Bioiversity of Pakistan

download Bioiversity of Pakistan

of 111

Transcript of Bioiversity of Pakistan

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    1/111

    F N R

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    2/111

    F C

    C N G. P: NWFP W D

    , M H N P. P: H W

    P.

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    3/111

    C

    A I

    P

    E S V

    C I: , B 1

    I 1

    B P 1

    S B 2

    F 2

    I 4

    F 4

    A B 4

    L B 5

    D S L B 5

    F B 6

    I W B 8M C B 10

    T B 11

    C II: C B A 14

    I 14

    T G P BAP 14

    G A BAP 15

    O P A BAP 15

    P BAP P 290

    O BAP I 29

    E BAP 29

    C F BAP 30O F BAP 30

    L N A CBD 31

    M R S A I BAP 32

    F P I CBD O P 33

    L F ( ) 33

    N C S 35

    S P C S 35

    B C S 35

    N A S S D 36

    S S S D 36

    D C S I D P 36

    C III: B C 38

    I 38

    A 38

    L 38

    F 39

    F P 39

    E 40

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    4/111

    T 40

    C S D 41

    C C I 41

    M E A 43

    M D G 43

    C I: C 45

    P 2010 T I S P 45

    P 2010 T 45

    I S P 53

    M 55

    C 55

    I C I C S U B 55

    A L L 56

    F P C N 56

    A 58

    I. I P 58

    R P 58

    P 59

    II. F S I 61

    IIIA G P C S 64

    IIIB T P W P A 71

    A

    1. W R C P P 81

    2. S F P T E (CITES A I) 83

    M 83

    B 84

    R 843. S P L B E (CITES A II) 86

    M 86

    B 86

    R 87

    4. S F P I T (CITES A III) 91

    M 91

    R 93

    B 93

    5. S P F C A 94

    R I D P 9

    C R F C D B C P 12

    N W I P 17

    M D N , AJK 19

    Q B G 21

    I I S D L S L 23

    T M C S U 27

    I A P: M I E 42

    M T C P 47

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    5/111

    S O W V P 48

    M R M E 52

    C C F E 65

    C J F E 66

    N R M I L N P 69

    C K N P GB 70

    R A C E R 76B D R P A P 78

    L T S L 80

    B O, M H N P.. (P: M. G R,

    H W F, I)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    6/111

    A

    ABS A B S

    ADP A D P

    AJKFWD A J & K F W DBAP B A P

    BCS B C S

    CBD C B D

    CBO C B O

    CEC C E C

    CITES C I T E S W F F

    CKNP C K N P

    DNA D

    EE E E

    EIA E I A

    ERWDA E R W D A

    ESA E S AFAO F A O U N

    GDD G

    GDP G D P

    GEF G E

    GIS G I S

    GP G P

    GPS G P S

    HWF H W F

    HV H V

    ICM I C M

    IDDV I D D V

    IEE I E EIUCN I U C N

    K K

    LAC L A C

    LGO L G O

    LPG L P G

    M M

    MACP M A C P

    MAF M A F

    MFD M F D

    MSP M S P

    NA N A

    NASSD N A S S DNCS N C S

    NEAP N E A P

    NGO N G O

    NOAA N O A A

    NP N P

    NRM N R M

    NTFP N T F P

    NWFP N W F P

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    7/111

    PA P A

    PAMP P A M P

    PMNH P M N H

    PPEPCA P P E C A

    PRIF P F

    PSL P S L

    PWGIS P W G I SPWP P W P

    SAARC S A A R C

    SACEP S A C E P

    SEA S E A

    SPCS S P C S

    S S

    SLM S L M

    SMART S M R

    SSSD S S S D

    SUSG CA S U S G C A

    TED T E D

    UNDP U N D PUNEP U N E P

    UNESCO U N E, S, C O

    UK U K

    USA U S A

    VO V O

    WCS W C S

    WTO W T O

    WWF W W F N

    O O D L ( ), M H N

    P(P: M. S K, H W F, I)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    8/111

    PREFACE

    P . P

    . S P

    ; IM I

    H . T E .

    T C B D (CBD)

    P. A P ,

    CBD. T

    CBD

    . W , ,

    , 2010

    . T

    , .

    C

    B S M E. M. R I, T O

    N R C T. T T,

    . T

    2010 .

    S D. S I A (K U) D. R A (N H)

    P C S ; D. S A (P

    A R C) L C M, ,

    . W D. A A C

    . L D. J

    A, B C , .

    T G E F UNDP P

    .

    A M Q

    B N F P

    G P, M E, I

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    9/111

    E S

    I

    P A . T H, K H K

    . T I , T, H MD,

    P. T A,

    I S R. O 90%

    CBD. H, P

    , . O 79.9

    , 22 (23%) 18 4

    .

    , B

    T P

    . N P. P 195

    ( 13 ) . T 668 , 25

    . T 177 13 . T 14

    , , 90 65 . T 22 9 . F

    198 29 . S 5000 .

    T 5700 400 P.

    P 3000 500 .

    T T, H, MD , , ,

    . M . H,

    . T I , , . P

    , , , 25 , 28 , , ,

    .

    T A , , ,

    T , ,

    . R I

    . P . C

    B .

    T . T

    . G

    . T

    . P

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    10/111

    B A

    P B A P 2000,

    . T BAP

    . H . T 2006 B S M

    E. T

    BAP . H

    BAP .

    T P N C S (NCS)

    1992. T NCS

    . T BAP

    BAP. I ,

    . T

    .

    B

    T , . T

    . T

    . T M E

    . T .

    T 2006 ,

    . F

    . T M D G 4.8

    6%, 9 12% 2015

    2010

    P 2010 . T

    . P 2010

    . A

    10% . P GEF

    , , . I ,

    J .

    P GEF .

    C (, ,

    ) , NGO. H,

    CITES

    . T

    . T

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    11/111

    H,

    . P

    ,

    .

    P

    . H,

    . T

    . T

    ; ,

    .

    A N B C C P. N

    B . T

    BAP, C P. T

    . T

    . S

    ;

    .

    C

    S P 1968. A

    1970. T P

    M B (.). T P

    , P C S. H,

    .

    A

    P 23 , 97 104 9,852,006

    . A 2000 . T

    . O 227

    PA , 58 IUCN 169 PA

    . T P ,

    , , , .

    T

    . T A P

    PA, PA, ESA . P

    , , ,

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    12/111

    M

    . S

    . T . S

    . T

    .

    T MACP PRIF

    . T GEF

    . A

    C

    , .

    C

    I C I C B

    T

    P. T , ,

    . T

    . F :

    C

    ( , NGO )

    .

    T ,

    . T

    , NGO .

    T

    .

    H, ,

    . H,

    .

    T , ,

    . H,

    . E .

    T

    .

    F , ,

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    13/111

    A

    T

    , , ,

    . T

    , . T

    . F

    , .

    T , , , ,

    .

    F C

    T 2010

    , . T , . T

    ,

    N B P.

    I H : T B S M

    E . T B S

    . T B S

    . A ,

    :

    T B S

    ;

    I, , M E

    B S, N C C W, S

    D.

    W

    ;

    T

    , ;

    ; .

    B : M

    . T . A

    . T :

    C C

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    14/111

    B

    .

    S 10% ,

    , .

    F N P C S .

    D

    .

    I

    , .

    D

    .

    D ,

    .

