Biology Chapter 28 Section 2[1]
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Transcript of Biology Chapter 28 Section 2[1]
Biology:Chapter 28 Section 2:Groups of Arthropods
By: Adam GoetschPeriod 33/29/09
Crustaceans
• Crustaceans are in the subphylum Crustacea• They typically have two pairs of antennae, two or three
body sections, and chewing mouthparts called mandibles.
Body plan:- Cephalothorax - formed by fusion of the head with the
thorax- Thorax –lie behind the head and houses most of internal
organs- Abdomen – the posterior part of the body- Carapace – part of the exoskeleton that covers the
cephalothorax
Crustaceans (continued)
Body plan (continued):- Mandibles – a mouthpart adapted for biting and
grinding food.- Gills attached to the appendages associated
with the cephalothorax- Chelipeds – bear large claws that are modified
to catch, pick up, crush, and cut food (behind the claws are four pairs walking legs).
- Swimmerets- are flipper-like appendages used for swimming
Spiders and Their Relatives
• Horseshoe crabs, spiders, ticks, and scorpions are members of the subphylum Chelicerata.
• Chelicerates have mouthparts called chelicerae and two body sections, and nearly all have four pairs of walking legs.
• Body plan: Chelicerae- mouthpart that contains fangs and
are used to stab and paralyze prey Pedipalps- longer than the chelicerae and are
usually modified to grab prey
Horseshoe Crabs
• Are the oldest living arthropods
• First appeared 600 million years ago that haven’t evolved much
• Closest relatives are spiders, but heavily armored bodies like crabs
• Has long tail used for movement
• Get as big and shape of a large frying pan
Spiders
• Feeding: from small birds to other arthropods, some use webs and others stalk and pounce.
• Spiders can’t swallow unless food is liquefied and they inject their prey with paralyzing venom.
• When paralyzed the spider then injects digestive enzymes that break down tissues the prey’s tissues.
Mites and Ticks
• They are often parasites.• Chelicerae and Pedipalps are meant for digging
into the host’s tissues and sucking out their blood or plant fluids
• Pedipalps are often used to attach to the host.• Example of Mites: kill houseplants and major
agricultural crops like cotton• Example of Ticks: bring serious diseases such
as Rocky Mountain spotted fever or Lyme disease.
Scorpions
• Habitat: warm area such as deserts.
• Have long segmented abdomens that carries a venomous stinger that can kill or paralyze prey.
• Scorpions chew prey unlike spiders.
Insects and Their Relatives
• Belong to the subphylum Uniramia• Examples of Uniramia: centipedes, millipedes,
and insects• Uniramians have jaws, one pair of antennae and
unbranched appendages• Centipedes: worm- like bodies with 100 pairs of
legs, class of chilopoda• Millipedes: worm- like bodies with double the
pairs of legs and body segments then the centipedes