Besser--NINCH-recent Preservation 12/8/01 1 Recent Digital Preservation Activities Howard Besser...
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Besser--NINCH-recent Preservation 12/8/01 1
Recent Digital Preservation Activities
Howard Besser
UCLA School of Education & Information
http://www.gseis.ucla.edu/~howard
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Recent Digital Preservation Activities-
The Problem Preservation Repositories Preservation Metadata Other Digital Preservation Activities Special concerns of Cult Heritage
community
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Serious Longevity Problems
What we know from prior widespread digital file formats
Previous formats required little ongoing intervention (remote storage facilities, Iron Mtn); digital formats require intense ongoing management
The Short Life of Digital Info-
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The Short Life of Digital Info: Digital Longevity Problems
Disappearing Information The Viewing Problem The Scrambling Problem The Inter-relation Problem The Custodial Problem The Translation Problem
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Older Longevity Projectshttp://sunsite.berkeley.edu/Longevity/
CPA Task Force Getty “Time & Bits” Conference & Follow-ups- Preservation experiments in US and Europe
NEDLIB, CURL, Michigan
Internet Archive Long Now
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Preservation Repositories:OAIS Model
High-level reference model describing submission, organization and management, and continuing access
Conceptual framework for different organizations to share discussions with a common language
Producers, consumers, management, actual repository SIP, DIP, AIP AIP consists of data objects plus representation info
(Content, Preservation Description, Packaging, Descriptive)
Originally developed for Space Science community
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Preservation Repositories:Projects based on OAIS Model
CEDARS NEDLIB Pandora CDL OCLC/RLG Working Group on
Preservation Metadata, Attributes of a Trusted Digital Repository, August 2001-
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OCLC/RLGDigital Repository Attributes
_ Administrative responsibility_ Organizational viability_ Financial sustainability_ Technological suitability_ System security_ Procedural accountability
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OCLC/RLGSelected Recommendations
_ Policies, Certification processes, Risk management, Persistent ID, Migration/Emulation experiments
_ Stakeholders meet to decide how to describe what is in a dig repository
_ Examine special properties of particular classes of digital objects
_ Technical standards for exchange and interoperability btwn repositories
_ Develop projects and case studies_ Copyright issues
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Preservation Metadata
OCLC/RLG Working Group on Preservation Metadata, Preservation Metadata for Digital Objects: A Review of the State of the Art, January 31 2001
OCLC/RLG Working Group on Preservation Metadata, A Recommendation for Content Information, October 2001
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Other Digital Preservation Activities-
LC Natl Dig Info Infrastructure & Preservation InterPARES Emulation Projects E-Journal Archiving ERPANET Persistent Naming
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LC’s National Digital Information Infrastructure and
Preservation Program_ Authorized Dec 2000_ LC, Dept of Commerce, NARA, White House
Office of Sci & Tech Policy_ with help from CLIR, NLM, NAL, OCLC, RLG_ Ongoing collab process_ Commissioned papers on preserving: the Web,
periodicals, digital sound, E-Books, Digital TV, Digital Video
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InterPARES International Research on Permanent Authentication
Records in Electronic Systems
_ Ongoing international archival world project examining how to make electronically-generated records last over time
_ Developing the theoretical and methodological knowledge needed, then will formulate model policies, strategies, and standards
_ Next year will be extended to include images and rich media
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Emulation Projects
_ CAMiLEON (Michigan/Leeds)_ NEDLIB
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E-Journal Archiving
_ Issues– License, don’t own; may not be even able to obtain right to make archival
copy
– Increasingly no paper back-up at all
– Usually we don’t have the important redundancy factor
_ Mellon funded projects (2001)– Yale, Harvard, Penn working w/individual publishers
– Cornell, NYPL--specific disciplines
– MIT exploring characteristics that change (dynamic)\
– Stanford--archiving software tools
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Electronic Resource Preservation and Access NETwork (ERPANET)
_ RLG initiative just launched as European consortium
_ Best practices and skills development for digital preservation of cultural heritage and scientific objects
_ 3 year project launched Nov 2001; 1.2 million Euros
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NEA 2001 grant to BAVCfor $150,000
_ “To support development and dissemination of a DVD that contains a curriculum for the preservation of electronic art. The DVD will feature a preservation overview; discussions with conservators, artists, curators and technicians; a curriculum to train professionals in the field and project case studies to conserve electronic art.”
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Persistent Naming
URNs Handles PURLs Re-directs
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What’s special about Cult Heritage Materials?
_ Images & rich media_ Inter-relationships btwn parts_ For Contemporary Art: What is the Work?-
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LeWitt: Wall Drawing 340
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Installing LeWitt
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LeWitt Install Directions
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Complexity of Rich Media
_ Works often have artistic nature (including video games)
_ Enormous number of elements can, at times, be very important to preserve (pacing, original artifact, elements used to construct the artifact)
_ Too complex to save every one of these aspects for every type of material
_ Importance of saving documentation
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What can we do specific to Electronic Art?
_ Works themselves may no longer even exist; in many cases, what we can save amounts to forensic evidence
_ Enormous number of elements can, at times, be very important to preserve (pacing, original artifact, elements used to construct the artifact)
_ Too complex to save every one of these aspects for every type of material
_ Importance of saving pieces, representations, and documentation_ Involve the artists to capture their intentions_ Importance of Standards_ Familiarize ourselves with recent conservation developments (Who
Knows?, TechArcheology, Tate, IMAP)
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Standards for encodingartists intentions
(group efforts w/i Cult Heritage community)
_ Artists Interviews Project, Netherlands Institute for Cultural Heritage 1998-1999, Modern Art: Who Cares (http://www.icn.nl/english/6.4.2.html)
_ TechArcheology: A Symposium on Installation Preservation (SFMOMA)
_ More recent SFMOMA/Tate collaborations_ IMAP_ Guggenheim’s Variable Media
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Structural Metadata Standards for Encoding Multimedia-
(no time for details)
_ SMIL_ MPEG 4
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A few questions the NINCH community should address
_ Special issues raised by non-library institutions_ Special issues raised by images and rich media_ What is the work (or salient points we need to preserve)?_ Bring the arts communities (artist intent, BAVC) together with the
preservation repository communities and the preservation metadata communities
_ Specifically get Cult Heritage communities involved with the selected OCLC/RLG recommendations
_ What organizations will take responsibility to save today’s digital “ephemeral” materials (online ‘zines, arts discussion groups, etc.)?
_ Get cult heritage groups started on working to make sure that structure standards incorporate our works
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Recent Digital Preservation Activities
Howard Besser
UCLA School of Education & Information
http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/Longevity/
http://www.oclc.org/digitalpreservation/presmeta_wp.pdf
http://www.oclc.org/research/pmwg/contentinformation.pdf
http://is.gseis.ucla.edu/us-interpares/
http://www.diglib.org/preserve/ejp.htm
http://www.gseis.ucla.edu/~howard
http://www.longnow.com/10klibrary/TimeBitsDisc/
http://www.archive.org/