Biologi Molekluler s1 Farmasi Kapsel Sttif

7/25/2019 Biologi Molekluler s1 Farmasi Kapsel Sttif

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28/03/2014 MODIFIED by Prof. Sismindari 2


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Peranan Biologi Molekuler dalam Farmasi.

Materi genetik : Genom, kromosom, DNA,RNA, protein.

Perbedaan genom prokariot dan mamalia,lokasi centromer, telomere, dan origin

replikasi, human genom project Dogma sentral ekspresi gen : replikasi,

transkripsi, translasi

Conto perkembangan dalam BiologiMolekular : kloning domba Doll! danterapi sel induk


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4

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Human 2.9x109bp


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Molecular Biolog!"e #eld overlaps$it oter areas o% biolog!, particularl!

genetics and biochemistry

Molecular biolog! concerns itsel% $it understanding teinteractions bet$een te &arious s!stems o% a cell, including teinterrelationsip o% DNA, RNA and protein synthesis andlearning o$ tese interactions are regulated.

'

Function

GenesProteins

Biochemistry

Molecular Biology

Genetics


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Mengapa

mempelajari


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MANFAA" B()*)G( M)*+-*+R

8

GEOME

M!"#SI D#

P#D# GEOME$EP%ISI D#

"$#S&$IPSI

"$#S%#SI

1. SIF#" ' F!GSI

(E$!(#)

2. SIF#" ' F!GSI

"E"#P

"E$*#DI+# PE+#&I" PE$!(#)# $ESPO

O(#"

P$O"EI, $ESEP"O$

"#$GE" O(#" P$O"EI O(#"

"#$GE" "E$#PI

P-$

SE&!ESIG


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MANFAA" B()*)G( M)*+-*+R

$EG!%#SIP$O$IO"

$EG!%#SI

E!$IO"

$EG!%#SI

SI&%!S SE%

(#G#IM## SIG#% D#$I %!#$

DI"E$!S &E D%M SE% SIG#% DI DI"E$!S ME%#%!I

$ESEP"O$

(#G#IM## PEM(E%#)# SE%

O$M#% DI#"!$ #G#$ "D& "E$*#DI

&E$

$EG!%#SI

SE-OD

MESSEGE$

$ESPO (#&"E$I ")DP %IG&!G# MEMP$OD!&SI P$O" O(" D%M (#&"E$I

$ESPO )!M# ")DP %IG&!G# P$OSES ME"#(O%ISME

S##" "E$*#DI IFE&SI P#"OGE


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&E"E$I"# DEG# I%M! %#I


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PERBEDAAN PROARIO! & E"ARIO!


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Pro#ariotPro#ariot Eu#ariotEu#ariot

OrganismeOrganisme Ba#teria $an siano%a#teriaBa#teria $an siano%a#teria Fungi he'an manusiaFungi he'an manusia

"#uran sel"#uran sel ( ) (*( ) (*

mm + ) (**+ ) (**

mm

OrganelOrganel Be%era,a - ti$a# a$aBe%era,a - ti$a# a$a Inti mito#on$ria #loro,lastInti mito#on$ria #loro,last

GENOMGENOM Sir#uler $alam sito,lasmaSir#uler $alam sito,lasmaSatu mole#ul #romosomSatu mole#ul #romosom

.inier ,an/ang $i,a# ra,i $gn.inier ,an/ang $i,a# ra,i $gn,rotein histon $alam inti0,rotein histon $alam inti0Manusia mem,unyai 12Manusia mem,unyai 12cromosomcromosom

RNA $anRNA $an,rotein,rotein

Disintesis $alamDisintesis $alamsito,lasmasito,lasma

RNA 3 $alam inti Protein3 $alamRNA 3 $alam inti Protein3 $alamsito,lasmasito,lasma

OrganisasiOrganisasi "nisel"nisel MultiselMultisel

PERBEDAAN PROARIO! & E"ARIO!


