Bendix/King Silver Crown Plus Avionics Systems Pilot’s...

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Bendix/KingSilver Crown Plus™

Avionics SystemsPilot’s Guide

Audio Panel SystemsCommunication TransceiversNav/Comm SystemsNavigation ReceiverDME SystemsADF SystemTransponders

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Silver Crown Plus R4 11/18/02 1:00 PM Page 42

The information contained in this manual is for reference use only. If anyinformation contained herein conflicts with similar information con-tained in the Airplane Flight Manual Supplement, the information in theAirplane Flight Manual Supplement shall take precedence.

WARNING

Prior to export of this document, review for export license requirement is need-ed.

COPYRIGHT NOTICE

©1998 - 2002 Honeywell International Inc.All rights reserved.

Reproduction of this publication or any portion thereof by any means withoutthe express written permission of Honeywell International Inc. is prohibited.For further information contact the Manager, Technical Publications;Honeywell Business & General Aviation; One Technology Center; 23500 West105th Street; Olathe, Kansas 66061. Telephone: (913) 782-0400.


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KN 62A and KN 64

OperationTurn on the unit only after engine

start-up. Also, turn avionics off prior toengine shut-down. These simple pre-cautions should be practiced with allavionics. It will protect the solid-statecircuitry from short duration high volt-age spikes and extend the operationallife of your avionics.

The 3-position function switchdetermines both the information dis-played and the channeling source.

Place the function switch onFrequency (FREQ). The unit is chan-neled internally with its own two con-centric frequency selection knobs. Thesmaller of the two knobs has an “in”and an “out” position. When in the “in”position, this smaller knob changes the0.1 MHz digit (0.0, 0.1, 0.2, etc.).When pulled “out”, it adds 0.05 MHz tothe frequency and tunes in 0.1 MHzsteps (0.05, 0.15, 0.25, etc.). Pushingthe smaller knob “in” subtracts 0.05MHz from the displayed frequency.The outer, larger knob changes thelarger digits (1 MHz, 10 MHz). InFREQ mode, the unit will display dis-tance and the selected frequency. (SeeFigure 19.)

FIGURE 19.Distance/Frequenc. FREQ Mode.

Now move the function switch tothe Groundspeed/Time-to-Station(GS/T) position. The unit will hold theinternally selected frequency and willdisplay distance, groundspeed andtime-to-station. (See Figure 20.)

FIGURE 20.Distance/Groundspeed/TTS GS/T Mode.

Rotating the frequency selector willhave no effect on the display, becausethe DME is in “Frequency Hold”. Thisfrequency hold feature in the GS/Tmode prevents accidental rechannelingof the DME when the frequency is notdisplayed.

Place the function switch in theRemote* (RMT) position, and yourDME will be channeled when you

KN 62A and KN 64TSO’d Silver Crown Digital DMEsOperating the KN 62A and KN 64 DMEs

7-Segment GasDischarge Displays

3-Position Function Switch for: • Remote (RMT) Tuning• Frequency (FREQ) Readout• Groundspeed/Time-to-Station (GS/T) Readout

Photocellfor AutomaticDimming

ON/OFFSwitch

FrequencySelectorKnobs


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Silver Crown Plus Pilot’s Guide

select your NAV frequency on the NAVreceiver. Search time is usually aboutone second. When the unit locks on aground station, it will display distance,groundspeed and time-to-station. (SeeFigure 21.)

FIGURE 21.Distance/Groundspeed/TTS RMT Mode.

Prior to lock on, “dashes” will bedisplayed. (See Figure 22.)

FIGURE 22.Prior to Lock On.

Note that you may have two fre-quencies available at all times (oneremotely selected on the NAV receiverand one internally selected with theunit’s controls).

*Remote channeling requires wiringto the NAV receiver.Operational Notes

The KN 62A and KN 64 have anaudio output for use in identifying theDME ground station being received.The audio level is preset at the factory,but may be easily adjusted through thetop cover.

