United StatesDepartment ofAgriculture

A product of the NationalCooperative Soil Survey,a joint effort of the UnitedStates Department ofAgriculture and otherFederal agencies, Stateagencies including theAgricultural ExperimentStations, and localparticipants

Custom Soil ResourceReport forBerkshire County,MassachusettsNew Marlborough Preserve

NaturalResourcesConservationService

November 15, 2016

B.

PrefaceSoil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas. Theyhighlight soil limitations that affect various land uses and provide information aboutthe properties of the soils in the survey areas. Soil surveys are designed for manydifferent users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban planners,community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers. Also,conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste disposal,and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand, protect, or enhancethe environment.

Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may imposespecial restrictions on land use or land treatment. Soil surveys identify soil propertiesthat are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions. The informationis intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations onvarious land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for identifying and complyingwith existing laws and regulations.

Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider areaplanning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some cases.Examples include soil quality assessments (http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/soils/health/) and certain conservation and engineering applications. Formore detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center (http://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nrcs) or your NRCS State SoilScientist (http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/contactus/?cid=nrcs142p2_053951).

Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils areseasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as afoundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as septictank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to basements orunderground installations.

The National Cooperative Soil Survey is a joint effort of the United States Departmentof Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the AgriculturalExperiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources ConservationService (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative SoilSurvey.

Information about soils is updated periodically. Updated information is availablethrough the NRCS Web Soil Survey, the site for official soil survey information.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programsand activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and whereapplicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexualorientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of anindividual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibitedbases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means

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for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) shouldcontact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file acomplaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272(voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider andemployer.

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ContentsPreface....................................................................................................................2Soil Map..................................................................................................................5

Soil Map (New Marlborough Preserve)................................................................6Legend..................................................................................................................7Map Unit Legend (New Marlborough Preserve)...................................................8Map Unit Descriptions (New Marlborough Preserve)...........................................8

Berkshire County, Massachusetts..................................................................1075B—Pillsbury fine sandy loam, 0 to 8 percent slopes, very stony.............10901E—Berkshire-Marlow association, 15 to 45 percent slopes, steep,

extremely stony.....................................................................................11904E—Lyman-Tunbridge association, 15 to 60 percent slopes,

extremely stony.....................................................................................13905C—Peru-Marlow association, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely

stony.....................................................................................................16909C—Tunbridge-Lyman association, rolling, extremely stony..................19

References............................................................................................................21

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Soil MapThe soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of soilmap units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbolsdisplayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used toproduce the map, and a description of each soil map unit.

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Custom Soil Resource ReportSoil Map (New Marlborough Preserve)

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Map projection: Web Mercator Corner coordinates: WGS84 Edge tics: UTM Zone 18N WGS840 450 900 1800 2700

Feet0 100 200 400 600

MetersMap Scale: 1:9,890 if printed on A landscape (11" x 8.5") sheet.

Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.

MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION

Area of Interest (AOI)Area of Interest (AOI)

SoilsSoil Map Unit Polygons

Soil Map Unit Lines

Soil Map Unit Points

Special Point FeaturesBlowout

Borrow Pit

Clay Spot

Closed Depression

Gravel Pit

Gravelly Spot

Landfill

Lava Flow

Marsh or swamp

Mine or Quarry

Miscellaneous Water

Perennial Water

Rock Outcrop

Saline Spot

Sandy Spot

Severely Eroded Spot

Sinkhole

Slide or Slip

Sodic Spot

Spoil Area

Stony Spot

Very Stony Spot

Wet Spot

Other

Special Line Features

Water FeaturesStreams and Canals

TransportationRails

Interstate Highways

US Routes

Major Roads

Local Roads

BackgroundAerial Photography

The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:25,000.

Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.

Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can causemisunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil lineplacement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrastingsoils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale.

Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for mapmeasurements.

Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation ServiceWeb Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.govCoordinate System: Web Mercator (EPSG:3857)

Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercatorprojection, which preserves direction and shape but distortsdistance and area. A projection that preserves area, such as theAlbers equal-area conic projection, should be used if more accuratecalculations of distance or area are required.

This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as ofthe version date(s) listed below.

Soil Survey Area: Berkshire County, MassachusettsSurvey Area Data: Version 10, Sep 28, 2015

Soil map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales 1:50,000or larger.

