BENGKEL PENYELENGGARAN KOMPUTER · BENGKEL PENYELENGGARAN KOMPUTER 6 OKTOBER 2006 (JUMAAT) 8.30 AM...
Transcript of BENGKEL PENYELENGGARAN KOMPUTER · BENGKEL PENYELENGGARAN KOMPUTER 6 OKTOBER 2006 (JUMAAT) 8.30 AM...
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BENGKEL PENYELENGGARAN KOMPUTER
6 OKTOBER 2006 (JUMAAT)8.30 AM – 12.30 PM
TEMPAT: DEWAN TAKLIMAT FTM
Prof Madya Azizi ZakariaFakulti Teknologi Maklumat
[email protected]: FTM 3030
HP: 013-4811990 or 017-4699120http://azportal.uum.edu.my
mailto:[email protected]
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Agenda
IntroductionFormatting PCInstalling and Configuring Windows XP SP2Software InstallationPC Protection From Malicious ProgramsBasic Troubleshooting TechniquesExploring Computer Hardware
While installing, I will talk on:Component of System Unit
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Windows XP License Key
D366C-VX7WR-V448P-FGV4T-Y98XT
Back to Agenda
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SOFTWARE IN THE CD
The are 20 software in the CD (700MB):1. ACDSee PRO2. Active Desktop Calendar3. Adobe Reader (PDF)4. Checkit (Checking hardware)5. Cyberlink Power DVD6. Karspersky Anti-Virus 7. Nero Burning (CD Burning software)8. Microsoft Office 20039. Norton Partition Magic 10. Perfect Disk V7 (Defragmentation software)11. Quicktime (Play quicktime video)
Back To Agenda
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SOFTWARE IN THE CD
The are 20 software in the CD (700MB):12. Realplayer Plus 9 13. Tuneup Utilities 2006 (Fine tune windows)14. Vista Transformation Pack (Transform XP GUI to Vista)15. Waktu Solat16. Web Browser (Mozilla and Opera)17. WinRAR (Compression Software)18. WinAMP (MP3 Player)19. Winzip (Compression Software)20. Xoftspy (Anti-spyware)21. Hacking Windows XP (E-BOOK)Back To Agenda
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Malicious Software
Malicious software or malware is software designed specifically to damage or disrupt a system, such as a virus or a Trojan horse.
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Malicious Software
VIRUSA virus is a piece of computer code that attaches itself to a program or file so it can spread from computer to computer, infecting as it travels. Viruses can damage your software, your hardware, and your files.
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Malicious Software
WORMA worm generally spreads without user action and distributes complete copies (possibly modified) of itself across networks. A worm can consume memory or network bandwidth, thus causing a computer to stop responding.
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Malicious Software
SPYWARESpyware is any technology that aids in gathering information about a person or organization without their knowledge. It can overload your system and shutdown other services.
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Malicious Software
SPYWARESpyware is any technology that aids in gathering information about a person or organization without their knowledge. It can overload your system and shutdown other services.
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Malicious Software
TROJAN HORSEA Trojan Horse is a computer program that appears to be useful software, but instead compromises your security and causes a lot of damage.
Back to Agenda
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The Components of the System Unit
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The System Unit
What is the system unit?
p. 184 Fig. 4-1 Next
Case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data
Sometimes called the chassis
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The System Unit
What are common components inside the system unit?
p. 185 Fig. 4-2 Next
MemoryAdapter cards
Sound cardVideo card
PortsDrive baysPower supply
power supply
ports
drive bays
processor
memory
sound cardvideo card
Processor
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The System Unit
What is the motherboard?
p. 186 Fig. 4-3 Next
Main circuit board in system unitContains adapter cards, processor chips, andmemory chipsAlso calledsystem board
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 4, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Motherboards below Chapter
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Processor
Which processor should you select?
p. 191 Fig. 4-7 Next
The faster the processor, the more expensive the computer
Celeron
Itanium or Xeon
Pentium family
1.3 GHz and up
3.0 GHz and up
2.4 GHz to 3.0 GHz
Up to 2.4 GHz
2.2 GHz and up
Intel Processor Desired Clock Speed
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Processor
What is the system clock?
p. 189 Next
Each tick Each tick is a is a
clock cycleclock cycle
Pace of system Pace of system clock is clock is clock speedclock speed
Most clock speeds are Most clock speeds are in the gigahertz (GHz) in the gigahertz (GHz)
range (1 GHz = one range (1 GHz = one billion ticks of system billion ticks of system
clock per second)clock per second)
Processor speed can Processor speed can also be measured in also be measured in
mmillions of illions of iinstructions nstructions pper er ssecond econd (MIPS)(MIPS)
Controls timing of all computer operationsGenerates regular electronic pulses, or ticks, that set operating pace of components of system unit
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Processor
What are the guidelines for selecting a processor?
