BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to...
-
Upload
neal-doyle -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
0
Transcript of BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to...
![Page 1: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
BIO 1110
1
![Page 2: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities.
Tissues can be solid, semi-solid or liquid. From conception until approximately day 14,
all cells look and function the same (undifferentiated=stem cells).
Around day 15 post conception, cells start to differentiate or take on new characteristics. This is the start of tissue formation.
2
![Page 3: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Histology is the study of tissues.There are 4 main types of tissues in the
human body: Epithelial Connective Muscular Nervous
3
![Page 4: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Tightly packed cells arranged in continuous single or multi-layered sheets.
Characteristics: Avascular- without blood vessels.
Epithelium gets nutrients from the adjacent connective tissue.
Bottom surface of epithelium is attached to the basement membrane (fibers that act like glue)
Has a nerve supply.
4
![Page 5: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
This type of tissue is found on the outer covering of the skin and some internal organs as well as lining body cavities and some internal hollow organs.
There are 9 different types of lining/covering epithelium. Epithelial tissue is classified based on the
number of cell layers present and the shape of the cells of the tissue.
![Page 7: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Simple-- Single layer of tightly
packed cells
Stratified-- 2 or more layers of
tightly packed cells
7
![Page 8: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Pseudostratified Looks like many layers
because not all cells reach the surface and the nuclei lie at different levels
8
![Page 9: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
SquamousThin, flat and irregularly shaped
Cuboidal Square/cube shaped
Columnar taller than wide
Transitional change shape due to stretching or movement of
body parts
9
![Page 10: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
A single layer of tightly packed thin, flat, irregularly shaped cells
Location: Lines the blood vessels Forms the peritoneum, pericardium and
pleural linings Found in the air sacs of lungs (alveoli)
Function: Allows for easy diffusion of gases and blood
components
![Page 11: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Simple Squamous – Top View – found in the walls of capillaries and alveoli of lungs
![Page 12: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
A single layer of tightly packed cube shaped cells.
Location: Lines kidney tubules, ducts of glands, and
secreting parts of glands
Function: Secretion (force materials out of the cells)
and absorption (pull materials into the cells)
![Page 14: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Simple Cuboidal Epithelial Tissue – this is of ducts of the kidney
![Page 15: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
A single layer of tightly packed rectangular cells Can be non-ciliated or ciliated (tiny hairs) Non-ciliated have microvilli (finger-like
projections) on the free surface of the cellsNon-ciliated Location:
Lines the gastrointestinal tract (from stomach to anus)Non-ciliated Function:
Secretion and absorption Microvilli increase surface area 200-300 times for
absorption
![Page 18: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
04/20/23 18
![Page 19: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Ciliated Location: Lines tubes of the respiratory tract,
fallopian tubes, and ventricles of the brainCiliated Function:
The cilia beat in unison to move substances outside the cell like mucus and egg cells.
![Page 20: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Simple Columnar Non-Ciliated Epithelial Tissue - This is a cross section through the small intestine – for absorption – microvilli on surface of cells
![Page 21: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
A single layer of tightly packed columnar cells that appear to be multi-layered
Location: Ciliated- Lines respiratory tract Non-ciliated- Male urethra
Function: Ciliated- moves materials across the apical
surface of a tissue. Non-ciliated- Absorb and protect
![Page 24: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Multiple layers of tightly packed squamous epithelial cells.
Location: Areas that are subject to much “wear
and tear”.▪ Upper layers are designed to be shed and
replaced.
Function: Protection
![Page 26: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Two layers of cube shaped epithelial cells
RareLocation:
Lining the ducts of glands found in the esophagus
Function: Moderate protection from the stomach
acid that refluxes
![Page 28: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Multiple layers of columnar epithelial cells Rare Only the layer closest to the lumen
(opening in a duct) is columnar in shape. The outer layers are somewhat squashed.
Location: Lining the ducts of glands lining the esophagus
Function: Moderate protection from stomach acid that
refluxes
![Page 30: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Epithelial tissue that has a variable shape
Can stretch and relax multiple times without being damaged
Location: Lines the urinary bladderFunction: Protection
![Page 32: BIO 1110 1. Tissues: A group of similar cells, having a similar origin, and functioning together to carry out specialized activities. Tissues can.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649eff5503460f94c13c97/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)