The unit electronically converts todistance the elapsed time required forsignals to travel to and from the groundstation. This distance is then indicatedin nautical miles on the Distance/Speed/Time-to-Station display. Thisdistance, commonly referred to as slantrange distance, should not be confusedwith actual along-the-ground distance.The difference between actual grounddistance and slant range is least at low

altitude and/or long range. If the rangeis three times the altitude or greater,error is negligible.

The effective range of DMEdepends on many factors, most impor-tant being the altitude of the aircraft.Other contributing factors are the loca-tion and elevation of the station, DMEtransmitter power output, and receiversensitivity.

The groundspeed feature incorpo-rated in the unit measures the rate ofchange in DME slant range distancewith time. This speed is then read from0 to 999 knots in 1 knot increments. Toobtain accurate groundspeed, the air-craft must be tracking directly to or fromthe station. To obtain accurate time tostation, the aircraft must be trackingdirectly to the station.


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KR 87

KI 227KS 227-00 shown, non-slaved, standard

KI 227-01 slaved, optional

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ANT/ADFMode Annunciation

IN USEFrequency

BFOAnnunciation

STANDBYFrequencyAnnunciation

STANDBY Frequency,FLIGHT TIME orELAPSED TIME

Flight timer andElapsed timermode annunciation

ON/OFF/VOLControl Switch

Select ANT mode(out position)Select ADF mode(in position)

FrequencyTransferButton

Select FLIGHTTIMER orELAPSED TIMER

Set and ResetELAPSED TIMER

SelectBFOButton

LubberLine

BearingPointer

HeadingKnob

“SYNC”Knob

CompassCard

FrequencySelectKnobs

KI 228Slaved KI 228-01 shown.Standard KI 228-00 alsoavailable with manuallyrotatable compass card.

KI 229 KNI 582

KR 87Silver Crown ADF SystemOperating the KR 87


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Turn-onRotate the ON/OFF/VOL knob

clockwise from the detented “OFF”position. The unit will be activated andwill be ready to operate. Rotation ofthis control also adjusts audio volume.The KR 87 has “audio muting” whichcauses the audio output to be mutedunless the receiver is locked on a validstation.Frequency Selection

The active frequency (to which theADF is tuned) is displayed in the leftside of the window at all times. Astandby frequency is displayed in theright side when “FRQ” is annunciated.The standby frequency is placed in“blind” memory when either FLT (FlightTime) or ET (Elapsed Time) mode isselected.

With “FRQ” annunciated, the stand-by frequency is selected using the fre-quency select knobs which may berotated either clockwise or counter-clockwise. Pull the small inner knobout to tune 1’s. Push the smaller innerknob in to tune 10’s. The outer knobtunes the 100’s and the 1000’s up to1799.

The standby frequency selectedmay then be put into the active windowby pressing the “FRQ” button. Thestandby and active frequencies will beexchanged (flip-flopped), the new fre-quency will become active, and the for-mer active frequency will go into stand-by.Operating Modes

Antenna (ANT) mode is selectedand annunciated when the “ADF” but-ton is in the “out” position. ANT pro-vides improved audio reception fromthe station tuned and is usually usedfor identification. The bearing pointer inthe KI 227 indicator will be deactivated

and immediately turn to the 90° relativeposition and remain there during ANTreception.

The ADF mode is selected andannunciated when the “ADF” button isin the depressed position. ADF acti-vates the bearing pointer in the KI 227indicator, causing it to move withouthesitation to point in the direction of thestation relative to the aircraft heading.The compass card on the KI 227 maybe rotated as desired by using theheading knob.NOTE: The KI 227-01 or KI 228-01 indi-cators, when installed with a Bendix/KingKCS 55A Compass System, have aslaved compass card. Magnetic headingof the aircraft will be under the lubberline. The indication of this compasscard should be compared with that ofthe KI 525A master indicator from timeto time. Check especially after steepbank turns and taxi turns. If a discrep-ancy between the two readings exists,the KI 227-01 or KI 228-01 compasscard should be synchronized to the KI 525A compass card by rotating the“SYNC” knob on the indicator.

