Better Standards, Better Life IAGA 2010, China Changchun A Proposal for a APMP Key Comparison of a...

Better Standards, Better Life

IAGA 2010, China Changchun

A Proposal for a APMP Key Comparison of a Scalar Quantum Magnetometers

in the Geomagnetic Range

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS)

Po Gyu Park

V. Ya. Shifrin

D. I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology(VNIIM)


Taking into consideration Resolution 4 of the 21st CGPM

concerning the need to use SI units in studies of Earth resources, the

environment, human well-being and related issues.

Geomagnetic Observatories has presently a worst case accuracy level

of a few nanotesla and that it is necessary to obtain an accuracy at the

level of 0.1 nT. We would like to ask for you support in organizing

within the APMP a key comparison of magnetic flux density(MFD)

standards in the geomagnetic range from 20 μT to 100 μT.

I. Introduction


This idea was approved at the 22nd CCEM meeting CCEM/WGKC/2000-

12). However it has not been realized till now at the CCEM level.

We are asking for your support in organizing and running the comparison

campaign, in which KRISS and VNIIM could be co-pilots laboratories, with 4

to 6 participating countries of the APMP region and we expect also

participation in this comparison not only of the National Metrology Institutes

(NMI), but also the Earth’s Magnetic Field (EMF) observatories.

I. Introduction


Meter Convention

CGPMCGPM

•CIPM

BIPMBIPM

•Consultative Committees•Consultative Committees•Regional Metrology

Organizations (RMOs)

•Regional Metrology

Organizations (RMOs)

•National Metrology Institutes (NMIs)•National Metrology Institutes (NMIs)

•48 Member countries

•Held every 4 years

•Held every year

CGPM (Conference Generale des Poids et Mesures,

General Conference of Weights and Measures)

APMPEUROMET

KRISS, NIST

CIPM (Comit'e Internationale des Poids et Mesures, International Committee on Weights and Measures)

BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, International Bureau of Weights and Measures]

CCEM, CCL, CCM


•RMO : Regional Metrology Organization

EURAMET SIM SADCMET COOMET APMP

•RCAB : Regional Coop. of Accreditation Body

EA : Europe IAAC : America SADCA : Africa CAS-MAS-Q APLAC : Asia

•BIPM/CIPM •ILAC

•국제표준기구


CIPM-ILAC MoU : Signed on November 3, 2001 IAF-ILAC-ISO MoU : Signed on March 25, 2004 ILAC-OIML MoU : Signed on November 12, 2006 Common Statement and Declaration by BIPM, OIML and ILAC :

Signed on January 23, 2006

•국제표 International Accreditation Forum International Organization of Legal Metrology

• 준력 International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation


VARIOUS RMOs OF THE WORLDIt was left to the regional metrology organizations (RMOs) to develop guidelines

for acceptable quality systems. In case of our laboratory RMO is Asia Pacific Metrology Program (APMP).


II. Motivations (technical limitations)

1. Shielded proton gyromagnetic ratio - Physical fundamental constant ; P(gamma prime p)

definition : pure water(H20), spherical shape, 25oC - Proton and Overhauser magnetometers used to Kerosene, Alcohol, etc (cylin. shape) 2. Optical pumping magnetometer(Cs, K, Rb..): vapor gas, no absolute(relative) 3. Phase shifts : NMR signal damping 4. Heading Error (magnetic impurities in sensors, use extremely low magnetic permeability) * Overhauser : omnidirectional sensor (no dead zone and no heading error:theory) * Some optically pumped magnetometers have an inherent heading error5. Reference Frequency ( proton : 0.0426 Hz - 1 nT)

'p P B


• Transfer std. scalar magnetometers (Proton, Cs , K…) from participators to KRISS

* KRISS, VNIIM, NIM(China), NPLI(India), Kakioka?(Japan), NMIA?(Australia), CMC?(Tiwan), SIRIM?(Maleysia)

• Comparison between KRISS/VNIIM std scalar magnetometers

• KRISS/VNIIM report for KC (protocol and KC results-draftA, B)

• Corrections of measurement data and evaluate the measurement uncertainties for each scalar magnetometer.

III. Process of KC (APMP.EM.M-X)

* Participation deadline : 31 Oct. 2010


KRISS/VNIIM

NMI1

NMI4

NMI2

NMI3

EMFobs2

EMFobs3

EMFobs1

EMFobs2

EMFobs1

EMFobs2

EMFobs3

EMFobs1

EMFobs1

EMF std

EMF stdNo EMF std

No EMF std

Scalar magnetometers (proton, Cs, K,…) send to KRISS for KC

Process of KC (APMP.EM.M-X)


Traceability of MFD standards at KRISS

ObservatoryLab.

Cs-AMR

controller

Frequencysynthesizer

Phase comparator

50 m

AMR main current source

Current sources

NonmagneticLab.

Solenoid

Cs

Ver

E - WN-S

GPS Freq. Std.

+-

+ -

U0

0

Oil bath

He AMRmagnetometer

He

Main 3-component coils

Auxiliary 3-component coils

T.V. EMF compensation

P.M EMF compensation

Cs

Currentreproducing set

IV. Magnetic Flux Density Standard (KRISS)


Photograph of KRISS MFD std


Magnetic Flux Density Standard (VNIIM)

•Сs

•He

•Cs

•Сs-АМR•sensor

•Frequency •synthesizer

• •Magnetometer •to calibrate

•Phase detector

•Computer

•.

