Name:___________________Exam Date:_______________

Biology-HonorsMid-Term Review

Body Systems

1. Match the body system to the purpose listed below:

A. Circulatory System E. Endocrine SystemB. Digestive System F. Muscular SystemC. Excretory System G. Skeletal SystemD. Nervous System H. Vascular Tissue (not a system….)

______ Involved in the transport of materials within plants.

______ System responsible for the production of hormones to help maintain homeostasis

______ System involved in the delivery of oxygen to major organs of the human body

______ Removes metabolic waste products.

______ System for structure and support

______ System that helps organisms to respond to stimuli. Works with all other body systems.

______ System that transports hormones throughout the body.

______ Responsible for movement of an organism. Works with the skeletal system.

______ Breaks down food.

______ Send messages using neurotransmitters.

2. What is the purpose of vascular tissue in plants? What system is this similar two in animals?

Scientific Method/Processes of Science

3. What is Bias?

4. State whether the following statements are Bias or Unbiased.

a) Making the results of an experiment please the company funding the research.

b) A company hiring an outside research lab to investigate the harmful side effects of a new drug.

c) Running a “double-blind” experiment where neither the researcher nor patient knows if they are getting the drug being tested.

d) Using data that only support the hypothesis while throwing all other data out.

e) Being told the outcome of a lab experiment before doing the activity.

f) Being open minded and honest while running a controlled experiment.

5. Scientists use controlled experiments to test a hypothesis. Why must all good experiments have a CONTROL?

6. State the difference between a control and a constant.

7. Identify the Independent variables, Dependent variables, and Control in the following examples.

a) If plants are given different intensities of light, then they will grow tallest with the highest intensity of light.

b) Does pH affect the rate of enzyme action?

8. What are the necessary components (parts) that must be included in every graph?

9. Using the examples from Question 7, set-up the graphs below. (Be sure to include all necessary parts!)

a) b)

10. Draw and label the pH scale:

11. You are conducting an experiment to determine the effect of pH on plant growth. In the wild, plants typically grow best in soils with a neutral pH.

a) What is the research question you are trying to answer?

b) Make a hypothesis:

c) What is the independent variable?___________________________________

d) What is the dependent variable?____________________________________

e) What is the control group?_________________________________________

f) What is the experimental group(s)? ______________________________________________

g) What factors should be kept constant?____________________________________________

h) Set-up a data table and graph (without data), including all necessary titles, labels, units, etc.

Water and Biomolecules:

12. Describe the characteristics of water listed below.

a) Polarity:

b) Density = mass/volume

c) Universal Solvent

13. Label the cell membrane below and answerer the questions.

a) What is the purpose of the cell membrane?

b) What is the main organic molecule that composes the cell membrane?

c) Draw one Phospholipid—label the polar and nonpolar end. Which part would attract water?

14. Complete the data table below:

Organic Molecule Building Block Function Organelle involved

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Nucleic Acids

15. Draw a line to match the vitamin to the function:

a) Vitamin A Heals wounds

b) Vitamin C Bone Development

c) Vitamin D Blood Clotting

d) Vitamin K Eye Sight

Enzymes

16. Catalase is an enzyme………..

a) Enzymes are what type of molecule?

b) Enzymes _____________________ chemical reactions

c) What does “reaction rate” refer to?

d) Draw and label a graph to show how temperature affects enzyme action.

e) Draw and label a graph to show how pH affects enzyme action rates.

f) Explain how enzymes and substrates work. Does the enzyme change? Does the substrate change?

g) What happens to an enzyme if it gets too hot?

Transport: 17. Give two examples of Passive Transport. How do molecules move during Passive Transport?

18. When water moves from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration without the need for energy, it is called:

19. When sugar molecules move from an area of high concentration to low concentration with out the use of energy, it is called:

20. What would you expect to happen to the sugar molecules in the diagram below? What is this process called?

21. A freshwater unicellular organism, shown to the right, was placed in salt water.

a. Draw arrows to show the overall movement of water.

b. What would happen to the size of the organims?

c. What process(es) are taking place in this situation?

