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8/7/2019 Beta Analytic Presentation at NNFCC Conference - Linking Bio-Based Materials to Renewable Energy Production
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Carbon 14, what is it and how is it measured?Quantifying Biobased Content of Materials Using ASTM-D6866
Alex ShroffBeta Analytic Inc.
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Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
March 1st 2011Linking Bio-based Materials to Renewable Energy Production
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Overview
Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
Background of Biobased
Background of ASTM D6866
Use in certification of Biobased products
Applications of ASTM D6866
Background of Beta Analytic
Conclusion
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
What is Biobased ?
US Department of Agricultures
definition:
ASTM-D6866 results are to be consistent with this definition
Carbonates of natural mineral origin are to be excluded
Mass of component is factored out
Renewably Sourced Carbon
Total Organic Carbon
A single value is applicable across industries
Premise: Use less petroleum
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
Naturally occurring
in all biomass,absent in fossil fuels
ASTM D6866 measures it.
Carbon-14Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
Carbon-14 is ubiquitous in all living things.
But it doesnt stick around.
It slowly and gradually decays away after death, so that by50,000 years theres none left.
Coal and fossil-derived materials do not have any
carbon-14 whereas biomass does.
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
Biomass CO2
Fossil Fuel CO2
Take a good look, Identical?
Carbon-14
Theyre NOT the same!
No Carbon-14
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
STEP 1: Ongoing formation and decay of radiocarbon within the atmosphere
Nitrogen ( 14N ) + cosmic neutrons Radiocarbon (14C)
Radiocarbon immediately oxidizes Carbon dioxide (14CO2)
The radiocarbon immediately starts to decay (T1/2 = 5730 years)
14N + n 14C
14C Decay 14CO2
Constant amount of radiocarbon
in the atmosphere as CO2
STEP 2: Radiocarbon is removed from the atmosphere by plants
STEP 3: Disequilibrium begins upon death
The Radiocarbon Cycle
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
0 50,000 yrs
If it were 100%petroleum derived
If it were 50 % corn-based &50% petroleum derived
Regardless of the percentage oftotal carbon in the product
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
ASTM-D6866 is a standardization of
radiocarbon dating methods used by
archaeologists to determine the age of
fossils.
Methods that have been in use for 60 years
(mature technology)
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
Expertise
Laboratories
Supply Lines
Venders
Complete pre-existing infrastructure
Well-known sources of error
Raw materials
Instrumentation
and being a mature industry . . .Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
USDA BioPreferred Program
BioPreferred Voluntary Labeling Program
Began February 2011
Consumer product label
Minimum biobased content 25%(Not BioPreferred procurement products)
Biobased % listed on label
ASTM D6866 used to determine percentage
More information: www.biopreferred.gov
http://www.biopreferred.gov/http://www.biopreferred.gov/ -
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
Vinotte OK Biobased
Eco-label which indicates a products biobased content the more stars in the logo, the higher biobased content. Products must be at least 20% biobased according to ASTM D6866 results to obtain the OK Biobased logo
Japan BioPlastics Association BiomassPla
BiomassPla certification and labeling system certifies biomass-based plastic products. Plastic products must contain biomass-derived components measured using ASTM D6866 to qualify.
EcoLogo (Canada)
Program certifies a broad range of commercial products. Standard for hand sanitizers CCD-170 requires biobased content testing via ASTM D6866.
Sustainable Biomaterials Collaborative
Released a list of purchasing specifications called BioSpecs. Food service ware must be at least be 95% biobased according to ASTM D6866 to qualify for a rating.
ICC Evaluation Service, Inc.
Issued a guideline outlining the requirements for obtaining an ICC-ES Verification of Attributes Report. The Evaluation Building materials are recommended to have ASTM D6866 measurements.
Green Electronics Council EPEAT Program
Aids purchasers assess and select electronic products based on environmental attributes.
Verification of the biobased content is determined with ASTM D6866.
