BENGKEL

KECEMERLANGAN

PHYSICS 2013

SMK (P) Air Panas

EN THONG KS

„UNDERSTAND

FORMULA AND ABLE

HOW TO USE IT!!‟

1. Diagram 10.1 and 10.2 show two similar bulbs which is each one is connected to a dry cell, 1.5V 3W.

Rajah 10.1 dan 10.2 menunjukkan dua biji mentol yang sama di mana setiap satunya disambung kepada satu

sel kering 1.5V 3W.

Diagram 10.1 / rajah 10.1 Diagram 10.2 / rajah 10.2

(a) (i) What is meant by 1.5V, 3W.

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan 1.5V, 3W.

[ 1 mark / markah]

(ii) Using diagram 10.1 and diagram 10.2 , compare the brightness of the bulb and thickness of wire.

Relate brightness of the bulb and thickness of the wire.

Berdasarkan rajah 10.1 dan rajah 10.2, bandingkan kecerahan mentol dan ketebalan wayar.

Hubungkaitkan kecerahan mentol dan ketebalan wayar.

[ 4 marks / markah ]

(b) Diagram 10.3 shows a bulb labeled 12V 24W

Diagram 10.3/ Rajah 10.3

(i) Why filament R is made of high resistance conductor?

Mengapa R dibuat dari konduktor berintangan tinggi?

[ 1 mark / markah ]

R

(ii) State two factor that affected the resistance of the conductor.

Describe how the factors can affect the resistance of conductor.

Nyatakan dua factor yang mempengaruhi rintangan konduktor.

Huraikan bagaimana factor-faktor itu mempengaruhi rintangan konduktor itu.

[ 4 marks / markah ]

(c) As an engineer , you are given a task to determine the type of wire that is suitable to be used for

connecting electrical devices in a house.

Sebagai seorang jurutera anda di berikan tugasan untuk menentukan jenis dawai yang

sesuai digunakan sebagai dawai penyambung peralatan elektrik dalam rumah.

State and explain the suitability based on the following aspects:

Nyatakan dan terangkan kesesuaian berdasarkan aspek berikut:

(i) resistance of wire / rintangan wayar

(ii) melting point of wire / takat lebur dawai

(iii) rate of rusting of wire / kadar pengaratan wayar

(iv) density of wire / ketumpatan wayar

(v) rate of expansion of wire / kadar pengembangan wayar

[10 markah]

1. Diagram 3.1 shows a mineral bottle is placed at the surface under a swimming pool. Diagram 3.2

shows a same size of mineral bottle been placed deep under into the swimming pool. The mineral

bottle suddenly crumple at the base of the swimming pool.

Rajah 3.1 menujukkan sebuah botol mineral diletak pada permukaan bawah sebuah kolam renang. Rajah 3.2

menunjukkan botol mineral yang sama size yang diletakkkan di permukaan bawah sebuah kolam renang. Botol

mineral tersebut tiba-tiba kempis di bawah dasar kolam renang.

Diagram 3.1 / Rajah 3.1 Diagram 3.2 / Rajah 3.2

Based on your observation on the condition of the mineral bottle ;

Berdasarkan pemerhatian ke atas bentuk botol mineral di atas;

(c ) With use of apparatus such as a thistle funnel, a manometer and other

apparatus, describe an experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b)

Dengan menggunakan radas seperti manometer, corong thistle dan lain-lain radas yang sesuai,

terangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang dinyatakan di 3(b).

2. Diagram 3 shows two similar catapults A and B which are applied with the force of 10 N and 20 N

respectively.

Rajah 3 menunjukkan dua buah lastik A dan B yang serupa, masing-masing dikenakan dengan daya 10 N

dan 20 N.

c) With the use of apparatus such as spring, retort stand and the other apparatus, describe an experimental

framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b).

Dengan menggunakan radas seperti spring, kaki retort dan lain-lain radas yang sesuai, terangkan satu

rangka kerja eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang dinyatakan dalam 3(b).

3. In Diagram 3, a boat is moored at the mouth of a river. A man in the boat observed an object in the water during low tide. He found that the object appears nearer to the

surface of the water. In the late afternoon when the tide was high, the man observed the same object.

He discovered that the distance of the object from the surface of the water had increased.

Diagram 3

With the aid of apparatus and materials such as a tall jar, optical pin, metre rule and

other apparatus describe the experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated

in 3(b).

4. Diagram 4 shows two identical bulbs A and B connected to a cell. The wire connected to both bulbs A

and B have the same length and cross-sectional area except that the wire connected to bulb A is heated

by a candle. It was observed that bulb B is brighter than bulb A.