Cells:

22. State the difference between the following:

a) Prokaryotic Cells vs. Eukaryotic Cells

b) Plant Cells vs. Animal Cells

23. What two things are found in Plant cells but not animal cells? State the purpose of each.

24. Draw and label a unicellular organism using the following for movement.

a) Flagella

b) Cilia

c) Pseudopodia

25. Match the organelle to the function listed below:

A. Cell Wall D. MitochondriaB. Cell Membrane E. RibosomesC. Chloroplast F. Nucleus

______ Composed of lipids

______ Releases the energy stored in glucose

______ Captures the sun’s energy to make glucose

______ Stores Genetic information

______ Regulates the passage of materials into and out of the cell

______ Would prevent a cell from bursting if placed into distilled or pure water.

______ Makes proteins

______ Site of Photosynthesis

______ Site of Cell Respiration

______ Made out of cellulose (a carbohydrate)

Processes:26. Compare the following:

a) Cell respiration vs. Photosynthesis

b) Aerobic Respiration vs. Anaerobic Respiration

c) ATP vs. ADP

d) Chloroplast vs. Mitochondria

27. Fill in the following using energy vocabulary

ATP (usable energy) Light Energy Glucose ( chemical energy)

____________________ Photosynthesis _______________________ Cellular Respiration________________________

28. What is your body’s usable energy source? How is that energy released?

29. Match the process to the correct statement below:

A. Photosynthesis D. ChemosynthesisB. Osmosis E. DiffusionC. Anaerobic Respiration F. Aerobic RespirationG. Homeostasis/Feedback Loops

_______ movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane

_______ Uses CO2 and H2O to synthesize glucose

_______ Uses O2 to release the energy found in glucose

_______ May result in a muscle cramp due to the build up of Lactic Acid

_______ Uses the Proteins embedded in the cell membrane for sugar to move from an area of high concentration to low concentration.

_______ Takes place in the mitochondria

_______ Produces food from using energy from inorganic molecules

_______ Makes 2 ATP molecules in the absence of oxygen

_______ Fermentation

_______ The use of insulin to regulate blood sugar levels

_______ Stored energy in glucose is transferred into usable energy (ATP).

_______ Takes place in the chloroplast

_______ Maintaining body temperature

30. Draw the carbon cycle using the words below. In your cycle indicate the matter by underlining the words and the energy by circling the word.

Oxygen Usable energyCarbon dioxide Light EnergyGlucose (sugar) Chemical energy

ATP PhotosynthesisCellular Respiration

31. The Carbon Cycle delivers what to the ecosystem?

32. Write the chemical equation for Photosynthesis: What are the reactants? What are the Products? What could cause the decrease in the rate of photosynthesis?

33. Write the chemical equation for Cellular respiration. What are the reactants? What are the products?

Picture This: What is going on in each of the pictures?

34.

(Continued: What is going on in each of the pictures?)

35.

36.

37. What process is taking place in each of the 4 test tubes? What gas is being produced?

Test Tube 1_____________________________

Test Tube 2_____________________________

Test Tube 3_____________________________

Test Tube 4______________________________

38. What processes are taking place in each of the the pictures below?

39. What process is taking place in letter X?

40. Answer the questions asked for each image.

Describe each cell, include major organs and functions.Cell 1-

Cell 2-

Cell 3-

Cell 4-

____________________ ____________________ _____________________

Put these protist in order from biggest to smallest? How do you know?

The arrows show what process is occuring in this organism?

What is the purpose of this feedback loop?

What could you write to replace the letter X above? (Hint: Think about the importance of the other bubbles, what is the purpose.)

Time for a Little Math:41. Using the conversion below answer the following questions in scientific notation:

1 millimeter = 1000 micrometers

8 micrometers = 0.008 millimeters = 8x10 -3 millimeters

6 micrometers= ___________________ millimeters = ___________________ millimeters

5 micrometers = __________________ millimeters = ___________________ millimeters

What is this structure?

What cellular process occurs within it?

What is its function?

What is that tail like structure called?

What type of organism is this?