BIOLOGY

Monday

20 Mar 2017

Entry TaskWhat is the ultimate source of energy for most all life on Earth?

• The Sun

What are the two types of autotrophs? Explain where the energy

for each comes from.

• Photosynthesis = from the energy in sunlight.

• Chemosynthesis = from the chemical bonds in organic

molecules.

Agenda Housekeeping

Consumers

Food Chains & Food Webs

HousekeepingSubstitute on Wednesday & Thursday (22-23 Mar).

• POGIL - Ecological Pyramids

• Ecological Pyramid Foldable

Substitute on Monday, 27 Mar.

• POGIL - Nutrient Cycles

Substitute Wednesday through Friday (29-31 Mar.)

• Quarter 3 ends

• Early release schedule

• Chpt 3 workbook

Chpt 3 Objectives

You will be able to answer the following questions.

• How do consumers obtain energy & nutrients?

Consumers

Heterotrophs: must acquire energy from other organisms.

Consumers:

• Organisms that rely on other organisms for energy and

nutrients.

• Classified by the ways they acquire energy & nutrients.

- Carnivores - Decomposers

- Herbivores - Detritivores

- Omnivores - Scavengers

p. 71

Consumers

Consumer classifications.

Carnivores

• Captures, kills, & eats other animals.

• Requires energy, but meat is generally rich in nutrients &

energy, & easy to digest.

Herbivores

• Obtains energy and nutrients from eating plant leaves, roots,

seeds, or fruits.

p. 71

Consumers

Consumer classifications.

Omnivores

• Diet naturally includes a variety of different foods.

• Foods usually include both plants & animals.

Decomposers

• Bacteria & fungi that “feed” by chemically breaking down

organic matter.

• The decay process produces detritus, small particles of dead

& decaying plant & animal remains.

p. 71

Consumers

Consumer classifications.

Detritivores

• Feed on detritus, often grinding them into even smaller

pieces.

• Commonly digesting decomposers that live on, & in, particles.

Scavengers

• Consume the carcasses of other animals that have been

killed by predators or have died of other causes

p. 71

Consumers

Consumer classifications.

• These simple categories often do not express the real

complexity of nature.

• E.g. hyenas are often described as carnivores, but will

scavenge if necessary.

p. 72

Consumers

Identify each

color as either

a primary

producer or

one of the 6

consumers.

p. 71

Primary Producer

Carnivore

Herbivore

Omnivore

Detritivore

Decomposers

Scavengers

Consumers

Identify each

color as either

a primary

producer or

one of the 6

consumers.

p. 71

Primary Producer

Carnivore

Herbivore

Omnivore

Detritivore

Decomposers

Scavengers

Check on Learning

How do primary producers make energy-rich compounds?

• Photosynthesis

• Chemosynthesis

How do consumers get the energy they need to survive?

• Eating other organisms

What are some different categories of consumers?

- Carnivores - Decomposers

- Herbivores - Detritivores

- Omnivores - Scavengersp. 69-71

BIOLOGY

Tuesday

21 Mar 2017

Entry TaskAll organisms can be classified

another? Explain.

• Simple consumer classifications

often do not express the real

complexity of nature.

All organisms can be classified as one type of consumer or

another? Explain.

Agenda Housekeeping

Food Chains & Food Webs

Food Web Manipulative

HousekeepingSubstitute tomorrow & Thursday (22-23 Mar).

• POGIL - Ecological Pyramids

• Ecological Pyramid Foldable

Substitute on Monday, 27 Mar.

• POGIL - Nutrient Cycles

Substitute Wednesday through Friday (29-31 Mar.)

• Quarter 3 ends

• Early release schedule

• Chpt 3 workbook

Chpt 3 Objectives

You will be able to answer the following questions.

• How do consumers obtain energy & nutrients?

• What are the different types of ecological pyramids?

Interdependence

What does interdependence mean?

• Inter- means “between or among”

What things in your life are interdependent?

p. 73

Food Chains

How does energy flow through ecosystems?

• Energy flows through an ecosystem in a one-way stream,

from primary producer to various consumers.

p. 73

Food Chains

p. 73

Food Chain:

• A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating

or being eaten.

• The of links (steps) determine how far a consumer is removed

from a primary producer.

Food Web

Food Web:

• A network of complex

interactions formed by the

feeding relationships among

various organisms in an

ecosystem.

• Consists of multiple food

chains linked together.

• Decomposers & detritivores

return nutrients back into the

system.p. 74-75

Food Web

Why is a food web a more accurate representation of the

feeding relationships in an ecosystem than a food chain?

• Organisms are rarely food or feed on just one other

organisms.

• Food chains are simple, but feeding interactions are rather

complex.

• Many different feeding relationships exist between organisms

in an ecosystem.

p. 74-76

Food Chains & Food Webs

Why might scientists study feeding relationships using a model,

such as a food chain or food web?

• Feeding relationships may be difficult to observe, & it may be

unethical to experiment with them.