Date(s) aerial images were photographed: Jun 19, 2010—May12, 2011

The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines werecompiled and digitized probably differs from the backgroundimagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shiftingof map unit boundaries may be evident.

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Map Unit Legend (New MarlboroughPreserve)

Berkshire County, Massachusetts (MA003)

Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI

75B Pillsbury fine sandy loam, 0 to 8percent slopes, very stony

53.7 36.2%

901E Berkshire-Marlow association,15 to 45 percent slopes, steep,extremely stony

0.2 0.1%

904E Lyman-Tunbridge association,15 to 60 percent slopes,extremely stony

34.5 23.3%

905C Peru-Marlow association, 3 to 15percent slopes, extremelystony

46.9 31.6%

909C Tunbridge-Lyman association,rolling, extremely stony

12.9 8.7%

Totals for Area of Interest 148.2 100.0%

Map Unit Descriptions (New MarlboroughPreserve)The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the soilsor miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along with themaps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit.

A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or moremajor kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and namedaccording to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomicclass there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the landscape,however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the characteristic variabilityof all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some observed properties may extendbeyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils of a single taxonomicclass rarely, if ever, can be mapped without including areas of other taxonomicclasses. Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils or miscellaneous areasfor which it is named and some minor components that belong to taxonomic classesother than those of the major soils.

Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in themap unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are callednoncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in aparticular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have propertiesand behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require differentmanagement. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They generallyare in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used.Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified

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by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a given area, thecontrasting minor components are identified in the map unit descriptions along withsome characteristics of each. A few areas of minor components may not have beenobserved, and consequently they are not mentioned in the descriptions, especiallywhere the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to make enough observationsto identify all the soils and miscellaneous areas on the landscape.

The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulnessor accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure taxonomicclasses but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments thathave similar use and management requirements. The delineation of such segmentson the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. Ifintensive use of small areas is planned, however, onsite investigation is needed todefine and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.

An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions. Eachdescription includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil propertiesand qualities.

Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except fordifferences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major horizonsthat are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.

Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity,degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the basis of suchdifferences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on thedetailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase commonlyindicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha silt loam, 0to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series.

Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas.These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups.

A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricatepattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps. Thepattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in allareas. Alpha-Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example.

An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils ormiscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present oranticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered practicalor necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The pattern andrelative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar. Alpha-Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.

An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas thatcould be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similarinterpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion ofthe soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can bemade up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made upof all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.

Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil materialand support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example.

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Berkshire County, Massachusetts

75B—Pillsbury fine sandy loam, 0 to 8 percent slopes, very stony

Map Unit SettingNational map unit symbol: 2ty6xElevation: 360 to 2,070 feetMean annual precipitation: 31 to 95 inchesMean annual air temperature: 27 to 52 degrees FFrost-free period: 90 to 140 daysFarmland classification: Not prime farmland

Map Unit CompositionPillsbury, very stony, and similar soils: 79 percentMinor components: 21 percentEstimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.

Description of Pillsbury, Very Stony

SettingLandform: Mountains, hillsLandform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope, footslopeLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, base slope, interfluveDown-slope shape: ConcaveAcross-slope shape: ConcaveParent material: Loamy lodgment till derived from gneiss and/or loamy lodgment till

derived from mica schist and/or loamy lodgment till derived from granite

Typical profileOe - 0 to 1 inches: mucky peatA - 1 to 6 inches: fine sandy loamBg1 - 6 to 13 inches: cobbly fine sandy loamBg2 - 13 to 23 inches: cobbly fine sandy loamCd - 23 to 65 inches: cobbly fine sandy loam

Properties and qualitiesSlope: 0 to 8 percentPercent of area covered with surface fragments: 1.1 percentDepth to restrictive feature: 21 to 43 inches to densic materialNatural drainage class: Poorly drainedCapacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to

moderately high (0.01 to 1.42 in/hr)Depth to water table: About 0 to 12 inchesFrequency of flooding: NoneFrequency of ponding: NoneSalinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm)Available water storage in profile: Low (about 3.3 inches)

Interpretive groupsLand capability classification (irrigated): None specifiedLand capability classification (nonirrigated): 6sHydrologic Soil Group: DHydric soil rating: Yes

