Biology Review. Cell Structure and Function Review 1. Cell specialization means that cells in an...

Biology Review

Cell Structure and Function Review

1. Cell specialization means that cells in an organism are uniquely suited toa)carry on reproduction.b)respond to changing conditions.c)react with the environment.d)perform a specific function.


2. Which organisms are composed of cells that do not contain nuclei?a)eukaryotesb)prokaryotesc)animalsd)plants


3. Which two organelles occur in plant cells but not animal cells?a)nuclear envelopes and nucleib)cell membranes and chromosomesc)cell walls and chloroplastsd)ribosomes and chloroplasts


4. Of the following, the term that includes all the others isa)nucleolus.b)nuclear envelope.c)nucleus.d)chromosome.


5. If a more concentrated salt solution is on one side of a membrane and a less concentrated salt solution is on the other side, water molecules tend to pass through the membranea)from the less concentrated to the more concentrated solution.b)from the more concentrated to the less concentrated solution.c)equally in both directions.d)until the cell membrane is broken down.


6. All of the following are types of tissues EXCEPTa)muscle.b)fat.c)stomach.d)blood.


8. All cells contain aa)cell wall.b)cell membrane.c)nucleus.d)mitochondrion.


9. Which of the following statements about the cell membrane is CORRECT?a)It prevents the exit of all materials from the cell.b)It has a rigid structure composed of cellulose.c)It is a two-layered structure composed of lipids and proteins.d)It is a fluid-filled organelle that surrounds the nucleolus.

Photosynthesis Review

1. Chlorophyll is important in thea)formation of carbon dioxide.b)reactions of the Calvin cycle.c)formation of ADP from NADP+.d)absorption of light energy.


2. The reactants of photosynthesis area)CO2 and H2O.

b)CO2 and H2.

c)C and O2.

d)C and H2.


3. The major products of the light-dependent reactions area)ATP and NADPH.b)oxygen and water.c)carbon dioxide and water.d)ATP and sugars.


5. The release of energy in an organism depends on the conversion ofa)AMP to ADP.b)ADP to ATP.c)ATP to ADP.d)ATP to AZP.


6. All of the following are true about the thylakoid membrane EXCEPT that ita)is the site of chlorophyll molecules.b)contains photosystems I and II.c)is the site of the Calvin cycle.d)is composed of lipids and proteins.


7. At the end of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis, high-energy electrons are passed toa)NADPH.b)NADP+.c)ATP.d)AMP.


8. The synthesis and breakdown of ATP within the cells is controlled bya)active transport.b)the cell membrane.c)the nucleus.d)enzymes.


10. During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is used to make sugars in thea)thylakoids.b)Calvin cycle.c)light-dependent reactions.d)Electron transport chain.

Respiration Review

1. In the Krebs cycle,a)glucose is broken down into CO2 and H2O.

b)ATP is broken down into ADP and AMP.c)CO2 is converted into pyruvic acid.

d)pyruvic acid is broken down into CO2 and H2O.

Respiration Review

2. Cellular respiration benefits organisms bya)forming carbon dioxide.b)breaking down glucose.c)transferring energy to ATP.d)consuming oxygen.

Respiration Review

3. The most important product of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration isa)ATP.b)NADH.c)ADP.d)NAD+.

Respiration Review

4. The first set of reactions in cellular respiration isa)the Calvin cycle.b)the Krebs cycle.c)electron transport.d)glycolysis.

Respiration Review

5. Which compounds are produced by the two main types of fermentation?a)NAD+ or ATPb)alcohol or lactic acidc)glucose or carbon dioxided)ADP or ATP

Respiration Review

6. In cellular respiration, the final electron acceptor isa)carbon dioxide.b)oxygen.c)water.d)ATP.

Respiration Review

7. The energy that is released during cellular respiration is stored asa)ATP and NADH.b)ATP and NAD+.c)ADP and NADH.d)ADP and NAD+.

Respiration Review

8. In glycolysis, each glucose molecule is broken down intoa)six molecules of carbon dioxide.b)four molecules of ATP.c)two molecules of pyruvic acid.d)two molecules of ATP.

Respiration Review

9. Each of the following processes releases energy from glucose EXCEPTa)photosynthesis.b)glycolysis.c)cellular respiration.d)fermentation.

Cell Growth and Division Review

1. In the cell cycle, DNA replication occurs during thea)S phase.b)G1 phase.

c)G2 phase.

d)M phase.


2. In mitosis, sister chromatids separate duringa)metaphase.b)prophase.c)anaphase.d)telophase.


5. Chromosomes are made up ofa)nuclear RNA.b)DNA and protein.c)protein.d)DNA.


6. At the end of mitosis, each daughter cell hasa)the same number and kinds of chromosomes as in the parent cell.b)the same number but different kinds of chromosomes as in the parent cell.c)twice the number of chromosomes as in the parent cell.d)half the number of chromosomes as in the parent cell.


7. In mitosis, each of the following is correct EXCEPT that thea)spindle forms during telophase.b)nucleolus disappears during prophase.c)chromosomes line up across the equator during metaphase.d)sister chromatids become separate chromosomes during anaphase.


8. Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control theira)size.b)weight.c)mass.d)growth.


9. As a cell grows larger, its volume increasesa)at the same rate as its surface area.b)more slowly than its surface area.c)more quickly than its surface area.d)with no relationship to surface area.


10. The rate at which waste products are produced by a cell depends on itsa)weight.b)mass.c)volume.d)surface area.

Heredity Review

1. Offspring produced by crossing parents that have different characteristics are calleda)alleles.b)F2.

c)homologs.d)hybrids.