•Current •stabilizer

•(horizontal)•Current

•stabilizer •(vertical)

•Current stabilizer•E-W

•Сs-АМR•sensor•

•StandardСs-He• magntometer

• Frequency •synthesizer

•Phase detector

• Two-volume MFD stabilizer•One-volume MFD stabilizer•3-component MFD

coils•3-component MFD coils

•MFD-gradient•compensator

•AC-MF•compen-

•sator

•Voltage •calibrator

•6-component•dipoles and •coils system

•Correcting variations•coils


Photograph of VNIIM MFD std


VI. CCEM KC Results (2001, CCEM.M-K1, DC)

•KRISS VNIIM


•V. Ya. Shifrin, Po Gyu Park et al., “Experimental estimation of the accuracy of medern scalar quantum magnetometer…”, Phys. Ear. Plan. Inter. 166(2), pp.147-152(2008).


VII. Discussion

♦ Proposal to organize APMP comparisons of the magnetic flux density standards in a geomagnetic range from 20 µТ to 100 µТ with KRISS and VNIIM co-pilot laboratories(Type A:(0.1 – 0.02) nT, B:(0.1 – 0.2 ) nT)♦ Participation in this key comparison not only of the National Metrology Institutes (NMI), but also the Geomagnetic Observatories.♦ KRISS, VNIIM, NIM(China), NPLI(India), Kakioka?(Japan), NMIA?(Australia), CMC?(Tiwan), SIRIM?(Malaysia)♦ Participation deadline : 31 Oct. 2010


1. V. Ya. Shifrin, Po Gyu Park et al., “Experimental estimation of the accuracy of medern scalar quantum

magnetometer…”, Phys. Ear. Plan. Inter. 166(2), pp.147-152(2008).

2. P. G. park, Y. G. Kim, V. Ya. Shifrin, "Maintenance of Magnetic Flux Density Standards on the Basis of Proton

Gyromagnetic Ratio at KRISS" IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 54(2), pp.734-737(2005).

3. V. Ya. Shifrin, V.N.Khorev, A.Ye.Shilov and P.G.Park, “The long-term stability of an atomic magnetic

resonance standard system…’, IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 52(2), pp.433-435(2003).

4. P. G. Park, Y. G. Kim, V. Ya. Shifrin, and V. N. Khorev, "Precise standard system for low dc magnetic field

reproduction", Rev. Sci. Instrum., 73(8), pp.3107-3111(2002).

5. V. Ya. Shifrin, E. B. Alexandrov, T. I. Chikvadze, V. N. Khorev, Po Gyu Park, “Magnetic flux density standard

for geomagnetometer”, Metrologia, 37(3), pp.219-227 (2000).

6. V. Ya. Shifrin, Po Gyu Park, V. N. Khorev, Chang Ho Choi, C. S. Kim, “A New Low-Field Determination of

the Proton Gyromagnetic Ratio in Water”, IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 47(3), pp.638-643(1998).

7. V. Ya. Shifrin, Po Gyu Park, Cheol Gi Kim, V.N. Khorev, Chang Ho Choi, “Experimental Determination of the

Gyromagnetic Ratio of the He-4 Atom in Terms of that of the He-3 Nucleus”, IEEE. Trans. Meas. Instrum

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 46(2), pp. 97-100 (1997).8. P. J. Mhor, B. N. Taylor and D. B. Newell, “CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constant : 2006”, Rev. Mod. Phys., vol. 80,pp. 633~730, April~ June 20089. K. Weyand, “Draft B for key comparison CCEM.M-K1, Magnetic flux density by means of a transfer standard coil”, PTB, Oct., 2003.

References


The End

Thank you


Realization of magnetic field unit

Magnetic flux density (B, T = Wb/m2)

1. B generated by a solenoid with known dimensions :

carrying a current known in terms of A90

(T90 ∝ A90 ∝ e)

2. B determined by measuring the force on a conductor

with known dimensions : carrying a current known

in terms of A90 (T90 ∝ 1/A90 ∝ 1/e)

3. B determined by measuring the NMR frequency of

a spherical H2O sample with the proton gyromagnetic ratio

( T90 ∝(h/ 5 )1/2)

*B.N Taylor, IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., 50(2), pp.563-567, April(2001)

'p P B

O SI Unit : Wb, T, A/mX CGS : Mx. G, Oe

B = oKBI

F = BIL


Traceability of magnetic flux density standards KRISS

Traceability of MFD standards at KRISS

• NMR & Electromagnet : 40 mT - 2.5 T• Helmholtz coil : 1 mT – 40 mT• Low MFD standard : below 1.2 mT

Nonmagnetic facilities

EMF compensation

Precision quartz solenoid

KRISS/VNIIMp , 4He

determination

NMR standardmagnetometer

Frequency standard

AMR standard magnetometer

Electromagnet(high-field

range)

DC-current standard

Solenoid, EMF-com.(low-field range)

Helmholtz coil(medium-field range)

Calibration of the magnetometer, MF-sources

(20 T ~ 2.5 T)

p 4He

'p P B

ω4He=γ4He∙B

KRISS-VNIIM Results

P = 2.675 154 18 x 108 s-1 T-1 (0.18 x 10-6)

3He = 2.037 895 61 x 108 s-1 T-1 (0.18 x 10-6)

4He = 1 760.788 19 x 108 s-1 T-1 (0.18 x 10-6)

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