BIBLIOGRAPHY

PRIMARY SOURCES

Most of the primary sources used for this study are inform of correspondences in

Marathi, Rajasthani, Persian and English by Maratha rulers, their associates,

administrators and reporters posted in the local ruler's courts as well as

representatives of British and other powers in the Maratha ruler's court.

MARATHI

Correspondences in Marathi from the very beginning of Peshwa's campaign in

Central India are the richest collection for the entire period of the study. Separate

series of correspondence deal with Peshwa, Holkar and Shinde's day-to-day

engagements ranging from military campaigns, movement of Maratha Sardars in

the localities. Of Central India, fast changing situation in the courts of local elites,

payment of tribute etc. As the period progresses these correspondences are richer

in detail about day-to-day movement of Maratha army on various fronts and results

of Maratha military operations against the local powers.

Unpublished Contemporary Sources

Gulgule Daftar (Transcribed typescript m Devnagari Marathi), Shri Natnagar

Shodh Samsthan, Sitamau (MP)

Contemporary Published Sources

Dishkalkar, DB (ed.), Historical Papers ofSindhias ofGwalior, Satara, 1934

Joshi, P M (ed.), Selections From the Peshwa Daftar (New Series), 3 Vols,

Mumbai, 1957-62

Joshi, R M (ed.), Poona Akhbars, 3 Vols., Central Record Office, Hyderabad

Government, 1953

Parasnis, DB (ed.), Maheshwar Darbarchi Batmi Patren, 2 Vols, Mumbai, 1910

312

Phalke, A B (ed.), Shindeshahica Itihasachin Sadhnen, Vol. I, Gwalior, 1929-37

Sardesai, G S (ed.) Selections from the Peshwa Daftar, Relevant Volume, Bombay,

1930-34

Sardesai, G S (ed.), Historical Papers Relating to Mahadji Shinde, Gwalior, 1937.

Thakur, V V(ed.), Holkarshahica Itihasachi Sadhne (Historical Documents ofthe

Holkars ), Vol.1, Indore, 1944

Vad, R B G C, and DB Parasnis(eds.), Selections from The Satara Rajas and The

Peshwas Diaries, Relevant Volumes, Poona and Bombay, 1905 -11

Marwar - Maratha Aitihasik Patravali (Translation of Marathi Newsletters, 1785-

94, sent by Peshwa's Vakil Krishnaji Jagannath from the Jodhpur Court by

DB Chirsagar, original Marathi Text published in Itihas Sangraha, 1914-

15 by D B Parasnis) in Parampara, vol.93-94 published by Rajasthani

Shodh Sansthan, Chopasani, Jodhpur, 1990

RAJASTHAN!

In Rajasthani, Marathas ruler's official correspondences called Kharitas are

addressed to local Rajput rulers and chieftains. The Kharitas sent by Peshwa,

Shinde and Holkar for the entire period of study are available in the Rajasthan

State Archive, Bikaner. They are very comprehensive and focused messages from

Marathas to Jaipur rulers about their demands and requests besides routine letters.

Details in the Kharitas pertain to Maratha pressure for regular tribute payment and

disputed territories in Rajasthan.

Another set of Rajasthani records called Dastur Kaumvar are records of men from

different regions visiting Jaipur state, Dastur· Deekhni in the same series lists

Maratha visitors of high and low ranks to the Jaipur court. These recor~s add to

existing perception of the level of contact betvyeen Marathas and Jaipur ruler

through out the period of the study.

313

Unpublished Contemporary Sources

l.Kharitas of Gwalior State (1750-1800), Rajasthan State Archive, Bikaner

2. Kharitas oflndore State (1750-1800), Rajasthan State Archive, Bikaner

3.Dastur Deekhni (1750-1800) under Dastur Kaumbar collection, Rajasthan State

Archive, Bikaner

Contemporary Published Sources

Kharita: Gawalior-Jaipur, Bikaner-Jaipur and Karauli-Jaipur, Rajasthan State

Archive, Bikaner, 1977

HINDI

Kelkar, K ~. Atharahvi Sati Ke Hindi Patra, Mathura, 1970

Sinh, Raghubir (ed.) Selection from the Peshwa Daftar (New Series), Hindi

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EUROPEAN LANGUAGE (ENGLISH)

Among English Sources Foreign Department Records from the late 1750s onwards

provides supportive evidence on Maratha campaigns in northern Malwa,

Bundelkhand and Doab regions during the period after the Battle of Panipat.

Correspondences of English Agents at Shindes court as well as those at Poona

Court carry much more analytical information and see Maratha developments very

critically. Among all contemporary sources English sources are very mature as far

as description of contemporary events are concerned

Unpublished Sources

Foreign Department Records (Political & Secret), 1756-1783, National Archive of

India, New Delhi

314

Contemporary Published Sources

Sarkar, J N ( ed.), Mahadji Sindhia and North Indian Affairs, 1785-1794, Poona

Residency Correspondence, Vol.-1, Mumbai, 1936

Sinh, Raghubir ( ed. ), Selections from Sir C W Malet 's Letter-Book, 1780-1784,

Poona Residency Correspondence, Extra Volume, Mumbai, 1940

Smith, L F, A Sketch of The Rise, Progress and Termination of the Regu-lar Corps

Formed and Commanded by Europeans (Calcutta, 1804-05), Typed

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PERSIAN )

TranslatiOns of Persian Akhbarats (newsletters) and correspondences by

Jadunath Sarkar for the period after Panipat also provide extensive details

on Maratha campaigns in Malwa and Rajasthan. Maratha newswriters

stationed at Delhi court wrote most of these Persian correspondences. There

are also Persian newsletters from the camps of Mahadji Shinde, Jaipur

court as well as from Delhi court for the entire period of Lalsot campaign in

1787 and Mahadji Shinde's campaign in Rajasthan in 1790-91.

Contemporary Published Sources

Persian Records of Maratha History, 2 Vols Sarkar, J N (trans. From Persian

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Volume I Delhi Affairs, 1761-1788

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Ahwal-i-Khawaqin, Setu Madhavrao, P, (trans. From Persian into English with

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315

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