Bharti Medical Textile
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Transcript of Bharti Medical Textile
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Medical Textile
Bharti Pahuja
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TextileTechnology
MedicalScience
Medical
Textiles
Textile materials and products that have been
engineered to meet particular needs, are suitable for any
medical and surgical application
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INTRODUCTION
Medical textiles is an emerging sector of technicaltextiles industry and its growth is increasing due toconstant improvements in healthcare as well as
innovations in the textile field.
Materials used include monofilament and
multifilament yarns, woven, knitted, and nonwoven
fabrics, and composite structures.
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PROPERTIES OF MEDICAL FIBRE
Non Toxic.
Non-allergenic.
Non-carcinogenic.
Ability to be sterilized
Strength
Elasticity
DurabilityBiocompatibility
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FIBRES USED
May be classified depending on whether the materials from
which they are made are Natural or synthetic,
Biodegradable or nonbiodegradable.
Natural Fibres:-cotton, silk and regenerated cellulosic fibres(viscose rayon)
Synthetic Fibres:- polyester, polyamide, PTFE, polypropylene,carbon, glass,
Biodegradable fibres:- absorbed by the body within 23 monthsafter implantation and include cotton, viscose rayon collagen,
and alginate.
Non Biodegradable fibres:- slowly absorbed within the body andtake more than 6 months to degrade are considered includepolyester , polypropylene, PTFE and carbon
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SPECIALTYFIBRE
Collogen
Calcium alginate
Chitin
Chitosan
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NON-IMPLANTABLE MATERIALS
These materials are used for external applications
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WOUND CAREPROTECT THE WOUND FROM MECHANICAL INJURY
PREVENT CONTAMINATION FROM BLOODY DISCHARGE
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BANDAGE
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EXTRACORPOREAL DEVICES
Extracorporeal devices are mechanical organs that are
used for blood purification and include the artificial
kidney , the artificial liver, and the mechanical
lung.
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Artificial skin
Vascular implant
Soft Tissue implant
Orthopedic implant Dental implant
Implants
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KEYFACTORS
Porosity : determines the rate at which humantissue will grow and encapsulate the implant.
Better encapsulation of small circular fibres withhuman tissue than larger fibres with irregularcross sections
No release of toxic substances by the fibre polymer
Should be free from surface contaminants such aslubricants and sizing agents.
Biodegradable
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SUTURE
For wound closure are either monofilament or
multifilament threads.
Classified as biodegradable and Non Biodegradable
Should posses Breaking Strength and Pliability
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Soft-tissue implants
The strength and flexibility characteristics of
textile materials make them particularly suitable
for soft-tissue implants. A number of surgical applications utilize these
characteristics for the replacement of tendons,
ligaments, and cartilage in both reconstructive
and corrective surgery.
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CARDIOVASCULAR IMPLANTS
Vascular grafts are produced frompolyester (e.g. Dacron) or PTFE (e.g.Teflon) with either woven or knittedstructures.
Polyester vascular grafts can be heat setinto a crimped configuration that improvesthe handling characteristics.
Knitted vascular grafts have a porous
structure which allows the graft to becomeencapsulated with new tissue but theporosity can be disadvantageous sinceblood leakage can occur through theinterstices directly after implantation.
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HEALTHCARE/HYGIENE PRODUCTS
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SURGICAL GOWNS AND SURGICAL DRAPES
ARE USED:
To protect patients and
hospital staff from wound
infections. To protect nurses, surgeons
and the surgical team
from liquid contaminations.
To diminish the risk to theoperating staff from blood-
borne infective agents carried
in blood or body fluids.
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CONCLUSION
Textile materials are very important in all aspects of
medicine and surgery and the range and extent of
applications to which these materials are used is a
reflection of their enormous versatility.
Advances in fibre science have resulted in a new
breed of wound dressing which contribute to the
healing process.
Advanced composite materials containing
combinations of fibres and fabrics have been
developed for applications where biocompatibility and
strength are required.
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THANK YOU!!!