Other Product Certification Programs
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866 ASTM International
Standardized through ASTM D6866
CEN (European Committee for Standardization) Standardized through CEN 15440 (CEN 15747)
EU-ETS (EU Emission Trading Scheme) Recommends CEN 15747 for refuse-derived fuels
ROCs (Renewable Obligation Program UK) Currently being Approved Program based on energy instead of CO2. Calculation being evaluated by OFGEM for each project application
US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) Required to report carbon-neutral CO2 in waste and blended alternative fuels
Required for waste derived biofuels and recommended for imported blended biofuels
ARB (California Air Resources Board)
Required to report carbon-neutral CO2 in waste and blended alternative fuels
TCR (The Climate Registry) Measuring biogenic emissions from biofuels, waste fuels, and biomass co-firing.
WCI (Western Climate Initiative) For combustion units using mixed fuels and waste-derived fuels
Australia Greenhouse and Energy Reporting
Determine the amounts of each kind of fuel in blended liquid or solid fuels.
Alternative fuel biomass determination:C14 Dating internationally recognized
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
The manufacturer submitted 3 samples
Radiocarbon Dating Results were . . .
69 % BiobasedProduct A
78 % BiobasedProduct B
70 % BiobasedProduct C
After the analyses, the manufacturer informed the lab that A, B, & C were allthe same product and an error must be present in the result for Product B
BA C
ASTM-D6866 determined the biobased content & revealed a quality control issue.
Working Example : Surprises
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
This product contains 50% less petroleum than our previous formulas
Immediately understood by the public
Positive public image and reception
Brings value to your assemblers, distributorsand retailers
50 % biobased also means 50% less petroleum carbon.
consider this in the marketing of your biobased products
MARKETING PERSPECTIVE
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
LEGAL PERSPECTIVE PRODUCT DEFENSE
If you are doing any kind of product discovery, product market
protection, or any purpose that may entail commercial or legalrepercussions, we recommend 3-4 analyses per material.
If you are submitting materials to the USDAs BioPreferred Program or
other certification, we recommend 2 analyses per material for bettercredibility and averaging.
If you are doing R&D or product development, generally onemeasurement is fine.
An ASTM-D6866 analysis is routine, but complex it is a one offmeasurement
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
Considerations in using ASTM-D6866
Ensure a representative sample is analyzed
Consider the homogeneity of your product
The reported result will be unique to the actual material analyzed
All carbon components must be either fossil or contemporary(respiring carbon within last 10 years)
If carbonates of natural mineral origin account for > 3% ofthe total carbon in the product, it must be subtracted out ofthe Biobased Content.
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
Easy Inter-comparison
Simple Visual Report
Instinctively Obvious
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
Reporting
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
How long does it take to get a result?
4-7 Business Days
How much does it cost?
395 per analysis
Time and CostQuantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
ISO 17025
Highest level of recognized quality any testing laboratory can attain
Recognized by every major certification program
Beta Analytic was awarded the ISO/IEC 17025: 2005 accreditation
Only provider of radiocarbon determinations in the world with ISO
17025 Accreditation
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
30 years in business, considered the leader of our field
Fast turn-around times (as little as 24 hours)
Confidentiality of all results
Large throughput operation [52 LSC counters, 2 mass spectrometers,2 accelerator mass spectrometers, 16 chemistry lines]
20 dedicated full-time professionals, no part-time students learningon your samples
ISO/IEC 17025:2005 accredited
Company BackgroundQuantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
Biobased materials are derived from renewable biologicalresources
Carbon-14 is present in biobased materials and absent in fossilfuel-derived materials
ASTM D6866 can be used on any material type (solid, liquids,gases)
ASTM D6866 is used in major certification programs including the
USDA BioPreferred Voluntary Label for Biobased Products
Biobased content testing is an offsite analysis; results reportedas % biobased versus % fossil-derived
ConclusionQuantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
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Background ofBiobased
Background ofASTM D6866
Use in ProductCertification
Application ofASTM D6866
Beta Analyticbackground
Conclusion
United States (HQ)4985 SW 74 CourtMiami, Florida 33155Tel: +1 305 662 7760
WWW.BETALABSERVICES.COM
Alex [email protected]
Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866
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