THE THIRD MEETING OF THE

REGIONAL SLUM UPGRADING WORKING GROUP

APMCHUD

TEHRAN

BEST PRACTICES IN COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT IN

SLUM REHABILITATION IN INDIA

Rajiv Ranjan Mishra

Joint Secretary to the Government of India

Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation

SLUM POPULATION AND

HOUSEHOLDS IN INDIA- 2001 & 2011

2001 2011

Urban Households (Million) 55.83 80.89

Slum Households (Million) 10.15 13.92

Slum Households Size 5.2 4.7

Slum Population(Million) 52.37 65.49

% of Slum HHs to urban HHs 18.2% 17.2%

% of Slum population to urban population 18.3% 17.4%

846.3

1028.6

1210.2

1523

217.6 286.1

377.1

598

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1991 2001 2011 2030

Total Population

Urban Population

Cities are likely to house 40% of India’s population by 2030

Around 600 million people will live in cities by 2030

India’s economy is likely to produce about 120 million jobs in cities

India will have 68 cities with population of more than 1 million by 2030

Source: Census, High Powered Expert Committee on Urban Infrastructure, and UN Population

Division

URBANIZATION TRENDS : INDIA IS

STARING AT AN URBAN FUTURE

INDIA’S URBAN AND SLUM UPGRADING

CHALLENGES

Reduction in the proportion of slum population to urban

population, but increase in slum and urban poor

populations in absolute terms.

Significant improvement in infrastructure and services

required

Land tenability and ownership issues

Growth in informal housing in large cities

Private markets out of reach of majority of the urban

population

Lack of comprehensive urban poor livelihood models

SUCCESSFUL COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

MODELS- KEY FEATURES

Case 1. Community Participation in Slum Free City Plan Preparation- A Case of Gangtok, Sikkim ( RSUWG_India_BP-2_Gangtok.pdf )

Effective use of existing institutional resources by UD&H Department such as community structure, lead NGO and Project technical Cell;

Unleashing strength of existing community based organization “Samaj” for mobilization of slum residents.

City wide awareness generation on the project through large hoarding across the city;

Effective engagement of local councillors to decide development strategy based on ground situation coupled with community for greater ownership;

Special focus on women participation in community meetings and decision making;

Meaningful use of participatory tools such as “problem matrix” for realistic community participation and identification of local needs;

Formation of slum dwellers federation by transparent voting process - avoiding political pressure.

SUCCESSFUL COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

MODELS- KEY FEATURES

Case 2. Community Participation in Slum of Karikalan Street- Trichy (

RSUWG_India_BP-3_Trichy.pdf ) Well-coordinated effort by State Slum Clearance Board (TNSCB) to engage

multiple stakeholders for faster and robust Detailed Project Report formulation; (community leaders, SHG groups, councillor, technical college)

Effective role of community in decision making- Need identification, selection of beneficiary and housing model/ design

Intensive community participation resulted in contribution of labour in construction of houses maintaining quality and faster construction;

Engagement of local engineering college for continuous testing and quality management.

Capacity constraints of the beneficiaries to pay about Indian Rs. 50,000/- in a single instalment as beneficries’ contribution. It has been addressed by TNSCB project implementation unit by collecting the beneficiary’s contribution in monthly instalments.

SUCCESSFUL COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

MODELS- KEY FEATURES

Case 3. Community Participation in SNBB- A Case of Jaipur ( RSUWG_India_BP-

4_Jaipur.pdf ) Active community involvement resulting in greater ownership and close

monitoring of project implementation;

The slum dwellers federation - “kacchi Basti Vikas Mahasangh” played as catalyst in fastracking of Detailed Project Report preparation, speedy submission of DPR for approval.

Monthly meeting with Kacchi Basti Commissioner along with concerned officials and community in monitoring progress and to sort out issues;

Close monitoring during implementation phase resulting in replacement of sub-standard material used (bricks)/ water supply provision missed in kitchen / placement of toilet door and design of window.

SUCCESSFUL COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

MODELS- KEY FEATURES

Case 4. Role of NGO in Community Mobilisation in Development of Kailash Nagar Slum - A Case of Ahmedabad ( RSUWG_India_BP-5_Ahmedabad.pdf )

NGO (Mahila Housing Trust) played a vital role as a facilitator between the ULB, developer and the community in the implementation of the project.

Awareness generation about the government policy and the developer’s proposal to the community.

Facilitated in conducting community surveys for identification of beneficiaries Convinced all the three parties (community, ULB & developer) in entering a

tripartite agreement. Facilitated in issuing family Identity Cards (IDs) jointly authorized by the

builder and Municipal Corporation to avoid discrepancies during allotment. Negotiated in fixing the rent to be paid by developer for transit accommodation.

Formation of beneficiary groups for supervision and quality checks.

SUCCESSFUL COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

MODELS- KEY FEATURES

Case 5. Slum Networking Project- A Case of Ahmedabad ( RSUWG_India_BP-

1_AMC.pdf )

Transformed the urban environment with the approach to provide basic infrastructure services at the household and slum level in an affordable and sustainable way Municipal Corporation (AMC) provided a package of infrastructure services

in consultation with communities/CBOs, NGOs and the Private sector; Resource Mobilization: Establishment of a Resident’s Association for release of

community contributions from the Banks to AMC at different stages of completion of infrastructure works and for managing the operation and maintenance; contributions of individual households through deposits;

Transparent process: Monthly Monitoring Meeting of stakeholders; Joint Planning; Trainings and capacity building; Interaction with stakeholders;

PRADHAN MANTRI AWAS

YOJANA(PMAY)- PRIME MINISTER’S

HOUSING SCHEME

Launched on 25th June 2015 by Hon’ble

Prime Minister of India

Aims to provide ‘Housing for All’ by 2022 –

20 million units

Coverage - All 4041 statutory towns in 3

phases

Beneficiaries - EWS and LIG categories EWS: family with income upto Rs. 3 lakh;

LIG: family with income from Rs. 3-6 lakh;

PMAY- MISSION COMPONENTS

Credit Linked subsidy component is Central Sector Scheme while other 3 to be implemented as Centrally Sponsored Scheme.

Beneficiary can take advantage under one component only

1 2 3 4

IN-SITU SLUM REDEVELOPMENT Using land as a resource with private participation

Slums on Central Government land/State Government land/ULB land

Slum rehabilitation grant of Rs. 1 lakh per house, on an average.

Flexibility to States/Cities to deploy this central grant for other slums being redeveloped

States/Cities provide additional FSI/FAR or TDR to make projects financially viable

Land cost not to be charged by Central Govt. agencies

Slums on Private Owned Land States/Cities provide additional FSI/FAR or TDR to land owner as per its

policy; No Central Assistance

State/UTs shall decide: Eligibility criteria; Beneficiary contribution; allotment basis; etc. Identify all tenable slums and their parameters; Examine financial and

technical viability

Two Components: slum rehabilitation component; free sale component: available to developers for selling in the market so as to cross subsidize the project

Private partner to be selected through open bidding process

Thank you