Biology 101 An Introduction
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Transcript of Biology 101 An Introduction
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Biology 101 An Introduction
Living ThingsThe Nature of Science
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What is Biology?
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What is a Living Thing?
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Levels of Organizationin Biology
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Assumptions in ScienceNatural causalityUniformity in space and timeCommon perception
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The Scientific MethodWay in which scientists study things in the world.
Observation/ProblemQuestion
Do Background ResearchHypothesisDesign experimentPredictionExperiment
Collect DataAnalyze Results Conclusion
sciencebuddies.org
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The ExperimentVariable
A factor that affects an observation/changing quantitiesIndependent Variable – something that is changed by
the scientist Dependent Variable – factor that is measured and is
dependent on the independent variableStandarized /Controlled Variables – aspects of an
experiment that remain the same
Control GroupUsed to rule out other possible variables Do not receive experimental treatment
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Scientific MethodThe results of an experiment must be able to
be repeated by other researchers.An experiment must be communicated
thoroughly and accurately.
Why is this important?
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Scientific TheoryGeneral explanation of important natural
phenomena, based on extensive and reproducible observations.
principle or a natural lawEx. Atomic theory (all matter is composed of
atoms)Ex. Theory of gravitation (objects exert a law of
attraction for one another)Ex. Cell theory(all living things are composed
of cells)A theory can be modified or falsified.
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The Theory of Spontaneous Generation - Abiogensis
Francesco Redi’s Experiment – 17th century facstaff.gpc.edu
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Malte Andersson’s Widowbird Experiment
Male long-tailed widow bird. sanparks.org
Female long-tailed widowbird. 10000birds.com
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Some interesting things in science
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Orphrys apifera. floralimages.co.uk
What Do You See?
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What Do Glowing Pigs and Jellyfish Have in Common?
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Biodiversity Refers to the total number of species within a
given region and the resulting interactions among them
www2.warwick.ac.uksciencelearn.org.nz
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3 Domains of Life
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KingdomsEukaryotes (have
membrane-bound organelles)PlantsFungiAnimalsProtists
Prokaryotes (lack membrane-bound organelles)Archaea Bacteria
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Theory of Evolution
Formulated by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the mid-1800s
States that modern organisms descended, with modification, from preexisting life-forms
Evolution - Change in the genetic makeup of a species
Charles Darwin Alfred Russel Wallace
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The End