Bioenergy from Petroleum Wastewater Management
1
Bioenergy from Petroleum Wastewater Management Background Conclusions Anaerobic Digestion 1. Figure 1: ABG project diagram by AlgEN and KOTO 2. Figure 2: Facer, George. Edexcel Chemistry Student Guide 2. Place of Publication Not Identified: Philip Allan Updates, 2015. Print. Support for this project was provided by Utah Science Technology and Research (USTAR) and the Synthetic Biomanufacturing Institute (SBI). Autotrophic Algae Culture Heterotrophic Algae Culture [email protected] [email protected] Wastewater derived from petroleum refining is an abundant source of wastewater accounting for 33.6 million barrels per day globally. Currently few wastewater treatment strategies exist to produce value-added products from petroleum refining wastewater. Anaerobic digestion was evaluated using biogas generation in bio-- -methane potential (BMP) assays. Anaerobic digestion of the wastewater demonstrated successful reduction of organic chemicals in the wastewater as measured by the chemical oxygen demand (COD) assay reduction and as measured by biogas production. Anaerobic digestion was demonstrated to reduce the wastewater strength (COD) by an average of 89 mg/L and produced 727 mL of methane (CH4) per liter of wastewater (Table 1). Alan Hodges, Jordan Wanlass, Zak Fica, Jessica VanDarlin, AJ Walters, Ronald Sims Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University These results demonstrated the successful treatment of the petroleum refining wastewater, and also the utilization of the wastewater to produce bioenergy through the cultivation of microalgae on the wastewater as a culture medium for growth. Petroleum refining wastewater therefore can be utilized as a resource for bioenergy production under appropriate management conditions that facilitate the cultivation of mixed culture microalgae in biofilm bioreactors that have been pioneered at Utah State University. In this study, petroleum refining wastewater was obtained from Utah industries. Three value product--producing treatment strategies were tested: (1) phototrophic and naturally occurring mixed culture microalgal biofilm cultivation, (2) anaerobic digestion for bioenergy production, and (3) heterotrophic cyanobacterial (blue-- green algae) biodegradation of organic chemicals in the wastewater. Algal biofilm cultivation and the biomass produced from heterotrophic treatment have been shown to produce value-added products including biofuels, agricultural feed, and other high value bioproducts. Anaerobic digestion has been shown to produce methane rich biogas for energy, heat, and power production. Ideally, these technologies can be used synergistically as seen in Figure 2,3. Figure 1. Typical oil refinery. Sample Set Initial COD Final COD % COD Reduction Biomethane Produced (mL) g CH4 / g COD Algae-Amended Wastewater 193.20 128.00 32.98 218.11 0.34 Wastewater 141.00 51.67 63.36 0.03 0.00 Figure 2. Algae-Based Energy Bioproduction. 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 mg/L COD Week Aerobic Autoclaved Aerobic Cyano + Aerobic Cyano - Anaerobic Autoclaved Anaerobic Cyano + Anaerobic Cyano - Figure 7. Petroleum wastewater heterotrophic bioremediation. Figure 4. Nitrogen uptake by RABR systems. Figure 5. Phosphorus uptake by RABR systems. Figure 6. TSS uptake by RABR systems. Table 1. Gas production during Biomethane potential testing. Figure 8. COD remediation through anaerobic digestion. Autotrophic algae culture proved incapable of reducing organic pollutants in the wastewater. Developing a heterotrophic algae culture was then examined to reduce such constituents. The aerobic autoclaved sample and all anaerobic samples showed no significant change over time. Aerobic treatment successfully decreased COD concentration from 160 to 60 mg/mL. No significant improvement was found by adding LLC2 to the sample (Figure 7). Autotrophic RABR based algae culture proved very successful in the removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and total suspended solids (TSS) (Figures 4-6, respectively). In order to evaluate the treatment ability and bioproduct production of a microalgae culture in petroleum refining wastewater, aerobic Rotating Algal Biofilm Reactor (RABR) cultures were utilized. Each reactor was monitored for changes in nutrients, including nitrogen and phosphorus, and for changes in organic chemical concentrations. Biomass growth was measured through harvesting the biofilm and was produced at a rate of 3.2 g ash free dry weight (AFDW) per square meter of surface area per day. References/Acknowledgements Results of BMP assays highlight the potential for anaerobic digestion to be used to both reduce COD and produce the valuable byproduct of methane gas (Figure 8, Table 1). Objectives Develop a novel treatment strategy that for petroleum wastewater that aids Utah Industry. 1. Reduce nutrient concentration in effluent wastewater 2. Reduce suspended solids concentration in effluent wastewater 3. Reduce organic chemical concentration in effluent wastewater 4. Produce value-added products to help offset costs
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Transcript of Bioenergy from Petroleum Wastewater Management
Bioenergy from Petroleum Wastewater Management
Background
Conclusions
Anaerobic Digestion
1. Figure 1: ABG project diagram by AlgEN and KOTO2. Figure 2: Facer, George. Edexcel Chemistry Student Guide 2. Place of Publication Not Identified: Philip Allan Updates, 2015. Print.