    T L , T V Q, B. A P:

    SUSG CA, Q, P)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    15/111

    C I

    O S, T T B

    I

    G, P 24 37

    N 61

    75

    E . I

    C , A S , I , A I

    . I : NWFP, P, S B

    I. T P 796,095 170 (2009), 193 . .

    P

    : ; I R ,

    A, D

    S R I. T

    H K,

    K R, H. T

    K2 (M G A, 8,611

    ), N

    P (8,126 ), .

    S I

    R S K R A

    S R K R,

    S

    . T

    ,

    B .

    L P'

    . N

    . C , ,

    , I R P S

    . O 79.6 , 22

    (23%) : 16 3 . F,

    , 5.014% .

    B

    A P, , P

    . T , P. R (1991)

    . T

    CBD 1

    A ( 1) P NOAA 2000. T

    20 P. T

    P

    ..

    S

    :

    : .. 1 0 5

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    16/111

    1. E/H .

    . E/H CBD A A () %

    A

    1 M M C 550,186

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    17/111

    12. E A G

    T T R P E T

    M 195 6 20B 668 ? 25

    R 192 13 6

    A 22 9 1

    F () 198 29 1

    F () 788 5

    E 25 2

    M (M) 769 8

    C (M) 287 6

    A (M) 101 1

    I >5000

    A 5700 380 ?

    G 21 ?

    P 189 ?

    A 775 20 ?

    F >4500 2 ?

    A P , P

    , 30% (R 1991). O P I

    1Source: Third National Report- Pakistan

    M 2. L U P.

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    18/111

    M , P. O ,

    SH (R 1991). T S R, H K, H

    NWFP A K W H E B A;

    10 P. T I V

    , .

    T P , , , , , 98 77 . O , 13 . A

    , P, IM E . O ,

    T, , , E, . T C D

    , P

    I. T P

    . A P , 22

    , 9 .

    I

    S , 5,000 P (1,000

    , 400 , 110 49 ).

    O 109 , 800 (700

    , 100 ), 355 . T

    400, S, L P (PMNH, .

    ). B

    . I , 80 ,

    (H, 1997).

    F

    A 5,700 ,

    (N A, 1970). T

    , M, SS, ES, I T, SJ I

    A Q (1986). T C (649 ),P (597), P (439), B (250), C (202). A ,

    189 ( ), 153 S J

    36 E S. F (, , ,

    ) 400 (7.8%) P (R. A, . .). M

    IT SJ. A 80% P

    (A Q 1986). H,

    : B P W H P. T

    K H . F

    20 P (57 ), C (49), U (34),

    P (32) B (20); 31 A,

    P 134 (R. A, . .).

    A B

    T

    . P

    I

    . I , , ,

    , , . A

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    19/111

    NOAA

    :

    T A E (000 ) P

    C I 15982.39 19.16

    R 2739.42 3.28

    R 828.05 0.99

    P 3,000 ( BAP

    2000). T 500 , N

    A P ( BAP 2000). A , P

    A

    1.

    T T, H MD , ,

    , GB A

    . M P G R. H,

    , ,

    ,

    . T P , , , , , , , ,

    , ( ).

    R ,

    1970. T, 15,600

    40 P G R I, N A R C. O

    50% ( BAP 2000).

    T .

    B

    T I , . P

    , , , 25 , 28 , ,

    , . T NR K . A

    , (S, R S), (B, D, D,

    L, R) (T T). H,

    2025% . O , 14

    14 . A 7580% P

    (I. H, . .). K

    AJK

    D B

    M 90 P . P 27.45

    . T

    . I

    (, )

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    20/111

    . M

    P : , , , ,

    , , , . A 11

    35 . T

    28% . D , 3.1%

    5% (70009000 ). F ,

    .

    E, P (C . 1965). A

    , , BIOME3

    . T

    . I ,

    . F

    :

    /. T , , , . T

    . T

    , , .

    G/A . T ,

    , , , ,

    , , , , .

    /A . T / ( S

    4.6 ). , ., , , ,

    ., . .

    D. T I , T,

    T, C; , 11 P. T S, B,

    P GB 250 .

    N S, P, B GB 125 . T 103

    000 .

    I . T

    S P. B ( ), S (

    ) . , .

    F.

    F I . H,

    . .

    .

    F B

    T , 4.73 5.014% (GP,

    2004). T , ,

    3.5 4% . I ,

    2.4 (2.7%), (2 ) (

    50% ). M , P ,

    ,

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    21/111

    50% . G ( 50% )

    P 400,000 . T , ,

    .

    R . I

    , , S H D, NWFP

    52% 1967 1992. S . T I D

    . I 20 , 2,600

    1970 (P 1993) 1,300 1990. T

    ;

    (S, 1997).

    I P . T

    , ,

    . T

    P , .

    U, P 1992

    .

    O

    P (C, , 1965),

    . T

    :

    A . T

    ( 65% )

    (60C) (

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    22/111

    C / . T

    , ,

    /

    . T .

    / . T

    E N A,

    2

    D

    . W >

    4C 1200 GDD

    1800 3660 . O ,

    , , , , . , ,

    . T

    . I ,

    , ,

    .

    / . T

    5 15C

    65%

    1000 1800 .

    I B

    The inland water resources of Pakistan are dominated by the Indus River System, comprising ofthe Indus, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, and Sutlej, all originating in Western Himalayas, flow fromnortheast to south and drain into Arabian Sea through the Indus Delta. Kabul River originating in

    Afghanistan drains into the Indus, near Attock. Other than the Indus River system, there aresome small rivers in Baluchistan province such as the Hub River, Gudri River, and the Nal River,all of which drain into the Arabian Sea on the Makran coast. Pakistan has one of the world's

    largest man-made canal irrigation systems, which consists of a number of large dams, barrages,and a network of irrigation canals and waterways. The three largest dams are the Tarbela,Mangla and Hub.

    P 198 , 15 . T

    A, A A . A

    ( S) ;

    B (P: NWFP W D)

    F F (P: NWFP W D

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    23/111

    A . S I , K

    H , B

    .

    A 32 P. T

    . H,

    .

    O T ( ), H ,

    M T D . T P

    ( ), 200 I R.

    T

    .

    I D

    T I R ( ) '

    . A 1,275

    , I R P. H,

    , , , ,

    . A ,

    I. M

    1,200 I R.

    I , , WWF

    . WWF

    2001 . I 2001 1100. T 2006 2001

    1275 T

    1970' S D R. C S W

    D WWF P, G P

    . I 2006, I R 1400

    1600.

    (C WWF P)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    24/111

    T , 20 , ( )

    C B

    P 1050 , (990 K )

    A S. T P

    . T I A S

    , . T

    .

    T . A

    ,

    . A P S

    P 1973. T . F

    .

    A 800 P ; ,

    . L B. T I ( ) I

    R . P ( ), ,

    I R .

    M P S H R

    I B K I . P

    , , , , . T

    US$ 156.254 (20032004). T

    P 350 . S 240 , 50

    , 10 18 , 21

    , 12 / / .

    I , P 10

    , , . T P

    P . T

    P GDP .

    A 200304 GDP

    . D J M

    200304, 101,256 R 7.9 J,

    USA, UK, G, M E, S L, C . T , ,

    2003 566,203 .

    T ( ) ( )

    P. U , M . E P. S , . S

    K (S C) G J (B C)

    . B O R

    I U C N N R (IUCN).