Next
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Processor
What are heat sinks, heat pipes, and liquid cooling?
p. 193 Fig. 4-9 Next
Heat sink—component with fins that cools processorHeat pipee—smaller device for notebook computersLiquid cooling—uses a continuous flow of fluids to transfer heat away
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Memory
What is memory?
p. 197 Fig. 4-15 Next
Electronic components that store instructions, data, and resultsConsists of one or more chips on motherboard orother circuit boardEach byte stored in unique location called an address, similar to seats in a concert hall
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Memory
How is memory measured?
p. 197 Fig. 4-16 Next
Term Abbreviation Approximate Size
Kilobyte KB or K 1 thousand bytes
Megabyte MB 1 million bytes
Gigabyte GB 1 billion bytes
Terabyte TB 1 trillion bytes
By number of bytes available for storage
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Memory
What is random access memory (RAM)?
p. 198 Next
The more RAM a The more RAM a computer has, the computer has, the faster it respondsfaster it responds
Also called Also called main memory main memory
or primary or primary storagestorage
Most RAM is Most RAM is volatile, it is lost volatile, it is lost when computerwhen computer’’s s
power is power is turned offturned off
Memory chips that can be Memory chips that can be read from and written read from and written
to by processorto by processor
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 4, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click RAM below Chapter
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Memory
Where does memory reside?
p. 199 Fig. 4-18 Next
Resides on small circuit board called memory moduleMemory slots on motherboard hold memory modules
memory chip
memory slot
dual inline memory module
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Memory
p. 199 Next
How much RAM does an application require?Depends on the types of software you plan to useFor optimal performance, you need more than minimum specifications
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Memory
How much RAM do you need?
p. 200 Fig. 4-19 Next
Depends on type of applications you intend to runon your computer
RAM
Use
256 MB to 1 GB 512 MB to 2 GB 2 GB and up
• Home and business
users managing
personal finance
• Using standard
application software
such as word processing
• Using educational
or entertainment
CD-ROMs
• Communicating with
others on the Web
• Users requiring more advanced
multimedia capabilities
• Running number-intensive
accounting, financial, or
spreadsheet programs
• Using voice recognition
• Working with videos, music, and
digital imaging
• Creating Web sites
• Participating in video conferences
• Playing Internet games
• Power users creating
professional Web sites
• Running sophisticated
CAD, 3D design, or
other graphics-intensive
software
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Memory
What is cache?
p. 201 Fig. 4-20 Next
L1 cache built into processorL2 cache slower but has larger capacityL2 advanced transfer cache is faster, built directly on processor chipL3 cache is separate from processor chip on motherboard (L3 is only on computers that use L2 advanced transfer cache)
Helps speed computer processes by storing frequently used instructions and dataAlso called memory cache
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 4, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Cache below Chapter
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Memory
What is CMOS?
p. 203 Next
Uses battery power to retain
information when other power is
turned off
Stores date, time, and
computer’s startup
information
Complementary metal-oxide
semiconductor memory
Used in some RAM chips, flash
memory chips, and other types of memory chips
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Expansion Slots and Adapter Cards
What is an adapter card?
p. 204 Fig. 4-24 Next
Enhances system unit or provides connections to external devices called peripheralsAlso called an expansion card
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 4, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Sound Cards below Chapter 4
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Expansion Slots and Adapter Cards
What is an expansion slot?
p. 204 - 205 Fig. 4-25 Next
An opening, or socket, on the motherboard that can hold an adapter cardWith Plug and Play, the computer automatically configures cardsand other devices as you install them
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Expansion Slots and Adapter Cards
What are PC cards, and flash memory cards?
p. 205 Fig. 4-26–4-27 Next
A PC card adds memory, storage, sound, fax/modem, communications, and other capabilities to notebook computersA flash memory card allows users to transfer data from mobile devices to desktop computers
USB Flash drive
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 4, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Removable Flash Memory Devices below Chapter 4
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Ports and Connectors
What are ports and connectors?
p. 206 Fig. 4-28 Next
Port connects external devices to system unitConnector joins cable to peripheral
Available in one of two genders: male and female
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 4, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Ports and Connectors below Chapter 4
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Ports and Connectors
What are different types of connectors?
p. 207 Fig. 4-29 Next
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Third USB device connects to second USB
device, and so on
Third USB device connects to second USB
device, and so on
Second USB device connects
to first USB device
Second USB device connects
to first USB deviceFirst USB
device connects to USB port on computer
First USB device connects
to USB port on computer
Single USB port can be used to attach
multiple peripherals in a daisy chain
Single USB port can be used to attach
multiple peripherals in a daisy chain
PCs typically have six to eight USB ports
on front or back of the system unit
PCs typically have six to eight USB ports
on front or back of the system unit
Ports and Connectors
What are USB ports?