Support for this project was provided by Utah Science Technology and Research (USTAR) and the Synthetic Biomanufacturing Institute (SBI).
Autotrophic Algae Culture
Heterotrophic Algae Culture
[email protected] [email protected]
Wastewater derived from petroleum refining is an abundant source of wastewater accounting for 33.6 million barrels per day globally. Currently few wastewater treatment strategies exist to produce value-added products from petroleum refining wastewater.
Anaerobic digestion was evaluated using biogas generation in bio---methane potential (BMP) assays.
Anaerobic digestion of the wastewater demonstrated successful reduction of organic chemicals in the wastewater as measured by the chemical oxygen demand (COD) assay reduction and as measured by biogas production.
Anaerobic digestion was demonstrated to reduce the wastewater strength (COD) by an average of 89 mg/L and produced 727 mL of methane (CH4) per liter of wastewater (Table 1).
Alan Hodges, Jordan Wanlass, Zak Fica, Jessica VanDarlin, AJ Walters, Ronald Sims
Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University
These results demonstrated the successful treatment of the petroleum refining wastewater, and also the utilization of the wastewater to produce bioenergy through the cultivation of microalgae on the wastewater as a culture medium for growth.
Petroleum refining wastewater therefore can be utilized as a resource for bioenergy production under appropriate management conditions that facilitate the cultivation of mixed culture microalgae in biofilm bioreactors that have been pioneered at Utah State University.
In this study, petroleum refining wastewater was obtained from Utah industries. Three value product--producing treatment strategies were tested: (1) phototrophic and naturally occurring mixed culture microalgal biofilm cultivation, (2) anaerobic digestion for bioenergy production, and (3) heterotrophic cyanobacterial (blue-- green algae) biodegradation of organic chemicals in the wastewater.
Algal biofilm cultivation and the biomass produced from heterotrophic treatment have been shown to produce value-added products including biofuels, agricultural feed, and other high value bioproducts. Anaerobic digestion has been shown to produce methane rich biogas for energy, heat, and power production. Ideally, these technologies can be used synergistically as seen in Figure 2,3.
Figure 1. Typical oil refinery.
Sample Set Initial COD Final COD % COD
ReductionBiomethane
Produced (mL)g CH4 / g
COD
Algae-Amended Wastewater 193.20 128.00 32.98 218.11 0.34
Wastewater 141.00 51.67 63.36 0.03 0.00
Figure 2. Algae-Based Energy Bioproduction.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
mg/
L C
OD
Week
Aerobic Autoclaved Aerobic Cyano +Aerobic Cyano - Anaerobic AutoclavedAnaerobic Cyano + Anaerobic Cyano -
Figure 7. Petroleum wastewater heterotrophic bioremediation.
Figure 4. Nitrogen uptake by RABR systems.
Figure 5. Phosphorus uptake by RABR systems.
Figure 6. TSS uptake by RABR systems.
Table 1. Gas production during Biomethane potential testing.
Figure 8. COD remediation through anaerobic digestion.
Autotrophic algae culture proved incapable of reducing organic pollutants in the wastewater. Developing a heterotrophic algae culture was then examined to reduce such constituents.
The aerobic autoclaved sample and all anaerobic samples showed no significant change over time. Aerobic treatment successfully decreased COD concentration from 160 to 60 mg/mL. No significant improvement was found by adding LLC2 to the sample (Figure 7).
Autotrophic RABR based algae culture proved very successful in the removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and total suspended solids (TSS) (Figures 4-6, respectively).
In order to evaluate the treatment ability and bioproduct production of a microalgae culture in petroleum refining wastewater, aerobic Rotating AlgalBiofilm Reactor (RABR) cultures were utilized. Each reactor was monitored for changes in nutrients, including nitrogen and phosphorus, and for changes in organic chemical concentrations.
Biomass growth was measured through harvesting the biofilm and was produced at a rate of3.2 g ash free dry weight (AFDW) per square meter of surface area per day.
References/Acknowledgements
Results of BMP assays highlight the potential for anaerobic digestion to be used to both reduce COD and produce the valuable byproduct of methane gas (Figure 8, Table 1).
ObjectivesDevelop a novel treatment strategy that for petroleum wastewater that aids Utah Industry.
1. Reduce nutrient concentration in effluent wastewater2. Reduce suspended solids concentration in effluent wastewater3. Reduce organic chemical concentration in effluent wastewater4. Produce value-added products to help offset costs