    T S W M W W F N (WWF)

    , . T

    P

    (TED) .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    25/111

    . E

    P. ,

    . O

    . O 48

    P. T

    , , .

    M I (P: IUCN P)

    A 56 S S . T

    G T, O, S P, G P, K P, S, D, M

    S, C, W . A , ; ,

    , , , , , , , . M

    . I

    . C .

    B .

    C B (J, A I). C

    , A I G,

    . S ( ),

    A I. A

    B .

    B

    T ,

    , , ,

    . T

    BAP (2000).

    . T ,

    . T

    . F

    . W ,

    .

    T , ,

    P. T I B P 137.2

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    26/111

    (MAF), 104 MAF . T,

    I B I D A S

    (GP IUCN, 1992).

    G

    . S .

    (M 1991). T

    ; ;

    (A BAP, 2000). T

    . H,

    .

    . T 40,00050,000

    GA A . O 200

    . I ,

    . I ,

    . T

    .

    C

    (HV). T ,

    , , , .

    C F C D B C

    I P. A B

    P 25 77 . A I 37

    B . T P,

    , , M

    P A. A E C C R M C A

    J, B S W D 2008

    UNEP S A C E P (SACEP).

    C A I. (P: W L)

    (S: ://..//)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    27/111

    . M ,

    .

    , .

    T .

    T . L 240 R

    (GP IUCN 1992). T

    .

    I K 12

    . A 80%

    , L M. M K

    .

    A N P (P: H W F, I)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    28/111

    C II

    C S N B S A P

    I

    T B A P P 2000

    , ,

    . T B

    A P 13 A CBD:

    ; ; ; ; ;

    ; ; ; ;

    ; ; ; . F ,

    P

    . T P ,

    NGO, .

    T N C S (NCS) P

    M 1992. T NCS

    . A NCS ,

    . T BAP

    2000. S

    BAP,

    C.

    G BA

    T P :

    E .

    B . W

    , , ,

    , .

    C P. W

    , P

    .

    B ;

    .

    A .

    B ,

    .

    N .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    29/111

    T ,

    .

    G A BA

    T B A P

    P , ,

    . T BAP :

    T

    ;

    T

    ;

    T ;

    T ;

    T , , .

    T

    P C.

    A BA

    1: A

    .

    A :

    1. S .

    2. P , .

    3. I BAP, ,

    .4. I P P, F P A

    D P (ADP), , , ,

    .

    5. P

    .

    2: D CBD

    .

    A :

    1. R 1973 C

    .

    2. R P CBD

    /

    .

    3. E

    CBD .

    4. U P,

    CBD CITES (C I T

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    30/111

    E S W F F), B C (C

    C M S W A) . E

    5. E, ,

    CBD

    .

    6. F , IEE/EIA P E P A,

    .

    7. D A 15 ( ), A

    16 () A 19 ( ).

    8. D / , ,

    .

    3: E .

    A :

    1. I

    , , . T

    CITES A I II.

    2. R , (CBO) NGO

    .

    3. T

    .

    4. T

    .

    4: E .

    A :

    1. A ( )

    .

    2. I ,

    , , ( A 1 C).

    3. C R D L .

    4. A .

    5. S

    .

    6. F , ,

    NGO . T ()

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    31/111

    I

    T P W P (PWP)

    P. T P N W C . S

    ,

    P , ,

    . P . T

    , GIS W I (PWGIS) ,

    . I

    .

    A P

    . W 150 19

    R . L 28 47 P W . T

    , , . WGIS .

    C

    GIS, GPS R S, . S 75

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    32/111

    5: D .

    A :

    1. D P. P

    A 1

    C. M

    .

    2. P .. S E ,

    /,

    .

    6:

    .

    A

    1. E : ()

    ; ()

    IUCN,

    ; ()

    , NGO ; ()

    .

    2. C . O

    , P.

    3. E P , .

    4. E .

    5. R .

    6. T , .

    7: C .

    A :

    1. D

    .

    2. A , , .

    3. E NGO , ,

    .

    4. E . O

    , I C

    M (ICM) P.

    5. E

    ;

    .

    6. E , ,

    . T

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    33/111

    7. P

    .

    DEE AIA A, AHI

    T (19892003) K I P

    N 2003. I 2004, AJF F W D ( AJKFWD)

    H W F (HWF ) 13 I N V P KI KGB A . T G

    B A P N P (D) H

    B 1992,

    .

    T ,

    . T

    M. T N

    . A

    P M AJK D 2007, M D N

    P 135,000 , , , .

    (C : H W F, P)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    34/111

    8: .

    A :

    1. D .2. C , ,

    , , , ,

    .

    3. E

    P .

    4. I . T

    , .

    5. S

    , , .

    6. P .

    7. E

    .

    8. I

    .

    9: D .

    A :

    1. W BAP,

    .

    2. R , ,

    : ;

    ;

    3. I S. 10: E, .

    A :

    1. E , , NGO

    .

    2. D ( )

    .

    3. E .

    4. T ..,

    .

    11: .

    A :

    1. R ..,

    , , ,

    .

    2. E ( )

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    35/111

    3. U

    .

    4. P

    , UNDP/GEF B P

    R C D.

    B G

    A Q G J U P, P 21

    A, 2009. T

    Q B G UNESCO

    H Q.

    P Q' G

    T Q B G. T

    ( 150) G P (J F)

    H Q.

    O , I ,

    ,

    .

    T Q , , , . T ,

    , ,

    , H B.

    T Q B G ,

    .

    S: B G C I (://..///0197/ ) C U P

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    36/111

    12: D

    .

    A :

    1. D, ,

    .2. I .

    13: / I

    .

    A :

    1. C BAP

    .

    14: C

    .

    A :

    A 14.1 I :

    ) ,

    A ,

    ;

    )

    , ;

    ) ,

    ;

    ) , .. ;

    ) /

    , ;

    ) T ( )

    . P : ;

    ) E ; .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    37/111

    I I D

    W W F N (UK) 1999, P S L (PSL)

    , . I , .

    I 2006, PSL R A E (US $ 50,000)

    . I , PSL

    DNA A. PSL

    . O

    .

    PSL

    . T PSL

    .

    (C: S H, A P, T C, H, CT, USA)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    38/111

    A 14.2 I

    :

    )

    ; ;

    NGO;

    ) S , . F

    ,

    .

    ) S . T

    ) C .

    A 14.3 I

    . T :

    ) ;

    ) ;

    ) U .. ,

    . T ,

    ;

    ) P

    .

    15: I .

    A :

    1. C GP ,

    .

    16: , .

    A :

    1. E, .

    2. I .

    3. D,

    P . T

    . A

    .

    17: .

    A :

    1. A ,

    ,

    .

    2. D

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    39/111

    3. E ,

    , . E

    , , .

    4. D

    . P

    , .

    5. C .6. P, , ,

    .. .

    7. S NGO

    ; ,

    NGO VO.

    8. I ,

    , .

    18: D .

    A :

    1. D

    NCS

    2. S, .

    19: I

    .

    A :

    1. D ,

    , ,

    .

    2. A , , , ,

    ; ,

    .

    3. D . I

    : ;

    .

    4. E ,

    , . T

    , NGO,

    , .

    20: .

    A :

    1. D ,

    P.

    2. D ,

    PA,

    PA.

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    40/111

    3. E ,

    .