Heredity Review

2. A Punnett square is used to determine thea)result of meiosis I.b)result of segregation.c)probable outcome of a cross.d)actual outcome of a cross.

Heredity Review

3. The probability that an event will occur in a certain number of trials is calculated by dividing the number of times the event occurs by thea)number of times the event is expected to occur.b)number of times the event occurred previously.c)number of times the event does not occur.d)number of trials when the event could occur.

Heredity Review

4. Meiosis producesa)two genetically identical haploid cells.b)four genetically identical haploid bodies.c)four genetically different diploid cells.d)four genetically different haploid cells.

Heredity Review

5. What assorts independently during meiosis?a)chromosomesb)genesc)allelesd)phenotypes

Heredity Review

6. If a hybrid has a phenotype that is midway between the phenotypes of its true-breeding parents, the trait being studied is probably controlled bya)incompletely dominant alleles.b)codominant alleles.c)multiple alleles.d)linked genes.

Heredity Review

7. An important function of meiosis is toa)increase the diploid chromosome number of a species.b)maintain the diploid chromosome number of a species.c)increase the number of dominant alleles.d)increase the number of recessive alleles.

Heredity Review

8. The genetic makeup of an individual is itsa)genotype.b)phenotype.c)F1.

d)F2.

Heredity Review

9. In guinea pigs, black color is dominant. When two hybrid black guinea pigs are crossed, the probability of producing a white guinea pig isa)1/2.b)1/4.c)1/3.d)3/4.

Heredity Review

10. The effects of a dominant allele are seena)only if both alleles are dominant.b)only if the other allele is recessive.c)regardless of the other allele.d)only in female offspring.

DNA Review

1. If one strand of DNA has the sequence of nitrogenous bases AACTG, its complementary strand has the sequencea)TTGAC.b)AACTG.c)UUBAC.d)AACUC.

DNA Review

3. Transfer RNA is important ina)synthesizing RNA codons.b)assembling ribosomes.c)transporting messenger RNA.d)adding amino acids to a polypeptide.

DNA Review

4. A frameshift mutation usually produces aa)change in the structure of ribosomal RNA.b)more drastic change than a point mutation.c)change in the appearance of a chromosome.d)new segment of DNA in several genes.

DNA Review

5. The DNA that results from replication consists ofa)one molecule with two new strands and one molecule with the two original strands.b)two molecules that each contain one new strand and one original strand.c)two molecules composed of new strands.d)two molecules composed of old strands.

DNA Review

6. The information that directs protein synthesis is contained in DNA'sa)sugars.b)phosphate groups.c)nitrogenous bases.d)enzymes.

DNA Review

7. The Hershey-Chase experiments on bacteriophages showed that the genetic information is carried ina)proteins.b)bacteria.c)DNA.d)RNA.

DNA Review

8. A single strand of DNA acts as a template fora)RNA.b)cytoplasmic DNA.c)nuclear DNA.d)ribosomes.

DNA Review

9. Proteins that bind to DNA regulate gene expression ina)eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes.b)prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes.c)neither eukaryotes nor prokaryotes.d)both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

DNA Review

10. All nucleotides contain each of the following EXCEPT aa)protein.b)nitrogenous base.c)sugar.d)phosphate group.

Evolution Review

1. Most genetic variation is due toa)mutation and natural selection.b)mutation and genetic shuffling.c)artificial selection and natural selection.d)founder effects and sexual recombination.

Evolution Review

2. A change in climate that makes the environment drier is likely to result ina)disruptive selection.b)directional selection.c)artificial selection.d)stabilizing selection.

Evolution Review

3. A population that satisfies the conditions of the Hardy-Weinberg principle will experiencea)directional selection.b)stabilizing selection.c)a founder effect.d)no natural selection.

Evolution Review

4. Speciation cannot take place withouta)homologous structures.b)disruptive selection.c)geographic isolation.d)reproductive isolation.

Evolution Review

5. The likely effect of natural selection on a single-gene trait isa)selection by genetic drift.b)genetic equilibrium.c)reproductive isolation.d)a change in allele frequencies.

Evolution Review

6. Which of the following is LEAST likely to affect genetic equilibrium?a)migrationb)selective matingc)population sized)mutation

Evolution Review

7. Natural selection operates only on an individual'sa)gene pool.b)gene frequency.c)phenotype.d)genotype.

Evolution Review

8. Among the finch populations of the Galápagos Islands, the founder effect, reproductive isolation, and competition all contributed toa)speciation.b)genetic equilibrium.c)stabilizing selection.d)genetic drift.

Evolution Review

9. A trait that has many phenotypes is probably controlled bya)many genes and environmental factors.b)one gene that has only two alleles.c)environmental factors and not by genes.d)one gene and one environmental factor.

Evolution Review

10. Genetic drift is most likely to occur in populations that area)at genetic equilibrium.b)experiencing directional selection.c)small in size.d)large in size.

All of these questions and more are found on:

• http://phschool.com/webcodes10/index.cfm?wcprefix=cbk&wcsuffix=9999&area=view

Which of course is linked from:• http://www.upsd.wednet.edu/Page/789

http://phschool.com/webcodes10/index.cfm?wcprefix=cbk&wcsuffix=9999&area=view

http://phschool.com/webcodes10/index.cfm?wcprefix=cbk&wcsuffix=9999&area=view

http://www.upsd.wednet.edu/Page/789

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