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Biodiesel as an alternative fuel

By,

SurajSingh Rajput

and

Somashekhar Mashale

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IntroductionGrowing civilizationWhat is Biodiesel?

12% less energy content

B factor

Can replace petro-diesel with no majoradjustments

Substantial reductions in unburnedhydrocarbons, CO & CO2

Transesterification

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Transesterification

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After Glycerin removal, the biodiesel just needs tobe cleaned/purified before use.

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Specifications of the engine used

for testing:

Engine stroke length: 110mm

Bore diameter: 80mm

No. of cylinders: 1

No. of strokes: 4

Compression ratio: 16.5:1

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Comparison

Property Petro-diesel Neem oil

Density 822 kg/m3 862 kg/m3

Cetane value 50 51Flash point 560 C 1800 C

Fire point 620 C 1950 C

Calorific value 48784 kJ/kg 36200 kJ/kg

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BP v/s A/

0

10

20

3040

50

6070

0 0.5 1 1.5 2

BP

A/F

petro-dies

10%

20%

25%

30%

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BP v/s Exhaust gas temperat

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 0.5 1 1.5 2

BP

Exhaustgastem

perature

petro-dies

10%

20%

25%

30%

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BP v/s Volumetric Efficiency

73

74

75

76

77

78

0 0.5 1 1.5 2

BP

VolumetricEfficienc

Petro-diesel

10%

20%

25%

30%

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BP v/s Thermal Efficie

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 0.5 1 1.5 2

BP

ThermalEfficiency petro-dies

10%

20%

25%

30%

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BP v/s BSF

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

0 0.5 1 1.5 2

BP

BSFC

petro-dies

10%

20%

25%

30%

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AdvantagesAdvantages Easy to use

Power, performance and economy

Reduced emissions and greenhouse

gases Energy balance and energy security

Toxicity, biodegradability, safety &recyclable

Economic development

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Disadvantages

Increased NOx emissions.

Less suitable for use at lowtemperatures.

Reduced fuel economy.Has excellent solvent properties.

Increases pressure on the farm lands.

Spills of biodiesel can decolorize any

painted surface if left for long period.

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Applications As a fuel for vehicles

To supply heat to furnaces

Replacement for home heating fuel

Paint stripper

As a lubricant on a metal lathe

Railway engines

Aircrafts

Commercial boilers

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Conclusion Biodiesel is eco-friendly

The engine used for testing wasunaltered

Advantageous over the conventionalPetro-diesel

B10 is relatively a better choice as analternative for Petro-diesel(100%)

Biodiesel is biodegradable, non-toxic andfree from lead and sulphur

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SuggestionsTo make use of Super Critical Trans-

esterification process, which reducesviscosity of the oil further.

To determine the other properties of thebiodiesel and its blends like Cetanenumber, octane number, lubricity, cloudpoint, pour point, etc.

Performance test is to be made with

alterations in the engine.

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ThankYou