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Minor Components

Peru, very stonyPercent of map unit: 9 percentLandform: Mountains, hillsLandform position (two-dimensional): Backslope, footslopeLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, interfluve, base slopeMicrofeatures of landform position: Rises, risesDown-slope shape: ConvexAcross-slope shape: Linear, convexHydric soil rating: No

Peacham, very stonyPercent of map unit: 5 percentLandform: Hills, mountainsLandform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope, footslopeLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, base slope, interfluveMicrofeatures of landform position: Closed depressions, closed depressionsDown-slope shape: ConcaveAcross-slope shape: ConcaveHydric soil rating: Yes

WonsqueakPercent of map unit: 4 percentLandform: Hills, mountainsLandform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope, footslopeLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, base slope, interfluveMicrofeatures of landform position: Closed depressions, closed depressionsDown-slope shape: ConcaveAcross-slope shape: ConcaveHydric soil rating: Yes

Lyman, very stonyPercent of map unit: 3 percentLandform: Mountains, hillsLandform position (two-dimensional): Backslope, shoulder, summitLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, interfluve, base slopeMicrofeatures of landform position: Rises, risesDown-slope shape: ConvexAcross-slope shape: ConvexHydric soil rating: No

901E—Berkshire-Marlow association, 15 to 45 percent slopes, steep,extremely stony

Map Unit SettingNational map unit symbol: 98snElevation: 50 to 3,500 feetMean annual precipitation: 34 to 52 inchesMean annual air temperature: 37 to 45 degrees F

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Frost-free period: 110 to 195 daysFarmland classification: Not prime farmland

Map Unit CompositionBerkshire and similar soils: 55 percentMarlow and similar soils: 30 percentMinor components: 15 percentEstimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.

Description of Berkshire

SettingLandform: HillslopesLandform position (two-dimensional): BackslopeDown-slope shape: LinearAcross-slope shape: ConvexParent material: Friable coarse-loamy eolian deposits over friable coarse-loamy

basal till derived from granite and gneiss

Typical profileH1 - 0 to 2 inches: loamH2 - 2 to 27 inches: gravelly loamH3 - 27 to 64 inches: gravelly fine sandy loam

Properties and qualitiesSlope: 15 to 45 percentPercent of area covered with surface fragments: 9.0 percentDepth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inchesNatural drainage class: Well drainedRunoff class: MediumCapacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high

(0.60 to 6.00 in/hr)Depth to water table: More than 80 inchesFrequency of flooding: NoneFrequency of ponding: NoneAvailable water storage in profile: Moderate (about 8.6 inches)

Interpretive groupsLand capability classification (irrigated): None specifiedLand capability classification (nonirrigated): 7sHydrologic Soil Group: AHydric soil rating: No

Description of Marlow

SettingLandform position (two-dimensional): BackslopeLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, crest, side slopeDown-slope shape: ConvexAcross-slope shape: ConvexParent material: Friable coarse-loamy eolian deposits over dense coarse-loamy

lodgment till derived from granite and gneiss

Typical profileH1 - 0 to 3 inches: fine sandy loamH2 - 3 to 32 inches: fine sandy loamH3 - 32 to 60 inches: fine sandy loam

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Properties and qualitiesSlope: 15 to 45 percentPercent of area covered with surface fragments: 9.0 percentDepth to restrictive feature: About 32 inches to densic materialNatural drainage class: Well drainedRunoff class: HighCapacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to

moderately high (0.06 to 0.60 in/hr)Depth to water table: About 24 to 42 inchesFrequency of flooding: NoneFrequency of ponding: NoneAvailable water storage in profile: Low (about 4.1 inches)

Interpretive groupsLand capability classification (irrigated): None specifiedLand capability classification (nonirrigated): 7sHydrologic Soil Group: CHydric soil rating: No

Minor Components

LymanPercent of map unit: 10 percentHydric soil rating: No

PeruPercent of map unit: 5 percentHydric soil rating: No

904E—Lyman-Tunbridge association, 15 to 60 percent slopes, extremelystony

Map Unit SettingNational map unit symbol: 2ty75Elevation: 850 to 2,360 feetMean annual precipitation: 31 to 95 inchesMean annual air temperature: 27 to 52 degrees FFrost-free period: 60 to 160 daysFarmland classification: Not prime farmland

Map Unit CompositionLyman, extremely stony, and similar soils: 45 percentTunbridge, extremely stony, and similar soils: 40 percentMinor components: 15 percentEstimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.