    4. M ;

    . T

    .

    5. D

    P.6. E ,

    ,

    . I

    .

    7. E , NGO,

    .

    8. D , ,

    , , ,

    .

    9. D

    .

    10. D , , ,

    P.

    11. E ,

    , NGO,

    .

    21: I EIA , .

    A :

    1. F , IEE/EIA 1997

    A,

    , .

    2. S . P

    E P A /

    EIA

    .

    3. E EIA . T EIA

    . D

    NGO

    ,

    .

    4. E S E A (SEA)

    N D P

    .

    5. R N E Q S

    ,

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    41/111

    C

    T B S ( ) , A U (

    ) . T ( K) , ,

    1980; S M A U

    . O . A

    . H U S

    F W S B W D C P

    T , , . L

    . T

    1986. T . T

    ,

    .

    T C P P.

    T M U, . S , , A , .

    A 78 , . T ,

    .

    A D 2005, 2540 M 3145 U T . M

    1 CITES. T CITES C P J 1997

    P, M . R

    , T,

    CIC M A CP 9 CBD B G 2008.

    R ,

    CIC M A CP 9 CBD B G 2008.

    C: S T E P, Q)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    42/111

    22: D

    .

    A :

    1. C

    .2. P , ,

    .

    3. F

    ( , , ,

    , NGO, CBO ).

    4. D

    .

    5. D .

    6. I ,

    A

    , .

    7. C , SAARC (S A A R

    C) , ,

    .

    23: .

    A :

    1. E P

    .

    2. E , ,

    , , , .

    3. E P, B N H M P

    24: D

    .

    A :

    1. R ,

    .

    2. R

    B A P; .

    3. E

    .

    25: .

    A :

    1. C

    P.

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    43/111

    2. E /

    .

    3. C . I

    .

    4. S GEF,

    GEF .5. T P CBD C P.

    BA

    P BAP G P

    W B G E F. IUCNT W C U,

    P W W F N, P.

    T BAP ,

    . A,

    . P

    B W G M E, L G RD.

    BA I

    T BAP 2000 2005 B S

    M E BAP. T

    . T

    BAP, CBD,

    , BAP ,

    .

    T B S BAP. T B S

    , ,

    , . B

    S . I

    2030

    . A B W G

    . C

    BAP . T G 32

    CBD

    . B S C ,

    .

    E BA

    T BAP

    CBD P. F P (M T D F)

    BAP G.

    A , BAP IV

    5. T BAP . T

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    44/111

    BAP, ,

    .

    C F BA

    T

    BAP. S :

    T BAP

    . W CBD,

    .

    T B W G

    .

    T

    .

    T BAP

    CBD.

    T PAP .

    F BA

    A BAP . E

    , BAP . T

    . L . A

    BAP,

    .

    . T

    :

    T B S

    M E,

    , N C C W, T S D,

    B D.

    A N B C P

    CBD.

    T B W G

    .

    T

    , , . T

    BAP .

    T B D

    BAP.

    N B CBD ,

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    45/111

    A CBD

    T B A P ,

    . H

    BAP. A

    .

    N A L BAP

    1 B

    , .

    A 1.3

    2 P C : B, G

    B A, NWFP, P S.

    D C S: A, C.

    A 1.5

    3 R : A J K,

    L R : B, NWFP, GB.

    A 2.3

    4 CITES A A 2.4

    5 R EIA

    .

    P E P A, 1997.

    A 2.6

    6 A ,

    .

    A 2. 7

    7 B A 2.8

    8 C CITES . A 3.1

    9 R . A3.3

    10 C . A 3.4

    11 G PA A 4. 2

    12 R , . A 4.3

    13 P M N H

    .

    A 4.5

    14 C PA

    .

    A 6. 1

    15 A PA 2000. A 6.2

    16 S : CKNP, M D, S

    M, K C N P, L N P, H

    S N P, G N P, T P N P,

    P L N P

    A 6.3

    17 I : C G, D,

    H, M, K, A.

    E 4 ;

    E .

    A 6.4

    18 D

    .

    A 6.5

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    46/111

    D N P: C

    G, H, M.

    19 M

    .

    A 6.6

    20 F ;

    C B. S

    P R AJK .

    A 7.2

    21 C NGO ,

    , B: A

    : MACP, PAMP, PWP, 2 GEF M S

    , GEF .

    A 7.3

    22 S : C G,

    M, CKNP, M NP, S R.

    A 7.4

    23 C

    .

    A 7.5

    24 R B, NWFP ,

    GB.

    A 9.2

    25 M . A 9.326 E

    .

    A 10.1

    27 T ,

    .

    A 10.4

    28 C . A 11.4

    29 A A U .

    P U

    .

    A 17.4

    30 I

    GEF .

    A 17.7

    31 M E

    .

    A 19.3

    32 R PA A 20.2

    33 M , ,

    A 20.3

    34 A , NGO

    A 20.11

    35 EIA A 21.1

    36 S IUCN

    P

    A 21. 4

    37 P M

    E

    A 23.1

    38 E PA M A

    C

    A 24.3

    39 A

    A 25. 14

    A I BA

    T B A P

    . T

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    47/111

    F I CBD

    I CBD, CBD P:

    1. S ,

    CBD .

    2. P N B P CBD .

    3. P N P W .

    4. P N P C S.

    5. P N P W NTFP ( )

    .

    6. P N P W

    .

    7. D

    .

    8. D CBD.

    9. D GIS .

    F ( )

    M NGO

    CBD. S BAP

    ,

    . P GEF ,

    , ,

    . A

    .

    F

    ($)

    I

    F ($)

    M B

    P R

    C D

    2,500,000 GEF P

    I

    F (PRIF) 1996 1999

    M A

    C P

    750,000 8,100,000

    1,500,000

    GEF

    UNDP

    G

    P

    1999 2006

    P A

    M P

    670,000 10,080,000 GEF

    G P

    2002 2009

    W P 1,200,000 3,041,350

    1,800,000

    4,034,000

    GEF

    UNDP

    RNE

    2005 2011

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    48/111

    C S

    STEP 215,000

    GOB 110,000

    C

    C

    S 13,000

    SUSG 25,000

    767,000

    100,000

    GEF

    UNDP

    G

    P

    N NGO

    2006 2011

    C J

    F

    975,000

    150,000

    GEF

    UNDP

    G

    (

    666,670

    P S

    (PKP) 57,000

    B

    20,000

    NGO & CBO

    616,767

    P S

    33,300

    2007 2011

    C C

    F

    150, 000 E

    U

    2006 07

    GEF S G P 153,605 2,219,512 GEF BP

    P

    M M 75,000

    25,000

    GEF

    UNDP

    2009 2010

    E K

    C C S

    I A S

    P

    913,000

    867,700

    GEF

    UNDP

    2010 2013

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    49/111

    C

    T N C S (NCS) M 1992

    P . T NCS

    : , ,

    . T, ,

    : ;

    ; P.

    NCS ,

    , ,

    , , ,

    , ,

    . A NCS

    E S F P D D, S D

    P I.

    T S . T , E P A

    . (S: IUCN P ://../.)

    T

    N W F P, B, GB A, S. T

    P . A

    .

    C

    T S P C S S D A P

    P N W F P

    P N C S. A

    ,

    , , . T SPCS

    . I NWFP C J 1996,

    . (S: IUCN P )

    ://../.

