Bio 120 pp presentation ch 12
-
Upload
patienceglavin -
Category
Health & Medicine
-
view
441 -
download
2
Transcript of Bio 120 pp presentation ch 12
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
-stroke
Types of strokeThere are two main types of stroke-
Ischemic stroke: is due to the direct blockage of blood flow through the cerebral arteries.
Hemorrhagic stroke: is a rupture of a blood vessel in the brain, causing increased pressure in the brain and subsequent brain damage.
Ischemic stroke
The blockage of blood flow through the cerebral arteries can be due to-
Thrombosis: where a clot forms at the site of blockage OR
Embolus: where the clot forms in a remote area and then travels to the site of blockage
Transient Ischemic stroke (TIA)
In some patients, normal body processes will break up a blood clot in the brain.
When stroke symptoms go away on their own in less than 24 hours, the event is called a transient ischemic stroke.
Common Signs and Symptoms of Stroke
Hemiparesis- sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the body
Hemiplegia- loss of movement and sensation on one side of the body
Left Hemisphere
If the left cerebral hemisphere has been affected by a stroke the patient may have a speech disorder called- APHASIA
Some patients will be able to understand the question but cannot produce the right sounds so as to provide an answer
Some patients will have trouble understanding speech but be able to speak clearly.Example: Question “What day is it today?” In
response the patient may say “Green”
Aphasia
Receptive aphasia- Difficulty understanding others
Expressive aphasia- Difficulty expressing thoughts or inability to speak
Right Hemisphere
Usually patients will be able to understand language and be able to speak, but their words may be slurred and hard to understand.Dysarthria- Slurred speech
Hemorrhagic Stroke
Because of long-term high blood pressure blood vessels in the brain weaken.
If a vessel ruptures, the bleeding in the brain will increase pressure inside the cranium.
Aneurysm
Aneurysm- is a swelling or enlargement of part of an artery resulting from weakening of the arterial wall.
A common symptom of an aneurysm is sudden onset of CEPHALALGIACephalalgia- severe headache
Treatment for Stroke
Thrombolytic therapy may reverse stroke symptoms or stop the stroke if given within 2-3 hours of the onset of symptoms
These therapies cannot be given to patients with hemorrhagic strokes.