Diagram 4

With the use of apparatus such as thermometer, wires, ammeter, voltmeter and

other suitable apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the

hypothesis stated in 4(b).

Catapult A / Lastik A Catapult B / Lastik B

Bare wires

5.

6.

Section A

1 A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the object distance, u and the image

distance, v, of a convex lens with focal length, f,. The apparatus is set up as shown in Diagram 1.1

Seorang pelajar menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji hubungan antara jarak objek, u dan jarak imej,

v bagi kanta cembung yang mempunyai panjang fokus, f. Radas disediakan seperti Rajah 1.1.

DIAGRAM 1.1

RAJAH 1.1

Convex lens Kanta cembung

Light bulb mentol

Sharp image

Imej tajam

screen skrin

Metre rule Pembaris meter

The object distance is fixed at u = 34 cm, 30 cm, 26 cm, 20 cm and 16 cm. The convex lens is placed at the

“zero” mark on the scale of the metre rule when the image distance, v, is measured.

Jarak objek ditetapkan pada u = 34 cm, 30 cm, 26 cm, 20 cm dan 16 cm. Kanta cembung diletakkan pada

kedudukan “sifar” di pembaris meter apabila jarak imej, v, diukur.

Diagram 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6 showed the end part of metre rule when the image

distance, v, is measured.

Rajah 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 dan 1.6 menunjukkan bahagian akhir pembaris meter semasa jarak imej,v , diukur.

Imej

Skrin

DIAGRAM 1.2: Object distance,u= 34 cm

RAJAH 1.2. Jarak objek, u = 34 cm

Imej

Skrin

DIAGRAM 1.3: Object distance,u= 30 cm

RAJAH 1.3: Jarak objek, u = 30 cm

Imej

Skrin

DIAGRAM 1.4: Object distance,u = 26 cm

(a) For the experiment described above, identify:

Daripada penerangan eksperimen di atas, kenalpasti:

(i) The manipulated variable

Pembolehubah manipulasi

………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark / markah]

(ii) The responding variable

Pembolehubah bergerakbalas

………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark / markah]

(iii) The constant variable

Pembolehubah dimalarkan

………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark / markah]

Imej

Skrin

DIAGRAM 1.5: Object distance,u = 20 cm

RAJAH 1.5. Jarak objek, u = 20 cm

Imej

Skrin

DIAGRAM 1.6: Object distance,u = 16 cm

RAJAH 1.6. Jarak objek, u = 16 cm

(b) Based on diagram 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6, determine the magnitude of v, u

1 and

v

1, when u is equal

to 34.0 cm, 30.0 cm, 26.0 cm, 20.0 cm and 16.0 cm.

Berdasarkan Rajah 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 dan 1.6 tentukan nilai v, u

1 dan

v

1, apabila u ialah 34.0 cm,

30.0 cm, 26.0 cm, 20.0 cm dan 16.0 cm.

Tabulate the values of u, v, u

1 and

v

1 in the space below.

Jadualkan nilai-nilai bagi u, v,u

1 dan

v

1 pada ruangan di bawah.

[7 marks / markah]

(c) On the graph paper, plot a graph of v

1 against

u

1.

[5 marks / markah]

(d) Based on your graph, state the relationship between v

1 and

u

1.

…………………………………………………………………………………………...

[1 mark / markah]

Figure 1.4 / Rajah 1.4:

Angle of incidence / Sudut tuju, i = 40

Angle of refraction / Sudut biasan, r = …………..

Hafiz carried out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the terminal voltage, V, and the current

flows, I using an ammeter, a rheostat and a voltmeter.

.

The results of the experiment is shown in graph of V against I as shown in Diagram 2.1.

Keputusan eksperimen ditunjukkan dalam graf V melawan I seperti ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 2.1.

(a) Based on the graph in Diagram 2.1,

Berdasarkan graf dalam Rajah 2.1,

Diagram 2.1 / Rajah 2.1

Graph of V against I Graf V melawan I

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Current / A Arus / A

1.2

Voltage / V Voltan / V

(i) What happens to the value of V, as the current flow, I, increases?

Apakah yang akan berlaku terhadap nilai V, jika arus yang mengalir bertambah?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………...

[1 mark / markah]

(ii) Determine the value of V when I = 0. Show on the graph, how you determine the value of V.

Tentukan nilai V apabila I = 0. Tunjukkan di atas graf bagaimana anda menentukan nilai V.

V = …………………..

[2 marks / markah]

(b) The magnitude of the gradient of the graph represents the internal resistance of the battery, r. State

how the internal resistance varies with current.

