Between The WarsBetween The WarsBetween The WarsBetween The Wars

1918-19391918-1939

Treaty of Versailles• Chart • Template on Treaty

Russian Revolution• See separate PowerPoint• Template on Russian Revolution• Story of the Royal Family

The 1920s• Annotated reading Ch. 13 section 1• Graphic Organizer on:

– “Changes in Society”– Changes in Culture”

• P. 426 text – Changes in Art– Cubism– Abstract Art– Pablo Picasso

The Rise of MussoliniThe Rise of MussoliniThe Rise of MussoliniThe Rise of Mussolini

Setting• Location: Italy• Time period: 1919-1920• How Italy Felt after Treaty of V

– Disillusioned/Angry– Economy Shambles – Gov’t corrupt– Treaty gave Italy small piece of land

promised• Other pieces – Yugoslavia

Disorder in Civilian Population

• Riots• No work• Taxes rose

Mussolini Rises to Power

• 1919 organized veterans, civilians, unhappy Italians

• Created Facist Party unhappy & discontent

• Nickname: Il Duce – Suppressed Parties– Silenced Press– Rigged Elections– Replaced officials with Facist ones

His Promises• Kick out corrupt gov’t• Restore Order• Return Italy “Glory Days” =

Ancient Rome

Early “Foot Soldiers”• Combat Squads Black shirts

– Street thugs– Personal Army

• Favored– Violence Power based on violence = fear

• Why others joined Facist Party– Disillusioned with the gov’t after WWI

1922, Rome• Gained power

– Marches & Demands king make concessions during WWI

– True Ruler King Emaunel II – “M” popular

– 10/30/1922 King asks for “M” to govern with him

Rise of HitlerRise of HitlerRise of HitlerRise of Hitler

Early Years• WWI Vet

– Got wounded = V.A. Hospital

• Hated Treaty of Versailles

Brown Shirts• Formed in 1923

– Social misfits/private thugs

• Jailed in 1923 “Beer Hall Push”– writes Mein Kempf (My Struggle) in

jail• Accurate plan of Jewish people and

German superiority

“T of V”• Believed it was unfair (blame, arms

reduction)– Also Germany = bigger – crowds needed

more land – E. Europe & Russia to expand– Great Depression hits already bad there

• Pres. Von Hindenburg dies– Next day = Hitler becomes new leader of

Germany

New Germany• Third Reich = “Master race” last

1000 years– Get men work = large public works

10,000s get jobs ($) Infrastructure– Rebuilt & rearmed military

New Germany (cont.)• Totalitarian State

– Brown Shirts & Black Shirts (Gestapo) – Fear, spies, scapegoats

• “Nuremberg Laws” (V.T.) 1935• “Night of Broken Glass” 1935