Transport of Carbon dioxide by haemoglobin

Transport of Carbon dioxide by haemoglobinCarbon dioxide produced from aerobic respiration in cellsA)diffuse directly into blood capillariesB)diffuse into tissue fluid which eventually enter blood capillaries

Ways of carbon dioxide transported by blood to the lung1)By binding to haemoglobin2)By dissolving in the plasma3)By conversion to hydrogen carbonate ions in the RBCConversion to hydrogen carbonate ions in RBC85% of carbon dioxide produced in cellular respiration diffuse into RBC it combine with water and form carbonic acid in the presence of enzyme carbonic anhydrase.

Carbonic acid then dissociate into hydrogen and hydrogen carbonate ionsHydrogen ions accumulate will increase the acidityThe acidity is controlled by haemoglobin which is formed after oxyhaemoglobin release its oxygenH ions combined with haemoglobin and form haemoglobinic acidOxgen diffuses out of RBC into tissue cells to be used in cellular respiration

When the accumulate at the RBC and diffuse out of plasma to combine with sodium to form sodium hydrogen carbonate sodium hydrogen carbonate dissociate and the free hydrogen carbonate are carried to lung to form carbon dioxide

carbon dioxide is expelled into atmosphere in the exhaled air

When hydrogen carbonate diffuse out from RBC,the RBC will become positive charged due to accumulation of sodiumhowever electro neutrality of RBC is restored by movement of chloride ions into the RBC blood plasmathis is the process of chloride displacement