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Description of Lyman, Extremely Stony

SettingLandform: Hills, mountainsLandform position (two-dimensional): Backslope, shoulder, summitLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, mountaintop, side slope,

crestDown-slope shape: ConvexAcross-slope shape: ConvexParent material: Loamy supraglacial till derived from granite and gneiss and/or

loamy supraglacial till derived from phyllite and/or loamy supraglacial till derivedfrom mica schist

Typical profileOe - 0 to 1 inches: moderately decomposed plant materialA - 1 to 3 inches: loamE - 3 to 5 inches: fine sandy loamBhs - 5 to 7 inches: loamBs1 - 7 to 11 inches: loamBs2 - 11 to 18 inches: channery loamR - 18 to 28 inches: bedrock

Properties and qualitiesSlope: 15 to 60 percentPercent of area covered with surface fragments: 6.0 percentDepth to restrictive feature: 11 to 24 inches to lithic bedrockNatural drainage class: Somewhat excessively drainedCapacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to high (0.00

to 14.03 in/hr)Depth to water table: More than 80 inchesFrequency of flooding: NoneFrequency of ponding: NoneAvailable water storage in profile: Low (about 3.4 inches)

Interpretive groupsLand capability classification (irrigated): None specifiedLand capability classification (nonirrigated): 7sHydrologic Soil Group: DHydric soil rating: No

Description of Tunbridge, Extremely Stony

SettingLandform: Hills, mountainsLandform position (two-dimensional): Backslope, shoulder, summitLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, mountaintop, side slope,

crestDown-slope shape: ConvexAcross-slope shape: ConvexParent material: Loamy supraglacial till derived from granite and gneiss and/or

loamy supraglacial till derived from phyllite and/or loamy supraglacial till derivedfrom mica schist

Typical profileOe - 0 to 3 inches: moderately decomposed plant materialOa - 3 to 5 inches: highly decomposed plant material

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E - 5 to 8 inches: fine sandy loamBhs - 8 to 11 inches: fine sandy loamBs - 11 to 26 inches: fine sandy loamBC - 26 to 28 inches: fine sandy loamR - 28 to 38 inches: bedrock

Properties and qualitiesSlope: 15 to 60 percentPercent of area covered with surface fragments: 6.0 percentDepth to restrictive feature: 20 to 40 inches to lithic bedrockNatural drainage class: Well drainedCapacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to high (0.00

to 14.03 in/hr)Depth to water table: More than 80 inchesFrequency of flooding: NoneFrequency of ponding: NoneAvailable water storage in profile: Moderate (about 6.1 inches)

Interpretive groupsLand capability classification (irrigated): None specifiedLand capability classification (nonirrigated): 7sHydrologic Soil Group: CHydric soil rating: No

Minor Components

Berkshire, extremely stonyPercent of map unit: 9 percentLandform: Mountains, hillsLandform position (two-dimensional): Backslope, summit, shoulderLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, mountaintop, side slope,

crestDown-slope shape: ConvexAcross-slope shape: ConvexHydric soil rating: No

WonsqueakPercent of map unit: 2 percentLandform: Mountains, hillsLandform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope, footslopeLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountaintop, mountainbase, side slope,

crestMicrofeatures of landform position: Open depressions, open depressionsDown-slope shape: ConcaveAcross-slope shape: ConcaveHydric soil rating: Yes

Peacham, extremely stonyPercent of map unit: 2 percentLandform: Mountains, hillsLandform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope, footslopeLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, mountaintop, side slope,

crestMicrofeatures of landform position: Open depressions, open depressionsDown-slope shape: ConcaveAcross-slope shape: ConcaveHydric soil rating: Yes

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Pillsbury, extremely stonyPercent of map unit: 2 percentLandform: Hills, mountainsLandform position (two-dimensional): Footslope, toeslopeLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, mountaintop, side slope,

crestMicrofeatures of landform position: Open depressions, open depressionsDown-slope shape: ConcaveAcross-slope shape: ConcaveHydric soil rating: Yes

905C—Peru-Marlow association, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony

Map Unit SettingNational map unit symbol: 2ty7pElevation: 790 to 2,100 feetMean annual precipitation: 31 to 95 inchesMean annual air temperature: 27 to 52 degrees FFrost-free period: 90 to 160 daysFarmland classification: Not prime farmland

Map Unit CompositionPeru, extremely stony, and similar soils: 61 percentMarlow, extremely stony, and similar soils: 20 percentMinor components: 19 percentEstimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.