Magnitud kecerunan graf itu mewakili rintangan dalam sel itu, r. Nyatakan bagaiamana rintangan

berubah dengan arus

………………………………………………………………………………………………...

[1 mark / markah]

(c) Calculate the magnitude of the gradient of the graph, r. Show on the graph how you determine value

of r.

Kirakan kecerunan graf, r. Tunjukkan di atas graf bagaimana nilai r ditentukan

r =……………………………………

[3 marks / markah]

(d) The electromotive force, E of the battery is given by the formula V = - Ir + E where r is the

magnitude of the gradient of the graph, V and I are the corresponding voltage and current.

Daya gerak elektrik bateri itu, E, ditakrifkan sebagai V = - Ir + E di mana r ialah magnitud

kecerunan graf itu, V dan I ialah Voltan dan arus yang sepadan.

Calculate the electromotive force, E of the battery when I = 0.40 A Kirakan daya gerak elektrik bateri itu, E apabila I = 0.40 A

E = ..................................................

[2 marks / markah]

(e) The experiment is then repeated using another battery of electromotive force, E = 6.0 V. When

the electric current, I is set to 0.5 A, the voltmeter shows a reading of 4.0 V.

Calculate the internal resistance, r of the battery.

Eksperimen itu kemudiannya diulang menggunakan suatu bateri yang lain dengan daya gerak

elektrik, E = 6.0 V. Apabila arus elektrik, I ditetapkan kepada 0.5 A, voltmeter menunjukkan bacaan

4.0 V.

Hitung rintangan dalam, r bagi bateri tersebut.

2 marks / markah]

(f) State one precaution that should be taken to improve the results of the experiment. Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil untuk memperbaiki keputusan

eksperimen

………………………………………………………………………………………………...

………………………………………………………………………………………………...

[1 mark / markah]

1. A student carried out an experiment to find out the relationship between the terminal voltage, V, and the electric

current, I, and to determine the electromotive force, E and the internal resistance of the cell. The student repeated the

experiment at five different electric current.

The results of the experiment are shown on a graph of V against I as in Figure 2.1

FIGURE 2.1 / Rajah 2.1

V / V

I / A

Graph of V against I Graf V melawan I

0.6 0.1 0.2 0.3

0.4 0.5 0.7

0.25

0.50

0.75

1.00

1.25

1.50

1.75

(a) Based on the graph in Figure 2.1,

Berdasarkan graf dalam Rajah 2.1,

(i) state the relationship between V and I.

nyatakan hubungan antara V dan I.

………………………………………………………………………………

[ 1 mark /markah]

(ii) determine the terminal voltage, V when the electric current, I = 0.3 A. Show on the graph, how you determine V.

tentukan voltan terminal, V, apabila arus elektrik, I = 0.3 A

Tunjukkan pada graf, bagaimana anda menentukan V.

V = ……………………. V

[2 marks/markah ]

(b) The electromotive force, E is given by the intercept of V-axis of the graph V against I.

Determine the electromotive force of the cell.

Show on the graph, how you determine E.

Daya gerak elektrik, E, diberikan oleh pintasan di paksi-V bagi graf V melawan I. Tentukan daya gerak

elektrik bagi sel itu.

Tunjukkan pada graf, bagaimana anda menentukan E.

E = ……………………. V

[2 marks/markah]

(c) The internal resistance, r is given by the following equation:

Rintangan dalam, r, diberikan oleh persamaan berikut:

r = -m

where m is the gradient of the graph V against I.

di mana m adalah kecerunan bagi graf V melawan I.

(i) Determine the gradient of the graph V against I.

Show on the graph how you determine the gradient, m.

Tentukan kecerunan bagi graf V melawan I.

Tunjukkan pada graf, bagaimana anda menentukan kecerunan, m, tersebut.

m = …………………………. [ 3 marks/markah]

(ii) Hence, determine the internal resistance, r.

Maka, tentukan rintangan dalam, r.

r = ……………………………

[ 1 mark/markah]

(d) The experiment is repeated using a different cell of internal resistance, r = 1.6 Ω.

When the electric current is adjusted to 0.5 A, the terminal voltage obtained is 1.2 V.

Calculate the electromotive force, E’ of the cell.

Eksperimen itu diulangi menggunakan sebuah sel lain yang mempunyai rintangan dalam, r = 1.6 Ω.

Apabila arus elektrik dilaraskan kepada 0.5 A, voltan terminal yang diperolehi adalah 1.2 V.

Hitung daya gerak elektrik, E’ bagi sel tersebut.

E’ = ……………………………

[ 2 marks/markah]

(e) State one precaution that should be taken during the experiment.

Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil sepanjang eksperimen itu.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………….………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………….

[ 1 mark/markah]