14/40(Alberts B, et al, 1994)

Splising

EarioProario

http://../Desktop/ANIMATIONS/Mtranseuk.MOVhttp://../Desktop/ANIMATIONS/Mtranseuk.MOV


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DNA, RNA, and te Flo$ o%

(n%ormation

1:

"ranslation"ranscription

Replication

!unctional

"roteinsPos ransaion

modifi6aion


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PEM(E%#)#

SE%


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1

FENO!IP


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ROMOSOM

4EN!ROMER

region $ari chromosom yang $i,erlu#an untu#,engi#atan mitotic spindlesaat ,roses mitosis

!E.OMER

5ragmen $i u/ung chromosom linier re,li#asi secara #husus

untu# mencegah ,er,en$e#an chromosom

ORIGIN REP.IASI

tem,at a'al re,li#asi %erlangsung


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Cromosomes

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1:: 24

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8 man 1 (*9
http://charismaticmice.homestead.com/pix3.htmlhttp://charismaticmice.homestead.com/pix3.html


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E0 4oli 106 7 (*2 ( 4hromosom40 90 oo; s;roi

8uman 1 7 (*9

:: autosom yang %er%e$a

: se7 #romosomMasin52 sin5 inir D#

di;oid2 6o;is 6 6romosom 2 6o;is a6 5n

1 < 6rom in ma


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Aplikasi biomol 3

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You can tell people apart by theirfingerprints

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Because everyones fingerprints are different!
http://www.chittendensheriff.com/fingerpt.jpg


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DN is lie a fingerprint becauseeveryones is a little different!

"o# does the police loo at DN tofigure out #ho committed a crime$


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Miss Ellis Sara

This is what it really looks like!!!2:


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Antici,ate$ Bene5its3

im;ro=d dia5nosis of disasarir d6ion of 5ni6 ;rdis;osiions o disas

raiona dr5 dsi5n5n ra;y and 6onro sysms for dr5s

;rsonai>d, 6som dr5s

Medicine and te Ne$Genetics

2

Gene Testing Pharmacogenomics Gene Therapy


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Aplikasi 4

P)*(M)RF(5M+

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6! does drug response&ar!7

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Same symptoms,

Same findings,

Same disease? Same drug

Same dose

Different Effects

Different patients

Possible Reasons:Individual variation

By chance

+tnicit!Age6eigt

Pregnanc!

GeneticfactorsDisease

Drug

Genetic

Differences

AA

GG #N"

Parmacogenomics

ng e uc eo e o ymorp sms


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ng e uc eo e o ymorp sms$#N"s%

A key to human variability

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D! se"uence #ariation at a single nucleotide that may

alter the function of the encoded protein

$unctional but alteredprotein$unctional proteinPolymorphisms are common and

contribute to common diseases and

influence our response to medications

?


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"Here's my

sequence..."

The New Yorker28/03/2014 33


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A"L&KA#& '&()(L *N+*KKL(N&NG

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"e Making o% Doll!

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-onin5 d;nds on D#

S; 1@ "a 6i o of a s; 55

Em;y D#D#

S; 2@ "ransfr n6i from Mor

S; E55 MorAs E55


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8ello Doll!

5e $as cloned using a cell taken %roma ealt! si9!earold seep

3:

*y 9, 1:, Doy Bas born a

$osin Insi, Edinbr5, S6oand


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GoodB!e Doll!

Doll!;s DNA $as alread! < !ears old$en se $as born 68=7

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# a5 3 Doy soBd si5ns of ;rmar# a5 3 Doy soBd si5ns of ;rmara5in5.a5in5.

Doy did a : yars od from ;ro5rssi=Doy did a : yars od from ;ro5rssi=

n5 disas Csym;om of od a5n5 disas Csym;om of od a5

IAs a abo D#


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OMPOSISI GENA

F"NGSIONA.

PROMO!ER

OPERA!ORAT!"AT#$ %!&'!&G (!T)

S!R"!"RA. GEN 3 mRNA

!ERMINA!OR


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(ntroduction

"e Central Dogmao% Molecular Biolog!

3

mRNA

Transcription

Cell

Polypeptide

(protein)

TranslationRibosome

Reversetanscription

DNA


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Biologi Molekluler s1 Farmasi Kapsel Sttif

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