    B C

    C 44% P , B . T ,

    , ,

    . M

    B . T

    ,

    B C S (BCS).

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    50/111

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    51/111

    T SPCS, ,

    ,

    .

    T IUCN ,

    C A D NWFP. G P L G

    O (LGO, 2001),

    , . S

    S 140 (4) LGO

    2001,

    I D D V (IDDV).

    IUCN IDDV .

    S IDDV, IUCN

    IDDV . T

    , ,

    IDDV. (S: IUCN P).

    H B B D N P. (P: H W F)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    52/111

    C III

    B CI

    P

    , . T

    N C S 1992 1999

    N B A P. T NCS,

    P, P

    14 ,

    . T N E A

    P (NEAP), F 2001, G'

    : , , . A

    NEAP. T E P

    2005.

    D ,

    , , ,

    . F, P

    ,

    . P

    . H,

    . T

    , . A

    .

    A

    T 62 ,

    N A P . M

    P ,

    , , , , . O

    ,

    WTO , , ,

    .

    O A P P

    . T

    , .

    L P' 50

    . T

    . H, FAO U N

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    53/111

    F M F, A L (MINFAL)

    "N L P & A P"

    F

    F . I

    ,

    . T 57 . I

    , . I 180,000

    .

    A P

    2006. . T

    ; ;

    . T

    .

    F

    T , , 10.5 , 1.4

    . H,

    . W ,

    . T

    . A H E S

    , 79% (82%),

    (7.3%), (9.8%). F ,

    , , , , ,

    , .

    T ; ,

    . T N E P

    P

    . T :

    F N F P.

    C

    .

    P .

    P . E

    A.

    D

    .

    D

    .

    P P. P

    , , LPG,

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    54/111

    , ,

    .

    S

    .

    P

    .

    E

    T C W M E M E

    NEAP S P

    P. T

    . T

    P .

    T E E (EE)

    10 P. T

    :

    C E S 9

    1 .

    E C / 1 12

    , .

    O / / P NWFP .

    M T E S 8

    10

    .

    T P , .

    S 1971, ,

    122,000 494,000. C , P . D 1995, 42.8 . W

    P ,

    , P

    .

    T

    . T ' T M P

    U N 1967. I

    .

    I P,

    1983 . T : ()

    ; ()

    . S 1988,

    US $200

    . S 1991, US$ 1,000

    . D ,

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    55/111

    . R,

    1990 N T.

    C D

    T N C S (NCS) 1992 : () , () , ()

    . T NCS ,

    68 . A

    NCS 2002

    P' N C S (NCS)

    . F NCS

    .

    W NCS,

    . T N W F P

    (NWFP) B.

    NWFP

    ( A C). A GB A

    . A

    . T

    .

    A

    . H,

    .

    C C I

    T N E P P

    :

    P E: T ,

    :

    I

    .

    E

    .

    I

    .

    C /

    .

    U .

    D .

    E .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    56/111

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    57/111

    I A : I E

    W G200 1997, WWF

    . T

    . A G200, P I

    E, 238 41 P P WWF

    N.

    T I E P R B L M E

    1999. T 2002 2004 I

    E P. T I E P 2006

    . F , .. ,

    , .

    A I E

    , P (NRM)

    . F P E

    K N.

    T P . I I E S C

    , D C

    C. T P NRM

    . P

    . T P

    .

    F P ..

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    58/111

    G E: I ,

    . T , :

    C .

    E .

    M .

    L

    .

    I " "

    .

    E L G: E

    . F , :

    E .

    D .

    B

    . D .

    E .

    E A

    T NEP

    . I , :

    E

    .

    E ,

    , P ,

    .

    D

    , J P I, M

    D G W, E, H, A, B (WEHAB)

    .

    T M E M

    CITES, C M S, R R . T M

    W H C. T

    .

    D G

    P

    10 E .

    T. I

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    59/111

    I D 1990 2015

    F

    F

    ,

    4.8% 6%

    L

    L

    9.1% 12%

    N , N, B (P: SUSG

    CA, Q, P)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    60/111

    C I

    C: 2010 I

    2010

    G 1. C , .

    E C E ( 1.1).

    N . H,

    P

    . T

    . T

    . T .

    T

    :

    A C :T M A C P (MACP)

    U N D P (UNDP), G P G

    E F (GEF). T MACP , 1999 2006,

    1999. I , PRIF (GEF PI

    F) 19951998.

    T MACP

    P.

    T

    . T

    ,

    , M

    A C 2006 16, 365 231,

    000 , . P US$10.35,

    19992006.

    :GEF/UNDP P, $ 11.792 , 7 (20052011). T P

    . I ()

    , (2)

    .

    C .T

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    61/111

    . T

    , ,

    , , ,

    . T .

    T : ,

    ;

    ; , NGO, ;

    . P US$ 1.23 , 20062011.

    C D : T

    P

    . T

    , SLM .

    T SLM

    . T

    , ,

    S L M (SLM). D2 (2008

    2009) B USD 4.6 (UNDP: US$ 1,292,000, GEF: US$ 1,990,000)

    I ( 1.2)

    T . H,

    . A

    PA . T

    :

    C E R: C . T

    . A GEF/UNDP

    .

    C J F E: IUCN P GEF

    . T

    .

    C C P F E: C

    P. T UNDP WWF, P

    , . I

    .

    C B B B: H W F

    H B B D P. T

    A J K

    M D N P

    . S U S IUCN C A

    A B B B.

    G 2. C D

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    62/111

    , , (

    2.1)

    T ,

    . H,

    , M, U, I

    . I , C GEF MSP .

    I ( 2.2)

    T 23 , 11 , 13

    CITES I. T 30 , 78 14 CITES II,

    . T , 12

    III . T

    P CITES I, II, III 24 . T

    P 5. I CITES I

    13 II. T

    . T

    .

    G 3. C .

    C: O ;

    . A

    N A R C , , . T . H,

    . T

    ,

    .

    C

    M . O , G ( )

    O R ( ) P. P

    30 . S 700,000

    / . M 7000

    . A

    . 2006 T I O S E

    A M T . E .

    S , WWF E R W D

    A (ERWDA) AD .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    63/111

    : T

    . T G C U L, S A L U

    K, U P

    . R U P Q G

    UNESCO JU,

    . A B G

    .

    V I . T

    " " P . T

    O W B V ( ) P 95 P

    . T

    .

    A P S

    (200809) P 50

    . A , C M F

    . C

    . T

    .

    (C

    : WWF P)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    64/111

    G 4. C.

    B ,

    ( 4.1).

    T

    . M A C P. T

    . H,

    . I ,

    , ,

    , .

    T Q H

    , .

    , , ,

    ( 4.2)

    T CITES I

    II. H,

    .

    ( 4.3)

    P . E

    . P CITES A

    .

    G 5. , , , .

    T

    . M .

    T .

    T

    . T

    , T M,

    . T

    ,

    .

    T ,

    . T "N P I W"

    R. 66 80,000 , 20

    30% , .

    A 60% ' .

    T P N W C P E H

    E I S P R. 18 . T

    3000 , 220,000 .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    65/111

    R

    P. I ,

    :

    P N C C

    1 C A/D L B & S M. 39.5402 E R P R

    P W M T R

    C A

    532.500

    3 I M P A N P,

    D. A

    72.710

    4 R R P T P

    P L C.