p. 208 Next
USB (universal serial bus) port can connect up to 127 different peripherals together
with a single connector type
USB (universal serial bus) port can connect up to 127 different peripherals together
with a single connector type
USB 2.0
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External peripherals might use an AC
adapter, which is an external power supply
Power Supply
What is a power supply?
p. 213 Next
ConvertsAC Power
intoDC Power
Fan keepssystem unit components
cool
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Mobile Computers and Devices
What is a mobile computer?
p. 213 - 214 Fig. 4-37 Next
Notebook, weighing between 2.5 and 9 pounds, or mobile device such as a PDA
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Mobile Computers and Devices
What ports are on a notebook computer?
p. 214 Fig. 4-38 Next
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Mobile Computers and Devices
What ports and slots are on a tablet PC?
p. 214 Fig. 4-39 Next
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Putting It All Together
What are suggested processor, clock speed, and RAM requirements based on the needs of various types of users?
p. 215 Fig. 4-40 Next
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Keeping Your Computer Clean
Over time, the system unit collects dust – even in a clean environment
p. 216 Fig. 4-41 Next
Preventative maintenance requires a few basic products:
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Storage
What is storage?
p. 354 Fig. 7-1 Next
Holds data, instructions, and information for future useStorage medium is physical material used for storage
Also called secondary storage
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Storage
What is capacity?
p. 356 Next
Kilobyte (KB) 1 thousand
Megabyte (MB) 1 million
Gigabyte (GB) 1 billion
Terabyte (TB) 1 trillion
Petabyte (PB) 1 quadrillion
Number of bytes (characters) a storage medium can hold
Exabyte (EB) 1 quintillion
Zettabyte (ZB) 1 sextillion
Yottabyte (YB) 1 septillion
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Floppy Disk Small files to be transported
Secondary Storage
Primary Storage
Hard Disk
Flash Memory Cards and USB Flash Drives
CDs and DVDs
Tape
Items waiting to be interpretedand executed by the processor
Operating system, applicationsoftware, user data and information
Digital pictures or files to be transported
Software, backups, movies, music
Backups
Memory (most RAM)
Stores …Transfer rates
What is access time?Time it takes storage device to locate item on storage medium
Storage
p. 357 Fig. 7-4 Next
Time required to deliver item from memory to processor
fastertransfer
rates
slowertransfer
rates
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Perpendicular recording
Magnetic Disks
What is a hard disk?
p. 358 Fig. 7-6 Next
hard disk installedin system unit
High-capacity storageConsists of several inflexible, circular platters that store items electronicallyComponents enclosed in airtight, sealed case for protection
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 7, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Perpendicular Recording below Chapter 7
Longitudinal recording
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Optical Discs
What are CD-Rs and CD-RWs?
p. 371 Next
Must haveCD recorder
or CD-R drive
Cannot erasedisc’s contents
CD-R (compact disc-recordable)—cdisc you can write on once
CD-RW (compact disc-rewritable)—ceerasable disc you can write on
multiple timesMust have
CD-RW softwareand CD-RW drive
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 7, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click CD-Rs and CD-RWsbelow Chapter 7
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Optical Discs
What is a DVD-ROM (digital versatile disc-ROM or digital video disc-ROM)?
p. 372 Fig. 7-24 Next
Must have DVD-ROM drive or DVD player to read DVD-ROMStores databases, music, complex software, and moviesBlu-ray discs have storage capacity of up to 27 GBHD-DVD discs have storage capacity of up to 45 GBUMD can store up to 1.8 GB
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Optical Discs
How does a DVD-ROM store data?
p. 372 Fig. 7-25 Next
Two layers of pits are used, lower layer is semitransparent so laser can read throughSome are double-sidedMany types of recordable and rewritable DVDs are available
DVD-R and DVD+RDVD-RW and DVD+RW
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 7, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click DVDsbelow Chapter 7
AgendaWindows XP License KeySOFTWARE IN THE CDSOFTWARE IN THE CDMalicious SoftwareMalicious SoftwareMalicious SoftwareMalicious SoftwareMalicious SoftwareMalicious SoftwareThe System UnitThe System UnitThe System UnitProcessorProcessorProcessorProcessorMemoryMemoryMemoryMemoryMemoryMemoryMemoryMemoryExpansion Slots and Adapter CardsExpansion Slots and Adapter CardsExpansion Slots and Adapter CardsPorts and ConnectorsPorts and ConnectorsPorts and ConnectorsPower SupplyMobile Computers and DevicesMobile Computers and DevicesMobile Computers and DevicesPutting It All TogetherKeeping Your Computer CleanStorageStorageStorageMagnetic DisksOptical DiscsOptical DiscsOptical Discs