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Biodegredable plastic
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BIO-PLASTICS
PLASTICS FOR FUTURE…
MEGHA YADAVDept. of Biochemistry
Patna UniversitySession – 2012-14
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1) INTRODUCTION
Bio plastics are a form of plastics derived from renewable biomass sources, such as corn, sugar cane, Potatoes etc
Biodegradable plastics can be degraded biologically.
Corn
Sugar Cane
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2) HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
In 1869 a bio plastic comprised of cellulose was used by an American inventor (John Wesley Hyatt) to coat billiard balls.
in the 1920's Henry Ford experimented with the use of soybean based plastics
Bio plastics now come in many forms from cellulose based, to starch based, and are a popular choice for single use items like biodegradable poly bags.
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3) BACKGROUND OF STARCH-BASED POLYMERS
Chemical formula of starch (C6H10O5)n
There are actually two types of starch molecules:
Amylose Amylopectin.
Amylose is essentially linear while Amylopectin has many branches like a tree.
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4) CHEMISTRY OF STARCH AMYLOSE
Amylose molecules consist of single mostly-unbranched chains with 500-20,000 α-(14)-D-glucose units dependent on source.
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B) AMYLOPECTIN Amylopectin is formed by non-random α-1-6
branching of the amylose-type α-(1-4)-D-glucose structure.
Each amylopectin molecule contains a million or so residues
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5) POLYLACTIC ACID (PLA)
Fig: Polylactic acid condensation reaction
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5) VARIETIES OF STARCH
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USES OF BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS
Plastic Type USE
1. Polylactic acid (PLA) Packaging and paper coatings
2. Polyglycolic acid (PGA) Specialized applications; controlled drug releases.
3. Polyhydroxybutyrate(PHB)
Products like bottles, bags, wrapping film etc.
4. Polyvinyl alcohol(PHV)
Packaging and bagging applications which dissolve in water to release products such as laundry detergent, pesticides, and hospital washables
5. Polyvinyl acetate(PVAc
Adhesives, the packaging applications includeboxboard manufacture, paper bags, paper lamination
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5)BEST PARTS OF BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS
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6)DISPOSABLE METHODS ANAEROBIC DIGESTION Methane production as a useful end-
product, compost, is also produced
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7) IN GENERAL OPEN ENVIRONMENT AS LITTER
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8) DEMERITS OF BIODERADABLE PLASTIC
Production cost is very high
Expensive
Precautions are compulsory for storage
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FUTURE OUTLOOK FOR BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS Researchers worldwide are interested
in the area of biopolymer development.
COATED PAPER
AGRICULTURE MULCH FILM
SHOPPING BAGS
Pens and mobile phones
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10) CONCLUSION
Needs our attention and participation
Eco-friendly
Very promising technique for future...
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REFERENCES
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article
http://saferenvironment.wordpress.com
Bioplastic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.htm
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THANK YOU….