Description of Peru, Extremely Stony

SettingLandform: Mountains, hillsLandform position (two-dimensional): Backslope, footslopeLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, mountainflank, side slope,

nose slope, interfluveDown-slope shape: ConvexAcross-slope shape: LinearParent material: Loamy lodgment till derived from granite and/or loamy lodgment till

derived from mica schist and/or loamy lodgment till derived from phyllite

Typical profileOe - 0 to 1 inches: moderately decomposed plant materialA - 1 to 5 inches: fine sandy loamE - 5 to 6 inches: fine sandy loamBs1 - 6 to 7 inches: fine sandy loamBs2 - 7 to 13 inches: fine sandy loamBs3 - 13 to 18 inches: fine sandy loamBC - 18 to 21 inches: fine sandy loamCd1 - 21 to 37 inches: fine sandy loam

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Cd2 - 37 to 65 inches: fine sandy loam

Properties and qualitiesSlope: 3 to 15 percentPercent of area covered with surface fragments: 6.0 percentDepth to restrictive feature: 21 to 43 inches to densic materialNatural drainage class: Moderately well drainedCapacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to

moderately high (0.01 to 1.42 in/hr)Depth to water table: About 17 to 34 inchesFrequency of flooding: NoneFrequency of ponding: NoneSalinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm)Available water storage in profile: Low (about 3.6 inches)

Interpretive groupsLand capability classification (irrigated): None specifiedLand capability classification (nonirrigated): 7sHydrologic Soil Group: DHydric soil rating: No

Description of Marlow, Extremely Stony

SettingLandform: Mountains, hillsLandform position (two-dimensional): Summit, shoulder, backslopeLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, mountainbase, side slope,

nose slope, interfluveDown-slope shape: ConvexAcross-slope shape: ConvexParent material: Loamy lodgment till derived from granite and/or loamy lodgment till

derived from mica schist and/or loamy lodgment till derived from phyllite

Typical profileOi - 0 to 2 inches: slightly decomposed plant materialA - 2 to 5 inches: fine sandy loamE - 5 to 8 inches: fine sandy loamBs1 - 8 to 15 inches: fine sandy loamBs2 - 15 to 19 inches: fine sandy loamBC - 19 to 33 inches: gravelly fine sandy loamCd - 33 to 65 inches: fine sandy loam

Properties and qualitiesSlope: 3 to 15 percentPercent of area covered with surface fragments: 6.0 percentDepth to restrictive feature: 20 to 41 inches to densic materialNatural drainage class: Well drainedCapacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to

moderately high (0.01 to 1.42 in/hr)Depth to water table: More than 80 inchesFrequency of flooding: NoneFrequency of ponding: NoneSalinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm)Available water storage in profile: Low (about 5.1 inches)

Interpretive groupsLand capability classification (irrigated): None specified

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Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7sHydrologic Soil Group: CHydric soil rating: No

Minor Components

Lyman, extremely stonyPercent of map unit: 6 percentLandform: Mountains, hillsLandform position (two-dimensional): Shoulder, summit, backslopeLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, mountainflank, nose slope,

interfluve, side slopeMicrofeatures of landform position: Rises, risesDown-slope shape: ConvexAcross-slope shape: ConvexHydric soil rating: No

Pillsbury, extremely stonyPercent of map unit: 5 percentLandform: Hills, mountainsLandform position (two-dimensional): Footslope, toeslopeLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, mountainflank, interfluve,

side slope, nose slopeMicrofeatures of landform position: Closed depressions, closed depressions, open

depressions, open depressionsDown-slope shape: ConcaveAcross-slope shape: ConcaveHydric soil rating: Yes

Berkshire, extremely stonyPercent of map unit: 5 percentLandform: Hills, mountainsLandform position (two-dimensional): Backslope, summit, shoulderLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, mountainflank, interfluve,

side slope, nose slopeMicrofeatures of landform position: Rises, risesDown-slope shape: ConvexAcross-slope shape: ConvexHydric soil rating: No