    24.802

    5 E R T I/ P

    I T S S AJK

    39.000

    6 AJK P R P T P W

    D

    474.900

    7 R D F A T S P D F/S F

    C P GB A

    125.000

    8 C R I D M

    S M

    39.400

    10 D F S R

    C S AJK

    14287.833

    14 M S M P C

    J F

    1098.486

    15 E P B G N

    S G C U L

    36.836

    A 16771.007

    G 7. A .

    (

    7.1)

    A

    . T

    . N E (2009)

    M . S

    ,

    BG . A

    .

    C

    F S C R D. T

    G A P.

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    66/111

    ( 7.2)

    P N C

    S (NCS) P. T 1997 P E P A

    , . T

    (SMART)

    M E M 2006. T ,

    , , NGO, ,

    .

    U , P

    E P A. I

    . T

    . O , ,

    ,

    , .

    K P T (KPT), K L G S W D

    . KPT E P

    D . A

    P C P T S .

    G 8. .

    M

    . I

    . T

    5.

    G 9. .

    T ,

    , , . H,

    .

    E S S . M

    , . S

    S R

    . L T J,

    K K . R

    . S N H N .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    67/111

    G 10. E .

    T P ABS. A

    . S

    . T

    ABS. T ,

    SAARC ABS. S, ECO

    ABS .

    H, G ABS. M

    .

    E

    M P ,

    . B T H. A , ,

    . IUCN P

    1997. S 6.5

    . S ( , , )

    . S

    . E

    B. I , IUCN

    .

    2 . (C: IC, )

    O , WWF .

    F, S F W D PSDP

    ADP. M J 15

    2009, P W R

    K B, D T S. T ME .

    D 541,176 796

    I D.

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    68/111

    G 11. , , ,

    C.

    T , , .

    H,

    CBD.

    I

    G 2. P , , , ,

    C (G 2)

    C

    ( 2.1).

    C

    .

    S C ( 2.2)

    L

    BAP

    BAP.

    I C P B

    ( 2.3)

    T C P B. A

    N B C P E P A, M

    E CPB . P

    , , B G MO (GMO) . T C

    K, UNEP, GEF. T C

    .

    C C P B ( 2.4)

    Pakistan has adequate capacity to implement the CPB. The least reuired setup had beenestablished for the implementation of Biosafety Regulations developed and notified in the shapeof National Biosafety Centre as a project. The centre has gotton the committees notified andencouraged the established of 30 Institutional Biosafety Committees in academic, R&Dinstitutions, Seed companies (private & international) within the short period of three and a halfyears time periods and got National Biosafety Committee's approval on the recommendations ofTechnical Advisory Committee for the fifty four (54) submitted GMOs related cases by differentapplicants. There is a need to further improve the technical and managerial capacity of thecentre to enhance the quality and quantity of the regulating, monitoring and evaluation, and alsothe risk assessment and risk management of GMOs and their products related activities.

    T ( 2.5)

    A S K

    . T

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    69/111

    . H,

    .

    G 3. N

    C.

    C C P

    B ( 3.2)

    T B B . H,

    .

    B ,

    ( 3.3).

    B

    . T

    .

    A F M . T

    , .

    T ,

    C,

    ( 3.4)

    W

    BAP. W

    , .

    G 4. T C,

    .

    C, ,

    C ( 4.1).

    T B A P ,

    . A

    BAP. W ,

    , , , ,

    .

    B , P ( 4.2).

    T ,

    B P.

    L C

    (T 4.3).

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    70/111

    C

    .

    K , ,

    C ,

    (T 4.4)

    T W C U (IUCN) W W F N (WWF)

    P C. O

    H W F, S T E

    P. S, A O, A P O E . T

    . C S

    . P T

    .

    F

    P GEF , , . M

    . P

    M A C F P A M F

    GEF . G P

    .

    C

    I C I C B

    T

    P. T

    . T , ,

    . T

    . F :

    C

    ( , NGO )

    .

    T ,

    . T

    , NGO .

    T

    .

    H,

    , . T

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    71/111

    T , ,

    . T

    .

    E .

    T

    . F , ,

    .

    A

    I .

    T

    , , , . T

    , . T

    . F ,

    . T ,

    , , ,

    .

    F C

    T 2010

    , . T

    . I

    ,

    . B 2010 ,

    : , NB P.

    I H : T B S M

    E . T B S

    . T B S

    . A ,

    :

    T B S

    ; I, , M E

    B S, N C C W, S

    D.

    W ;

    T

    , ;

    ; .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    72/111

    B : M

    . T . A

    . T

    :

    C

    .

    B

    .

    S 10% ,

    , .

    F N P C S .

    D

    .

    I

    , .

    D .

    D ,

    .

    M D N P, A J K (P: H W F, I, P)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    73/111

    A I

    I

    A.

    C P G P

    AAIIAAFFCCAAII

    F M E

    N

    A M Q, D I G

    F, N F P CBD

    M

    ENERCON B, G F

    S G 5/2

    I, P

    T ++92 51 9245585

    F ++92 51 9245598

    E "A M Q K" ,

    CCAACCFFFFIICCEEFFAAIIAAEE((IIFFDDIIFFFFEEEEFFAABBEE))

    F B D, M E I

    N

    R I, T O (B)

    M ENERCON B, G5/2, I

    T 0092 51 9245601

    F 0092 51 9245600

    E .

    BBIIII

    S

    D

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    74/111

    B.

    T

    2010 . T .

    H, , :

    T :

    A

    D (B, P, GB)

    W P

    D (AJK, B, P, NWFP, S)

    F D

    (P, B)

    F D

    (AJK, GB, P, B)

    E

    D (NWFP)

    L D (

    AJK

    R I

    (F, A, A )

    P M

    N H

    F S

    C R D, I

    S

    D, I

    U (P, R, K, L, H, I) NGOS (CABI, IUCN, WWF)

    C

    T N W F P A J K

    21010 . T

    .

    N

    2010 :

    P C S

    P W P A

    I, M C B

    F B

    D H L B

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    75/111

    A B

    M B

    T

    . T .

    C

    A I N 14, 2009. T ,

    60 , , , NGO, ,

    , . T

    4 . A ,

    , . A .

    1. P 1 N R CBD (199899)

    2. P 2N R CBD (2002)

    3. P 3N R (2007)

    4. A S P, R&D A ,

    5. B A P,

    6. E S P,

    7. O IUCN P I

    A S8. IUCN P WWF P ,

    S C

    9. A P D UNCCD

    10.O B D

    11.N, P D C S

    12.P P

    13.S E R (D)

