Biology BasicsBiology BasicsBiology BasicsBiology Basics

Cellular Biology for Lawyers

Elementary Science in pictures

Each cell is constructed the same way.*

•Each cell, like an egg, has a hard outer shell.

• *Red Blood Cells excepted

Continuing with the analogy

•Eggs have a yolk.

•Cells have a nucleus.

Inside the nucleus is the DNA molecule

•The DNA molecule is the thing that tells chickens to be chickens.

•More on that later. . .

What are loci?

Pronounced low sigh

Plural for locus

What’s a Locus?

What’s a Locus?

Lawyers!! You already know this!!

Think of all the worthless information you learned in law school. . .

In locus parenti

In the place of the parents

A LOCUS is a place –

A location.

*SIDE BAR*How do they find those loci?

13 CODIS Core STR Loci with Chromosomal Positions

CSF1PO

D5S818

D21S11

TH01

TPOX

D13S317

D7S820

D16S539 D18S51

D8S1179

D3S1358

FGA

VWA

AMEL

AMEL Slide courtesy of John Butler

9 Profiler Plus Loci – Who names these things?

CSF1PO

D5S818

D21S11

TH01

TPOX

D13S317

D7S820

D16S539 D18S51

D8S1179

D3S1358

FGA

VWA

AMEL

AMEL Slide courtesy of John Butler

Demystifying alleles:

They’re just identifiers

D3S1358 FGAVWA

AMEL D8S1179 D21S11 D18S51

D5S818 D13S317 D7S820

Profiler Plus

Loci and Ladders

•

D7S820 continued

D7 Profile

Eye Color

Eye Color

BB Bb

bB bb

12, 1212, 1312, 1412, 1512, 1612, 1712, 1812, 19

12, 1212, 1312, 1412, 1512, 1612, 1712, 1812, 19

13, 1313, 1413, 1513, 1613, 1713, 1813, 19

12, 1212, 1312, 1412, 1512, 1612, 1712, 1812, 19

13, 1313, 1413, 1513, 1613, 1713, 1813, 19

14, 1414, 1514, 1614, 1714, 1814, 19

12, 1212, 1312, 1412, 1512, 1612, 1712, 1812, 19

13, 1313, 1413, 1513, 1613, 1713, 1813, 19

14, 1414, 1514, 1614, 1714, 1814, 19

15, 1515, 1615, 1715, 1815, 19

12, 1212, 1312, 1412, 1512, 1612, 1712, 1812, 19

13, 1313, 1413, 1513, 1613, 1713, 1813, 19

14, 1414, 1514, 1614, 1714, 1814, 19

15, 1515, 1615, 1715, 1815, 19

16, 1616, 1716, 1816, 19

12, 1212, 1312, 1412, 1512, 1612, 1712, 1812, 19

13, 1313, 1413, 1513, 1613, 1713, 1813, 19

14, 1414, 1514, 1614, 1714, 1814, 19

15, 1515, 1615, 1715, 1815, 19

16, 1616, 1716, 1816, 19

17, 1717, 1817, 19

12, 1212, 1312, 1412, 1512, 1612, 1712, 1812, 19

13, 1313, 1413, 1513, 1613, 1713, 1813, 19

14, 1414, 1514, 1614, 1714, 1814, 19

15, 1515, 1615, 1715, 1815, 19

16, 1616, 1716, 1816, 19

17, 1717, 1817, 19

18, 1818, 19

12, 1212, 1312, 1412, 1512, 1612, 1712, 1812, 19

13, 1313, 1413, 1513, 1613, 1713, 1813, 19

14, 1414, 1514, 1614, 1714, 1814, 19

15, 1515, 1615, 1715, 1815, 19

16, 1616, 1716, 1816, 19

17, 1717, 1817, 19

18, 1818, 19 19,19

Real life application

•Profile is 16, 17.

•What do the parents

profiles look like?

12, 1212, 1312, 1412, 1512, 1612, 1712, 1812, 19

13, 1313, 1413, 1513, 1613, 1713, 1813, 19

14, 1414, 1514, 1614, 1714, 1814, 19

15, 1515, 1615, 1715, 1815, 19

16, 1616, 1716, 1816, 19

17, 1717, 1817, 19

18, 1818, 19

19, 19

12, 1212, 1312, 1412, 1512, 1612, 1712, 1812, 19

13, 1313, 1413, 1513, 1613, 1713, 1813, 19

14, 1414, 1514, 1614, 1714, 1814, 19

15, 1515, 1615, 1715, 1815, 19

16, 1616, 1716, 1816, 19

17, 1717, 1817, 19

18, 1818, 19

19, 19

12, 1212, 1312, 1412, 1512, 1612, 1712, 1812, 19

13, 1313, 1413, 1513, 1613, 1713, 1813, 19

14, 1414, 1514, 1614, 1714, 1814, 19

15, 1515, 1615, 1715, 1815, 19

16, 1616, 1716, 1816, 19

17, 1717, 1817, 19

18, 1818, 19

19, 19