BIO200 (1)

CONFIDENTIAL AS/OCT 2006/BI0200

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARAFINAL EXAMINATION

COURSE

COURSE CODE

EXAMINATION

TIME

INTRODUCTION TO TISSUES, CLASSIFICATION OFLIVING THINGS AND ECOLOGY

BIO200

OCTOBER 2006

3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

1. This question paper consists of two (2) parts : PART A (20 Questions)PART B (7 Questions)

2. Answer ALL questions from all two (2) parts.

i) Answer PART A in the Objective Answer Sheet.ii) Answer PART B in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page.

3. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by theinvigilator.

4. Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of:

i) the Question Paperan Answer Booklet - provided by the Facultyan Objective Answer Sheet - provided by the Faculty

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SOThis examination paper consists of 8 printed pages

© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

CONFIDENTIAL 2 AS/OCT 2006/BIO200

PART A (30 MARKS)

1. Which tissue system of the plant body is largely responsible for photosynthesis?

A. Ground tissue systemB. Vascular tissue systemC. Dermal tissue systemD. Primary tissue system

2. The extremely flexible tissue that provides support in soft, nonwoody plants, allowingthem to grow upward is

A. parenchyma tissue.B. collenchyma tissue.C. sclerenchyma tissue.D. dermal tissue.

3. Select the best reason why collagen fibers are abundant in tendons.

A. AbrasionB. ContractilityC. ProtectionD. Strength

4. Which of the following is a function of adipose tissue?

A. Stores nutrients and oxygenB. Cushions internal organsC. Provides for elasticity of organsD. Secretion

5. Clumped dispersion is often influenced by

A. the presence of family groups.B. asexual reproduction in plants or invertebrates.C. limited seed dispersal in plants.D. All of the above.

6. The term (K-N)/K influences dN/dt such that

A. the increase in actual population numbers is greatest when N is small.B. as N approaches K, r, the intrinsic rate of increase, becomes smaller.C. when N equals K, population growth is zero.D. when K is small, the population begins growing exponentially.



7. In the case of comparing birds to other vertebrates, having four appendages is

A. a shared primitive character.B. a shared derived character.C. a character useful for distinguishing the birds from other vertebrates.D. an example of analogy rather than homology.

8. Phenetics

A. is a numerical taxonomy based on phenotypic similarities.B. emphasizes common ancestry.C. emphasizes polyphyletic groups.D. focuses on ancestral characters.

9. Which of the following best explains the meaning of the term ecological niche?

A. The place where a specific organism is always found.B. The place where a specific organism gets its food.C. The place where a specific organism gets shelter.D. The overall method by which an environment is used by a specific organism.

10. All of the following statements about communities are correct EXCEPT

A. Some animal species distributions within a community are linked to otherspecies.

B. The distribution of almost all organisms is probably affected to some extentby both abiotic gradients and interactions with other species.

C. Ecologists refer to species richness as the number of species within acommunity.

D. The trophic structure of a community describes abiotic factors such as rainfalland temperature affecting members of the community.


CONFIDENTIAL AS/OCT 2006/BIO200

13.

Days

11. The figure above provides support for which of the following processes?

A. Secondary successionB. Competitive exclusionC. MutualismD. Resource partitioning

12. A biologist reported that a sample of ocean water had 5 million diatoms of speciesCoscinodiscus centra/is per cubic meter. What was the biologist measuring?

A. RangeB. DensityC. DispersionD. Carrying capacity

The rate of absorption of light energy measured in grassland is 7400 kJ m"2 day"1.Only 1% of this energy is transformed into plant net production. 10% of the netproduction at a trophic level is transferred to the next trophic level. What is the totalenergy that enters the secondary consumer level?

A. 74 kJ m'2 day1

B. 7.4 kJ m-2 day1

C. 0.74 kJ m'2 day1

D. 0.074 kJ m'2 day'1

14. Pyramid of numbers are of limited usefulness because they

A. do not indicate the biomass of the organisms at a given time.B. do not indicate the gross primary productivity of each species.C. do not include energy flow through the ecosystem.D. include three trophic levels.



Use the following figure to answer questions number 15 and 16.

40CH

I 300-CO-•fciO.

200-

< 100-

0-30 20 10 0 -10

Average Temperature (°C)

15. Based on the temperature range and precipitation, the area on the figure labeledthree represents which of the following biomes?

A. SavannaB. Temperate deciduous forestC. TaigaD. Tundra

16. Using the accompanying figure, what is the annual precipitation and temperaturerange for a temperate rain forest?

A. 300-400 cm/yr precipitation and 20°C-30°GB. 200-300 cm/yr precipitation and 20°C-30°CC. 200-300 cm/yr precipitation and 10°C-20°CD. 150-250-cm/yr precipitation and 10°C-20°C

17. If you were to study all of the insect-eating birds in a forest, you would see thatmany birds eat insects, yet you may not see any evidence of competition. What isthe most probable explanation?

A. The birds are exhibiting resource partitioning.B. The birds are exhibiting intraspecific competition only.C. There is no keystone species in this community.D. There is not enough species richness to see evidence of competition.



18. Competitive exclusion is a result of

A. interspecific competition.B. intraspecific competition.C. succession.D. community complexity.

19. A "cohort" in a human life table consists of

A. people who are the same age.B. people who live in the same city.C. people of the same education level.D. people who have the same number of children.

20. Quantities of mineral nutrients in soil of tropical rain forests are relatively lowbecause

A. the standing crop is small.B. microorganisms that recycle chemicals are not very abundant in tropical soils.C. the decomposition of organic refuse and reassimilation of chemicals by plants

occur rapidly.D. nutrient cycles occur at a relatively slow rate in tropical soils.

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PART B (70 MARKS)

QUESTION 1

Explain how the structures of the following tissues are suited to their functions.

a) Parenchyma

b) Xylem

c) Skeletal muscle

d) Transitional epithelium(16 marks)

QUESTION 2

You are given five different specimens that are turtle, horse, wolf, leopard and domestic cat.Construct an appropriate cladogram that reflects the nesting of clades within morecomprehensive clades. Label the derived characters that evolved in the ancestor of eachclade.

(10 marks)

QUESTION 3

a) Name four abiotic components of an ecosystem.(2 marks)

b) Using suitable examples of organism, briefly describe how each of them has adaptedto abiotic factor mentioned above, in its environment.

(8 marks)

QUESTION 4

Explain the difference between:

a) primary succession and secondary succession

b) food web and food chain

c) dominant species and keystone species

d) species richness and relative abundance

e) habitat and niche(10 marks)



QUESTION 5

How have human activities interfered with the nitrogen cycle?(10 marks)

QUESTION 6

Draw and fully label the zonation in the marine environment and state one type ofcommunity present in each zone.

(9 marks)

QUESTION 7

The graph below shows changes in the number of the commercial catch of male crabs over40-years period at Fort Bragg, California.

730,000Ol^J3

10,000-

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990Year

a) Describe the changes in the number of the commercial catch of male crabs duringthe experiment.

(1 mark)

b) Suggest why these changes occurred.(4 marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER


BIO200 (1)

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