    14.B P: S (2008) B

    D M E, G P

    15.P D B

    16.M T D F17.P P A S

    18.P P C

    19.P E P 2005

    20.P S P

    21.D F P 20102015

    22.F B V 2030

    23.C I P A

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    76/111

    24.L P A

    25.P S D P

    I ,

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    77/111

    C

    1 I A, D. D F, L

    2 D. K M, P M N

    H, I

    3 D. M I S P M N

    H, I

    4 D. A R, P P U

    5 A A K, A WWF, P

    6 A W, D S D,

    I

    7 D. A T V M E, I

    8 M. T N, D M E, I

    9 M. S, L I I U

    10 M. K P A, D D F, H

    11 M. U B D D F, I

    12 M M A S D,

    I

    14 M. M A B S D,

    I

    14 R M J , D. D W, R

    15 D. R M. D K, P O A H, AJK

    16 D. F F, D C W, K

    17 M. A A N, D N B C,

    I

    18 D. A A C, W B L

    19 M M K, F R20 M B S, D G S C, I

    21 D. A S, D H R I

    U M, K

    22 M. M A, C T N C

    P, I

    23 D. S J , F M E, I

    24 M. M A B D D I P C

    O, I

    25 D. N A, S P A R

    I, I

    26 M. E A, E E B H S, I27 M. A G H, E E B H S, I

    28 M. F R D M M E U, KP,

    K

    29 M. H S, D P F I, P

    30 D. E A, D. D G WW, P

    31 M. M K P M. W C S, G

    32 D. G A, D WWF, P

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    78/111

    33 D. M A, A P W M, A

    U, R

    34 M. S C C F W D, P

    35 M A D. C W, W D, C

    36 M S H, A R L,R.

    37 D. G. R B, D , S L U, K38 M. T M K M B P A

    R L

    39 R A K, NRM S A B A

    D, R

    40 M.A K, P U K

    41 D. K S, P, QA U

    42 M. N I, P M M N P,

    M

    43 M. A J I I U,

    I

    44 M. R K, E E M E,

    I.

    45 M. N S E E M E, I

    46 M. S M, F P F, R

    47 M. T H C P A M

    P, I

    48 M. A L R, P A C I

    49 M. A I, T C I

    50 D. M A, C S P A R

    C, I

    51 D. M M M, W B P

    52 M. U K, C W M E, I

    53 D. M.I C, P H.E.J. R I C, U K.

    54 S A. R A M E, I.

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    79/111

    A II

    F I

    A, S. I. M. Q. 1986. A P A P P K. I

    , 89B: 89101.

    A, M. R P A M P. M

    E IUCN P. 78 .

    C HG, S SK, K GM. 1965. M P F I, P.

    GNWFP IUCN P. 2007. N R M I L N P.

    IUCN P, P, P. 36 .

    G P 1992. F S M P. G P.

    GP IUCN. 1992. T . P: GP, U A D IUCN

    P.

    H, S. A. 1997. B D B N H. I , .

    M, S.A., C. A W S. A. H, 181204. I: P M N H.

    I, R. N, M.N. B. A. W. 2008. B P: S T T. P,

    B D, M E, I, P.

    IUCN, 2000. P P A S R A P. IUCNP. 45.

    N, E. S. I. A, . 1970. . I K: N H, PARC

    D B, U K.

    O , S., L, C., M, A. 1998. IUCN W L T T. W

    C P.

    P, J.C., . 1993. M P A S A S R. V. 4: P. I

    . G, S: IUCN.

    P IC, C W, H S, L R, M RA, S AM. 1992. A

    , . J B 19:117134

    R, T. J. 1986. . R W R I, W, D.C.

    R, T. J. 1991. T B P. V. 1. O U P, UK.

    S, K. M., . 1999. F

    P. CLIMATE RESEARCH, V. 12: 195203, 1999, 195203.

    S, R.R. 1982. A A C V P W P K. P

    A R C, I, 1028 .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    80/111

    A IIIA

    G C

    1:A , .

    A P 1947, H G C, R

    . I D. R. R. S 1960,

    60000 . T

    P 1968. T 1970. A

    A C V P W P K" D S

    1972. T

    .

    T 217 M , 1376 4733 P,

    6806 . W , .

    T P D, (.) . E

    , , ; , ,

    , , ; , , , , ,

    , , , ,

    . T . M

    ,

    .

    T , ,

    . E ""

    2 . A , 1

    . E

    P, , .

    T M B G .. A U

    K , ,

    P .

    2:A , ,

    .

    T .

    H 14 P CITES I II (C IV). T

    P M N H N H N A R

    C (I) ; ,

    . T

    G S P C P

    . T

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    81/111

    .

    3: D .

    T P. H

    ( ., )

    F A.

    4:A 10% .

    T

    11.21 % (9,852,006 ) 87,892,224 , P.

    C C F E

    T C ( ), C P H

    A, P, I, 18003350 . T ,

    . T . D

    , . A

    , . T C ,

    . T . T

    ,

    . F , WWF P

    . WWF P ,

    , , .

    (C: WWF P)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    82/111

    5:P 50% .

    T . H,

    ,

    50% .

    CCFFEE

    T M B C P S J F E P, , G E F (GEF), U N D P (UNDP) . I

    U C N N R (IUCN)

    B F W D. P A, 2007

    . P .

    M

    J .

    T J

    . T

    . T : () E,

    J F E , ()

    J F E B,

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    83/111

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    84/111

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    85/111

    I

    I

    . T

    :

    1. S

    2. E

    3. E

    4. S

    5. A

    6. B

    7. L NTFP

    8. I

    T ,

    , , , . T ,

    . T

    .

    P ,

    ,

    , ,

    .

    T NRM

    . A

    ,

    , ,

    , , , , ,

    (C IUCN P)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    86/111

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    87/111

    A IIIB

    A

    A ( 1.1)

    T P. H,

    A P M 2000. T P

    , , , ,

    . T P

    T P ,

    , ,

    .

    S P A (PA) ., N P, W S

    G R, . L PA IUCN . O 227 PA 58

    IUCN 169 PA .

    T .

    S ()

    .

    T A P PA,

    PA, ESA . P

    , , ,

    .

    T ,

    . T PA

    1 P 1.

    T 1. L P A P

    C N %

    P A

    H %

    L S

    H %

    N P 23 5.29 2845420 28.9

    W 97 42.29 1,970,424 20.0

    G 104 42.29 5,036,162 51.1 224 100 9,852,006 100

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    88/111

    F. 1: A

    T PA PA 1972. T

    P A 1998

    . C ( 10%),

    . E ,

    P. H, ,

    PA. T ESA

    2000. I ,

    PA .

    A ( 1.1)

    N . H,

    A S P, I, I

    A.

    I A B ( 1.2)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    89/111

    T . M

    , , .

    O

    PA . W

    PA, PA

    . S

    PA 24 PA

    . H,

    .

    A ( 1.3)

    A , P. H,

    S A S W F P

    N P, C

    C A .

    T C

    M S (B C) . F,

    . .

    A ( 1.4)

    P .

    H, , ,

    . E N P 23

    . M

    . I PA

    . I PA . A

    .

    I ( 1. 5)

    T PA : ,

    , , , ,

    , , .

    S : S , , G/, NGO

    .

    C : ,

    , . A

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    90/111

    N ,

    . T . G

    .

    E B ( 2.1)

    T PA P . T

    . E

    10 N P

    .

    T P

    . H,

    .

    W PA

    , PA

    . T 1970. T , .

    I I C ( 2.2)

    T

    PA . T

    . T

    . D

    ,

    .

    T

    . T

    . H, .

    T . H,

    30

    .

    E , ( 3.1)

    T P. T

    . H, ,

    .

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    91/111

    T

    .

    T . T

    . N

    .

    C , ( 3.2)

    A . H,

    N S C A

    .

    T

    . T

    . T

    . H, , GIS, , . I

    NTFP

    . T PA

    .

    D ( 3.3).

    A GEF P

    , ,

    . T

    . T GEF M A C

    P P A M P, P W GEF .

    T

    PAS.

    U G I S (GIS) G P S (GPS)

    , , C , ,

    . M

    .

    O GIS B D PA. A

    PA

    . GIS /.