Outside of the United States somestations are unmodulated and use aninterrupted carrier for identification pur-poses. The BFO mode, activated andannunciated when the “BFO” button isdepressed, permits the carrier waveand the associated Morse code identifi-er broadcast on the carrier wave to beheard.ADF Test(PRE-FLIGHT OR IN-FLIGHT)

Select ANT mode. This will causethe bearing pointer to move directly to

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the parked 90° position. Make sure theunit is tuned to a usable frequency.Now select ADF mode and the needleshould move without hesitation to thestation bearing. Excessive sluggish-ness, wavering or reversals indicate asignal that is too weak or a system mal-function.Operating the Timers

The flight timer will always be auto-matically reset to :00 whenever poweris interrupted either by the avionicsmaster switch or the unit’s ON/OFFswitch. An optional external switchmay be installed which, when activated,will stop or start the flight timer. Thisswitch would be of use during a non-refueling stop when resetting the flighttimer is not desired. On some aircraft itmay be desirable to use the aircraftstrut switch instead of a manual switchto stop and start the flight timer. Itshould be emphasized that thestart/stop function will only operate withpower applied to the unit. Always readflight time prior to power shutdown.

Flight time or elapsed time are dis-played and annunciated alternatively bydepressing the FLT/ET button. Theflight timer continues to count up untilthe unit is turned off or stopped with anexternal switch. The elapsed timer maybe reset back to :00 by pressing theSET/RST button. It will then startcounting up again. (NOTE: pressingthe SET/RST button will reset theelapsed timer whether it is being dis-played or not.)

The elapsed timer also has a“count-down” mode. To enter thecountdown mode, the SET/RST buttonis depressed for about two seconds, or

until the “ET” annunciation begins toflash. It is now in the ET set mode, anda time up to 59 minutes, 59 secondsmay be preset into the elapsed timerwith the concentric knobs. The presettime will be displayed and remainunchanged until SET/RST is pressedagain, which will start the elapsed timercounting down from the preset time.When the timer reaches :00 it will startto count up as the display flashes for15 seconds and an aural alarm, ifinstalled, is activated for about 1 sec-ond.NOTE: The standby frequency which isin memory while flight time or elapsedtime modes are being displayed may becalled back by pressing the FRQ button,then transferred to active use by pressingthe FRQ button again.

While FLT or ET is displayed the “inuse” frequency on the left side of thewindow may be changed, by using thefrequency select knobs, without anyeffect on the stored standby frequencyor the other modes. This feature isespecially useful when searching forstations with unknown frequencies.Erroneous ADF Bearings Dueto Radio FrequencyPhenomenaStation Overlap

In the U.S., the FCC, which assignsAM radio frequencies, occasionally willassign the same frequency to more thanone station in an area. Certain condi-tions, such as Night Effect, may causesignals from such stations to overlap.This should be taken into considerationwhen using AM broadcast stations fornavigation.

Sunspots and atmospheric phenom-ena may occasionally distort receptionso that signals from two stations on thesame frequency will overlap. For thisreason it is always wise to make positiveidentification of the station being tuned,by switching the function selector to ANTand listening for station call letters.

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KR 87


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Electrical StormsIn the vicinity of electrical storms,

an ADF Indicator pointer tends to swingfrom the station tuned toward the elec-trical discharges. Location of the stormcan be useful information, but the errat-ic behavior of the pointer should betaken into account.Night Effect

This is a disturbance particularlystrong just after sunset and just afterdawn. An ADF indicator pointer mayswing erratically at these times. If pos-sible, tune to the most powerful stationat the lowest frequency. If this is notpossible, take the average of pointeroscillations to determine relative stationbearing.

