BIOLOGY FORM 4 BAB 1 Cell Structure (2)

8/18/2019 BIOLOGY FORM 4 BAB 1 Cell Structure (2)

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Cell

Structureand Function


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Animal cell

Plant cell


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Cell Parts and

Structures

• With electron microscopes, scientists are able to seethe cellular components of a cell in greater detail.

• The cytoplasm contains structures called organelles.

• Organelles perform specific function which enable the

cell to function as a unit of life.


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A n i m a l c e l l


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P

l a n t c e l l


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• Controls cellular

activities.

• Nucleus membrane

controls inflow and

outflow of material to

and from nucleus

• Nucleolus acts as site

of ribosome

construction.• Chromosome carries

hereditary information.


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• Acts as a mediumwhere biochemical

reactions and most

living processes

occur within the cell.

• Proides the

organelles with

substances obtainedfrom e!ternal

enironment.


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• "eparates the content

of the cell from its

e!ternal enironment.

• Regulates the

movement of

substances enteringand leaving the cell.

• Allows the e!change

of nutrients,

respiratory gases and

wastes products

between the cell and

its enironment.


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• Chlorophyll captures theenergy of sunlight and

conerts light energy into

chemical energy duringphotosynthesis.

• The green pigment of

chlorophyll gies plantstheir colour.


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• "tores chemicals

such as organicacids, sugar, amino

acids, mineral salts,

oxygen, carbondioxide and so on.

• #egulates water

balance in plantcells.


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• $aintains the shape of plant cells.

• Proides mechanical strength and support toplant cells.

• Protects plants cells from rupturing due to the

moement of e!cess water into the cells.


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• %orms a networ& of

transportation within

the cell.

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

'has ribosomes attached to itssurface(

Transports protein which is

synthesi)ed in ribosomes.

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

'does not hae ribosome attach toits surface(

Transports and

synthesi)ed fat and

glyserol


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• "ite of proteins synthesis.

• They are either bound to the

endoplasmic reticulum or lie free in

the cytoplasm.


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• The sites of cellular

respiration.• Principle site of

energy production.

• *nergy generated orreleased in the form

of ATP (adenosine

triphosphate).


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• "tac&s of flattened sacs

• %unctions+

• processes *# products into final form

• sort and direct finished products to final destinations

'intracellular or e!tracellular( esicles - small

membrane coated chambers used to transport materials


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• "ac-li&e organelles

which contain

en)ymes

• rea& down large

molecules cell/s

0digestie system1

• 2estroy bacteria, old

organelles, etc.

3ysosomes


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BIOLOGY FORM 4 BAB 1 Cell Structure (2)

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