Bicomponent fibers
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Transcript of Bicomponent fibers
BICOMPONENT FIBERS
Prepared By : Mazadul Hasan sheshirID: 201000040000813th Batch (session 2009-2013)Department : Wet Processing Technology Email: [email protected] : www. Textilelab.blogspot.com (visit)
Southeast University Department Of Textile Engineering
I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh
Prepared By :
Total Textile Process at a Glance
BICOMPONENT FIBERS The first commercial bicomponent application in the mid 1960s
Bicomponent fibers can be defined as "extruding two
polymers from the same spinneret, that is, both
polymers contained within the same filament.” The
term "conjugate fibers" is often used, particularly in
Asia, as synonymous with bicomponent fibers.
Bicomponent fibers are commonly classified by their
Definition:
Bicomponent fiber is comprised of two polymers of different chemical and / or physical properties extruded from the same spinneret with both polymers within the same filament.
fiber cross-section structures as:
1.Side-by-Side,
2.Sheath and Core
3.Islands-in-the-Sea and
4.Segmented-pie cross-section types
5.Tipped
6.Mixed Fiber
7.Micro Fiber
Advantages of Bicomponent Thermal Binder Fibers•Uniform distribution of adhesive •Fiber remains a part of structure and adds integrity •Customized sheath materials to bond various materials •Wide range of bonding temperatures •Cleaner, environmentally friendly (no effluent) •Recyclable •Lamination / molding / densification of composites.
Common Polymer Combinations in Bicomponent Thermal Binder Fibers
1. Polyester Core (250C melt point) with Copolyester Sheath (melt
points of 110C to 220C) 2. Polyester Core (250C melt point) with Polyethylene Sheath
(130C melt point) 3. Polypropylene Core (175C melt point) with Polyethylene Sheath
(130C melt point)
Bicomponent Fiber Capabilities
Bicomponents can provide:
1. Thermal bonding
2. Self bulking
3. Very fine fibers
4. Unique cross sections 5. The functionality of special polymers or additives at
reduced cost
POLYMERS
The polymers given below can be used as either of the components in the cross sections
PET (polyester) PEN polyester
Nylon 6,6 PCT polyester
Polypropylene PBT polyester
Nylon 6 co-polyamides
Polylactic acid polystyrene
Acetal polyurethane
Soluble co polyester HDPE, LLDPE
Worldwide, Japan and Korea led in bicomponent output with a total of 200 million
pounds annually. The production of the U.S. is currently around 60 million pounds
with Hoechst Celanese holding the lead. Other U.S. players in the Bicomponent
sector include Foss manufacturing, International Polymers Inc. and Fiber Visions.
The present production of bicomponent fibers worldwide is only a fraction of the
25 million metric tons of manmade fiber market, but the producers are confident
of significant growth in the next 10 years or so .
PRODUCERS
These fibers contain two components lying side-by-side. Generally, these fibers consist of two components divided along the length into two or more distinct regions.
Sheath-core Bicomponent
fibers are those fibers where
one of the componentsis fully
surrounded by the second
component.
These fibers are widely used
as bonding fibers in
Nonwoven industry.
Bicomponent Fibers Variants
Islands-in-the-Sea
Islands-in-the-Sea Sixteen Segment Pie
MATRIX-FIBRIL BICOMPONENT FIBERS
These are also called islands-in-the-sea fibers. Technically these are complicated structures to make and use. In cross section, they are areas of one polymer in a matrix of a second polymer. These types of bicomponent structure facilitate the generation of micro denier fibers. The ‘islands' are usually a melt spinnable polymer such as nylon, polyester or polypropylene. Polystyrene water-soluble polyesters and plasticized or saponified polyvinyl alcohol can form the sea or matrix. The finer deniers that can be obtained are normally below 0.1 denier
Nanofibers from splitting bicomponent fibers
SEGMENTED PIE STRUCTURE
PET
Nylon
Figure
Standard pie wedge fiber
Nylon
PET
Figure 6 Figure 7
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