

Kutling, OrissaKutling, Orissa 357357 178560178560 484484

Nabra, OrissaNabra, Orissa 5454 2712027120 5757

Gadabanikilo, OrissaGadabanikilo, Orissa 158158 7875078750 551551

Asundariya, GujaratAsundariya, Gujarat 374374 187005187005 12811281

Baluji Na Muvada, GujaratBaluji Na Muvada, Gujarat 595595 297375297375 21242124

Dabbar, J&KDabbar, J&K 6565 3225032250 21502150

Johnu, J&KJohnu, J&K 1010 51755175 8383

Ritti, J&KRitti, J&K 1616 82008200 5555

Other issues to be addressedOther issues to be addressed

Larger Carbon benefitsLarger Carbon benefits Other Carbon poolsOther Carbon pools

SoilSoil LitterLitter Below ground biomassBelow ground biomass

Inclusion of baseline estimationsInclusion of baseline estimations

Baseline and Additionality Baseline and Additionality IssuesIssues

Mean area afforested/reforested is 1.5 Mha Mean area afforested/reforested is 1.5 Mha under various programmesunder various programmes

Area brought under JFM 14 MhaArea brought under JFM 14 Mha Additionality??? Additionality??? Leakage??Leakage?? Uncertainties??Uncertainties?? Socio-economicSocio-economic Environmental impactsEnvironmental impacts