Monadnock, extremely stonyPercent of map unit: 3 percentLandform: Mountains, hillsLandform position (two-dimensional): Backslope, summit, shoulderLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, mountainbase, side slope,

nose slope, interfluveMicrofeatures of landform position: Rises, risesDown-slope shape: ConvexAcross-slope shape: ConvexHydric soil rating: No

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909C—Tunbridge-Lyman association, rolling, extremely stony

Map Unit SettingNational map unit symbol: 98wbElevation: 10 to 2,500 feetMean annual precipitation: 34 to 52 inchesMean annual air temperature: 37 to 45 degrees FFrost-free period: 110 to 195 daysFarmland classification: Not prime farmland

Map Unit CompositionTunbridge and similar soils: 50 percentLyman and similar soils: 35 percentMinor components: 15 percentEstimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.

Description of Tunbridge

SettingLandform: HillsLandform position (two-dimensional): Summit, shoulderLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountaintop, crestDown-slope shape: ConvexAcross-slope shape: ConvexParent material: Moderately deep, friable coarse-loamy basal till derived from mica

schist over mica schist

Typical profileH1 - 0 to 1 inches: loamH2 - 1 to 26 inches: fine sandy loamH3 - 26 to 30 inches: unweathered bedrock

Properties and qualitiesSlope: 3 to 15 percentPercent of area covered with surface fragments: 9.0 percentDepth to restrictive feature: 20 to 40 inches to lithic bedrockNatural drainage class: Well drainedRunoff class: LowCapacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Low to high (0.01 to 6.00

in/hr)Depth to water table: More than 80 inchesFrequency of flooding: NoneFrequency of ponding: NoneAvailable water storage in profile: Low (about 4.1 inches)

Interpretive groupsLand capability classification (irrigated): None specifiedLand capability classification (nonirrigated): 7sHydrologic Soil Group: B

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Hydric soil rating: No

Description of Lyman

SettingLandform: HillsLandform position (two-dimensional): Summit, shoulderLandform position (three-dimensional): Mountaintop, crestDown-slope shape: ConvexAcross-slope shape: ConvexParent material: Shallow, friable loamy basal till derived from mica schist over mica

schist

Typical profileH1 - 0 to 3 inches: fine sandy loamH2 - 3 to 16 inches: loamH3 - 16 to 20 inches: unweathered bedrock

Properties and qualitiesSlope: 3 to 15 percentPercent of area covered with surface fragments: 9.0 percentDepth to restrictive feature: 10 to 20 inches to lithic bedrockNatural drainage class: Somewhat excessively drainedRunoff class: LowCapacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Low to high (0.01 to 6.00

in/hr)Depth to water table: More than 80 inchesFrequency of flooding: NoneFrequency of ponding: NoneAvailable water storage in profile: Very low (about 2.7 inches)

Interpretive groupsLand capability classification (irrigated): None specifiedLand capability classification (nonirrigated): 7sHydrologic Soil Group: DHydric soil rating: No

Minor Components

BerkshirePercent of map unit: 8 percentHydric soil rating: No

PeachamPercent of map unit: 4 percentLandform: DepressionsHydric soil rating: Yes

PillsburyPercent of map unit: 3 percentLandform: DepressionsHydric soil rating: Yes

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ReferencesAmerican Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). 2004.Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling andtesting. 24th edition.

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification ofsoils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00.

Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification ofwetlands and deep-water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceFWS/OBS-79/31.

Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States.

Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States.

Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric soilsin the United States.

National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries.

Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service. U.S.Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_054262

Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for makingand interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service,U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053577

Soil Survey Staff. 2010. Keys to soil taxonomy. 11th edition. U.S. Department ofAgriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053580

Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service andDelaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, WetlandsSection.

United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps ofEngineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station TechnicalReport Y-87-1.

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.National forestry manual. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/home/?cid=nrcs142p2_053374

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.National range and pasture handbook. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/landuse/rangepasture/?cid=stelprdb1043084

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United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/scientists/?cid=nrcs142p2_054242

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States, theCaribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 296.http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053624

United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Landcapability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs142p2_052290.pdf

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