Mountain EffectRadio waves reflecting from the

surface of mountains may cause thepointer to fluctuate or show an erro-neous bearing. This should be takeninto account when taking bearings overmountainous terrain.Coastal Refraction

Radio waves may be refractedwhen passing from land to sea or whenmoving parallel to the coastline. Thisshould be taken into account whenoperating near coastal areas.


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KT 76C

About TranspondersYour Honeywell Bendix/King

transponder is a radio transmitter andreceiver which operates on radar fre-quencies. Receiving ground radarinterrogations at 1030 MHz, it returns acoded response of pulses to ground-based radar on a frequency of 1090MHz.

As with other Mode A/Mode Ctransponders, the KT 76C replies withany one of 4,096 codes, which differ inthe position and number of pulsestransmitted. By “replying” to groundtransmissions, your KT 76C enablesATC computers to display aircraft iden-tification, altitude and ground speed onEnroute, Approach or DepartureControl radar screens. When theIDENT button is pressed, your aircraftwill be positively identified to the AirTraffic Controller.Operating the KT 76C

Before starting your aircraft’sengine, make sure that the KT 76Cfunction selector knob, or your avionicsmaster, is turned to OFF. After enginestart, turn the function selector knob toSBY (standby). Give your transponderabout 45 seconds to become opera-

tional. Select the proper reply code bypressing the desired code entry but-tons. The reply code will be displayedin the code window. Before takeoff,rotate the function selector knob to theALT (altitude) position for Mode C alti-tude reporting to ATC. If you do nothave an encoding altimeter, rotate thefunction switch to ON for Mode Areporting.Altitude Display

The KT 76C displays Flight LevelAltitude, marked by the letters “FL” anda number in hundreds of feet, on theleft side of the display. For example,the reading “FL 065” corresponds to thealtitude of 6,500 feet, referenced to29.92 inches of mercury (or 1013 hP)at sea level. Flight Level Altitude repre-sents “pressure altitude,” and shouldnot be confused with true altitude.Please note that the displayed altitudemay not agree exactly with the aircraft’saltimeter when flying below 18,000 feet,because encoders are preset to 29.92inches of mercury. An encoder’s alti-tude transmission is automatically cor-rected for proper altimeter setting by aground based computer, to present thecorrect altitude to the controller.

KT 76CBendix/King Panel-Mounted TransponderKT 76C OPERATION

IDTButton

AltitudeWindow

ReplyIndicator

CodeWindow

CLRButton

Code EntryButtons

VFRButton

FunctionSelectorKnob


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Ranging from -1,000 to +99,000feet, Flight Level Altitude is displayedonly when altitude reporting is enabled.If the altitude window is blank or showsa series of dashes (as in the case of aninvalid altimeter code being reported),altitude reporting will be disabled.CLR Button

Code entry mistakes are corrected,one digit at a time, by pressing the CLRbutton and reentering the correct code.The last active code will be displayed ifa complete four-digit code has not beenentered and there is no activity on anyof the code entry buttons, the VFR but-ton, or the CLR button for four seconds.VFR Button

Momentarily pressing the VFR but-ton will enter a pre-programmed VFRcode, typically 1200, in the code win-dow. Pressing and holding the VFRbutton for two seconds will cause thelast active code to be displayed.

During installation, it may bedesired to set the default VFR code toa code other than 1200. The VFR codeis programmed by the followingsequence:

1. Place the unit in standby.2. Enter the desired VFR code with the

ident code pushbutton switches.3. Depress the “VFR” pushbutton while

holding the “IDT” pushbutton in itsdepressed position.

Reply IndicatorThe reply indicator blinks to indicate that

the KT 76C is functioning properly and replyingto interrogations.

Squawk IdentWhen you are asked to “ident” by ATC,

press the IDT button. The reply indicator willilluminate continuously for 18 seconds duringthe ident interval.

Important Codes7700 - Emergency7600 - Communication Failure7500 - Hijacking0000 - Military - DO NOT USE!See the Aeronautical Information Manual

(AIM) for detailed explanation of these codesand their use.


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