    A 10 PA, ;

    15 PA ( W S N P G R) P

    A .

    F A ( 3.4).

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    92/111

    F PA

    PA . A

    P A M P. T ,

    PA. O F,

    .

    T PA

    . T , . M

    GEF . A GEF

    . S A

    D B E C . A

    C II.

    A C E

    S U S G IUCN C A (SUSG CA) GEF M S

    C S H N B

    . T K . T

    . T

    . I ,

    C , ,

    . N C ,

    . T

    PTV B. A,

    .. D J, A, . T S N C N,

    6 N C M. 2007, I

    NWFP S C C S. A

    ,

    . T .

    (C: S U S G, C A, Q, P)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    93/111

    T PA P, PA

    . H,

    NGO. T I D

    D A P

    .

    C, E ( 3.5).

    A P. I

    . T

    , NGO,

    M. I

    , , , , , , .

    A , , IUCN, WWF, GEF

    . C

    . P GW R M T S D

    .

    T : , ,

    , PA

    .

    B ( 4.1)

    A: C K N P (CKNP)

    . T

    . T CKNP

    . T

    .

    : T P A M P

    . C E C (CEC)

    NGO. W V O

    , CEC . CEC

    . T CEC

    .

    G:A PA GEF , L A C (LAC)

    5 . A

    , LAC , ,

    , NGO . T LAC

    . I

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    94/111

    .

    A ,

    .F . T

    PA

    .

    E E ( 4.2).

    T .

    A A ( 4.3)

    B D A

    T

    . T , , PA M

    C .

    C PA . WWF

    P P P E & P C A (PPEPCA)

    M E

    . I (2007 2009) WWF P PA

    . T :

    1. M H N P.

    2. K N P.3. M N P.

    4. K G R.

    5. A N P.

    6. H N P.

    7. K P A C

    T A N P

    G. N PA . T GIS

    G C. R

    C: WWF P)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    95/111

    A:S PA

    M O E. H,

    .

    C A: I 1997, 9.01 9.852

    . N P

    PA. I 1997, 12 23. E

    C K N P,

    PA .

    G :T

    .

    C ( 4.4).

    A

    . H,

    . H, , ,

    , , . T

    . T

    . H

    .

    (S B), N, B. (P: SUSG CAS, Q)

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    96/111

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    97/111

    I P G, U.S. S D,

    , N

    GB P W C S (WCS) B , USA. T

    B , 90

    , 1903. S

    3,500 7,000 ,

    C A. T P 200 300 ,

    .

    T , 13 ,

    2006; . T

    , . T

    P G , WWFP, IUCNP

    , L , .

    T B , ,

    P. L ,

    , . I , L

    P,

    P .

    S P J. M, W C S, USA

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    98/111

    A 1

    C

    C D

    W M N P

    M N P

    W E S

    E K

    K

    E K

    H H H

    K

    E K

    E K

    W K, , H R

    N B

    NWFP, M H

    I D

    H M H

    C

    W H K, H,

    H

    W S S

    W W B

    W N B

    W N P, NWFP, K

    S B

    S R, K V, S

    W H, H,K

    H, H,K

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    99/111

    W

    W T H

    C

    T H

    W N B

    W N B

    W H

    P F H

    W L N P

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    100/111

    A 2

    F E (CIE A I)

    C

    1. K G L

    2. H / C L

    3. I D

    4. C W D

    5. F P

    6. B W

    7. B W

    8. F W

    9. H W

    10. A B B

    11. B B ()

    12. C O

    13. C L

    14. L C

    15. S L

    16. M D

    17. H D

    18. S D / B

    19. C M ()

    20. S M ()

    21. K M ()

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    101/111

    22. G G

    23. M S

    B

    C

    1. I E

    2. W E

    3. L F

    4. B F

    5. P F

    6. C P

    7. T P

    8. S C

    9. G I B

    10. H B

    11. D P

    C

    1. S P T

    2. I R T

    3. G T

    4. H T

    5. O R T

    6. L T

    7. I S T

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    102/111

    8. M C

    9. G

    10. I M L

    11. M

    12. T D M

    13. I P S T

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    103/111

    A 3

    B E (CIE A II)

    C

    1. R

    2. I P

    3. C B W

    4. P S W

    5. D S W

    6. L C D

    7. M W

    8. F K W

    9. P S D

    10. S D

    11. I O B D

    12. C B D

    13. G W

    14. I W ()

    15. D / A W D

    16. B F

    17. H B B ()

    18. S O

    19. B B

    20. C

    21. J C

    22. P C

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    104/111

    23. S C

    24. W C

    25. E L

    26. F C

    27. W A

    28. A U ()

    29. P U ()

    30. L U ()

    B

    C

    1. B S

    2. C S

    3. L F

    4. G F

    5. W D

    6. C D

    7. O

    8. S

    9. G

    10. E S

    11. B

    12. E B V

    13. G E

    14. G S E

    15. S E

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    105/111

    16. L S E

    17. T E

    18. W B

    19. C B

    20. L B

    21. S E

    22. M H

    23. H H

    24. P H

    25. P H

    26. M H

    27. B W K

    28. L / B V

    29. W V

    30. G V

    31. H G V

    32. L V

    33. P F E

    34. B K

    35. B E

    36. B E

    37. B K

    38. E V

    39. O H B

    40. R V

    41. C S E

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    106/111

    42. H

    43. A F

    44. S F

    45. R F

    46. M

    47. S F

    48. L K

    49. E H

    50. C K

    51. D C

    52. S C

    53. E C

    54. G B

    55. L B

    56. L F

    57. A P

    58. S P

    59. B O

    60. S O

    61. L O

    62. S O

    63. L O

    64. E E O

    65. D E O

    66. C O

    67. A B O

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    107/111

    68. B F O

    69. S O

    70. I S O

    71. P S O

    72. C S O

    73. M S O

    74. O S O

    75. T O

    76. M W O

    77. R L

    78. G A

    . # C

    1. I S T

    2. A T

    3. B R T

    4. I N S T

    5. I M T

    6. S L

    7. I C

    8. I P ()

    9. I S B

    10. T S B

    11. R S B

    12. D / O R S

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    108/111

    13. I C

    14. C A C

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    109/111

    A 4

    F I (CIE A III)

    C

    1. L T M

    2. H M

    3. G J

    4. I F

    5. R F

    6. H F ()

    7. T R F ()

    8. D F ()

    9. P M

    10. B M

    11. M W

    12. S W

    13. H W

    14. H P C

    15. A P C

    16. S I C

    17. I G M

    18. S I M

    19. H / K D ()

    20. B B

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    110/111

    C

    1. R V

    2. A W S

    B

    C

    1. N P

    2. N S / S

    3. C T

    4. E W / W

    5. G H

    6. F D / W P

    7. C E

    8. R D / B R P

    9. F T D

    10. R P

    11. L D

    12. T D

  • 7/25/2019 Bioiversity of Pakistan

    111/111

    A 5

    F C A

    C H CIE A

    1. (F.) L. S:

    .

    H I

    2. (L.) H. S:

    , ,

    F O.

    H II

    3. C. S: T F II

    4. (W H. 1844) H

    1935

    T F II

    5. D H II

    6. H S II

    7. L. S: , . , .

    , . , . , . , .

    , . , ,

    .

    S II

    8. (F.) B. H II

    9. H.. C H II

    10. (L.) R.B. / C T H II