What type of predictions could be made using a food chain or

food web?

• A food web could be used to predict what would happen if a

certain population in an ecosystem increased or decreased in

size.

p. 74-76

Food Web

Complexity of food webs & disturbances:

p. 76

Disturbances

How might an increase in the herring population affect the

emperor penguin population?

• Emperor penguins eat herring. An increase in the emperor

penguin’s food source would likely lead to increase in their

population.

Suppose the killer whale population is significantly reduced by

disease. How might this affect the leopard seal population?

• A decrease in the killer whale population might lead to an

increase in the leopard seal population, because killer whales

a leopard seal’s only predator.

p. 74-76

Food Web Manipulative

Food Web Manipulative:

• In your groups, organize the cards so they demonstrate the

correct feeding interactions.

• When you believe you have the correct feeding interactions,

draw or sketch the web on the worksheet.

When directed switch sets with another group:

• Even numbers with even numbers, odd with odd.

• Redo steps above.

p. 73-76

Check on Learning

What do we call a complex interaction of feeding relationships?

• Food webs.

p. 73-76

BIOLOGY

Wednesday

22 Mar 2017

Guest TeacherProcess Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning:

• Ecological Pyramids.

Instructions:

• You will work in your groups; do not go beyond stop signs

without the rest of your group.

• Designate 1 representative to seek assistance from another

group 1st if you get stuck, then the teacher.

Note: POGIL - Ecological Pyramids worksheet can be located

@ http://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/5716

BIOLOGY

Thursday

23 Mar 2017

Guest TeacherProcess Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning:

• Ecological Pyramids.

Instructions:

• You will work in your groups; do not go beyond stop signs

without the rest of your group.

• Designate 1 representative to seek assistance from another

group 1st if you get stuck, then the teacher.

Note: POGIL - Ecological Pyramids worksheet can be located

@ http://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/5716

Guest TeacherEcological Pyramid Foldable

Instructions:

• Complete all three sides of the ecological pyramid foldable

according to the rubric.

• Example taped to the front dry erase board.

Note: Ecological Pyramid Foldable worksheet can be located @

http://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/5716

BIOLOGY

Friday

24 Mar 2017

Entry TaskWhat are the three types of ecological pyramids? What is

represented by each pyramid?

• Pyramid of energy

• Pyramid of biomass

• Pyramid of numbers

Agenda Housekeeping

Ecological Pyramids

Complete Asssignments

HousekeepingSubstitute on Monday, 27 Mar.

• POGIL - Nutrient Cycles

Substitute Wednesday through Friday (29-31 Mar.)

• Quarter 3 ends

• Early release schedule

• Spirit Week

• Parent Conferences

• Chpt 3 workbook

Pride WeekThese are the themes for next week (27-31 Mar).

Monday = College Gear Day

Tuesday = Mathletes vs Athletes

Wednesday = Warrior Wednesday

Thursday = Hero vs Villain

Friday = Class Color Day

Ecological Pyramids

Trophic level = each step of a food chain or food web.

• Represented by ecological pyramids, showing the relative

amount of energy or matter contained within each level.

There are 3 types of ecological pyramids:

• Pyramid of energy

• Pyramid of biomass

• Pyramid of numbers

p. 77

Ecological Pyramids

p. 77

Pyramids of energy

• Show the relative amount of

level.

• Generally only 10% of the

available energy makes it to the

next trophic level.

Pyramids of energy:

• Show the relative amount of energy available at each trophic

level.

Ecological Pyramids

p. 78

Pyramids of biomass

• Illustrates the relative amount available

at each trophic level.

• Measured in grams of organic matter

per unit area.

• Determined in part by the amount of

energy available.

Pyramids of biomass:

• Illustrates the relative amount of living organic matter

available at each trophic level in an ecosystem.

Ecological Pyramids

p. 78

Pyramids of biomass

• Illustrates the relative amount

available at each trophic level.

• Consumers may be much less

numerous than the organisms they

feed upon.

- In such cases, pyramid may be

turned upside down.

Pyramids of numbers:

• Shows the relative number of individuals at each trophic level

in an ecosystem.

Check on Learning

What are the different ecological pyramids? Explain each in 6

words or less.

• Pyramid of Energy

• Pyramid of Biomass

• Pyramid of Numbers

How much energy moves up the pyramid of energy?

• Generally 10% of the total energy.

What can occur to a pyramid of numbers?

• Can be turned upside down.p. 69-71

POGILProcess Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning:

• Ecological Pyramids.

Instructions:

• You will work in your groups; do not go beyond stop signs

without the rest of your group.

• Designate 1 representative to seek assistance from another

group 1st if you get stuck, then the teacher.

Note: POGIL - Ecological Pyramids worksheet can be located

@ http://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/5716

Pyramid FoldableEcological Pyramid Foldable

Instructions:

• Complete all three sides of the ecological pyramid foldable

according to the rubric.

• Example taped to the front dry erase board.

Note: Ecological Pyramid Foldable worksheet can be located @

http://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/5716