BELMANIP:Benchmark Land Multisite Analysis and

Intercomparison of Products

F. Baret, J. Morissette, R. Fernandes, J.L. Champeaux, R. Myneni, J. Chen,

S. Plummer, M. Weiss, C. Bacour

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 2/20

MotivationsThe validation of biophysical products (LAI, fAPAR, fCover, albedo, …) derived from medium resolution senors could be achieved by:

direct comparison to ground measurements : absolute validation such as VALERI, MODLAND, BIGFOOT, CCRS, BSNR…

but requires important efforts therefore only few sites availableRepresentativeness of the sites (time/space)

Inter-comparison of products (algorithms, sensors)Does not require ground measurements and therefore allow to include a larger number of sites for a better temporal and spatial representativenessRequires a global coordination under CEOS for better efficiency

Propose a network of sites covering the whole earth surface and representing the several surface types and conditionsPropose a common period for intercomparisonPropose a standard format for cross comparison between productsPropose a mechanism to share products extracts

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 3/20

ObjectivesEvaluate the representativeness of absolute validation sites

Propose a network of sites for indirect evaluation: BELMANIP

Inter-comparaison,

Temporal consistency

Internal consistency of products (LAI/albedo/fAPAR, …)

Representativeness based on ECOCLIMAP classification/climatology

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 4/20

Outlook

ECOCLIMAP: brief presentation

Main statistics from ECOCLIMAP

Representativeness of direct validation sites

Building up BELMANIP networkFLUXNET

AERONET

COMPLET

Conclusion

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 5/20

ECOCLIMAP

218 classes used including 90 for Europe (CORINE) and 128 pour le remaining world

1/120° resolution (about 1km at the equator)

15 biomes (cover map DCW, IGBP, CORINE, PELCOM) 16 climate types (Koeppe & De Long, 1958)

V. Masson, J. L. Champeaux, F. Chauvin, C. Meriguer, and R. Lacaze, "A global database of land surface parameters at 1km resolution in meteorological and climate models," Journal of Climate, 2003.

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 6/20

Statistics derived from ECOCLIMAP

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000

100

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Map of the 7 dominant surface types Latitudinal distribution LAI distributionHeterogeneity of LAI

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 7/20

Map of dominant components

The initial 15 surface types were grouped into 7 componentsMap of the dominant surface types at 1° 1° resolution

Bare Water DBF ENF EBF Crops Grass

Bare Water DBF ENF EBF Crops Grass

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 8/20

Latitudinal Distribution

0 0.005 0.01 0.015

-60

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0

20

40

60

fraction of continental surfaces

latit

ud

e (

°)

plate carréeortho

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

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0

20

40

60

component fraction (%)

latit

ud

e (

°)

GrassCropsEvergreen broadleafConifersDeciduous BroadleafBare surface

1° de résolution in latitude 10° de résolution en latitude

(/global area) (/emerged area)

Importance of northern mid latitudes Importance of ‘grass’ et deserts

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 9/20

Annual average LAI map

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Large variability within a each of the 7 surface types

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 10/20

Statistical distribution of LAI

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LAI

cum

ula

ted

fre

que

ncy

(%

)

1.0334>1.5758>2.2449

LAI max

LAI moy

LAI min

=Maximal annual value

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 11/20

Seasonality (only continental surfaces)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

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Time (Month)

Lat

itu

de

LAI

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 12/20

Representativeness of direct validation sites (DIRECT)

VALERI (27)

CCRS (27)

BIGFOOT (9)

Others (35)

TOTAL=100

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

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component fraction (%)

latit

ude

(°)GrassCropsEvergreen broadleafConifersDeciduous BroadleafBare surface

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

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component fraction (%)

latit

ud

e (

°)

GrassCropsEvergreen broadleafConifersDeciduous BroadleafBare surface

GLOBAL

DIRECT

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 13/20

Distribution of LAI for ‘DIRECT’

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LAIcu

mu

late

d fr

eq

ue

ncy

(%

)

DIRECT0 1 2 3 4 5 6

0

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LAI

cum

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fre

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cy (

%)

1.0334>1.5758>2.2449

GLOBAL

Component Fraction GLOBAL DIRECT FLUXNET AERONET COMPLET BELMANIP Grass 30.0 21.1 24.3 28.4 32.9 26.1 Crops 11.1 19.8 20.0 20.6 10.7 18.5 Evergreen Broadleaf 11.7 5.4 8.1 3.5 16.7 8.7 Evergreen Needleleaf 9.7 29.4 28.1 4.6 8.7 22.0 Deciduous Broadleaf 4.9 15.3 14.7 12.8 3.5 11.2 Bare surface 32.5 9.0 4.8 30.2 27.6 13.5 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number of sites - 100 188 52 78 377

GLOBAL DIRECT FLUXNET Minimum 1.03 (1.34) 1.21 (1.21) 1.33 (1.33) Average 1.58 (2.04) 2.23 (2.23) 2.37 (2.38)

Maximum 2.25 (2.90) 3.43 (3.44) 3.50 (3.52)

(without bare surfaces)

Average LAI valuesDistribution of components

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 14/20

Improving representativeness: BELMANIPUse of additional networks

FLUXNETAERONET

Eliminating replicates and sites with water >25% @ 88 km²Evaluation of the representativenessAdding sites to improve representativeness

Surface typesLatitudinal distributionLongitudinal distribution

Component Fraction GLOBAL DIRECT FLUXNET AERONET COMPLET BELMANIP Grass 30.0 21.1 24.3 28.4 32.9 26.1 Crops 11.1 19.8 20.0 20.6 10.7 18.5 Evergreen Broadleaf 11.7 5.4 8.1 3.5 16.7 8.7 Evergreen Needleleaf 9.7 29.4 28.1 4.6 8.7 22.0 Deciduous Broadleaf 4.9 15.3 14.7 12.8 3.5 11.2 Bare surface 32.5 9.0 4.8 30.2 27.6 13.5 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number of sites - 100 188 52 78 377

GLOBAL DIRECT FLUXNET AERONET COMPLET BELMANIP Minimum 1.03 (1.34) 1.21 (1.21) 1.33 (1.33) 1.10 (1.15) 1.28 (1.49) 1.27 (1.31) Average 1.58 (2.04) 2.23 (2.23) 2.37 (2.38) 1.60 (1.66) 1.79 (2.08) 2.14 (2.21)

Maximum 2.25 (2.90) 3.43 (3.44) 3.50 (3.52) 2.11 (2.20) 2.44 (2.84) 3.13 (3.24)

LAI

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 15/20

BELMANIP

D

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D DDD D

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-180 -150 -120 -90 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150

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100 DIRECT + 218 FLUXNET + 58 AERONET + 78 COMPLET= 377 BELMANIP

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 16/20

Latitudinale and surface types distribution

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component fraction (%)

latit

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e (

°)

GrassCropsEvergreen broadleafConifersDeciduous BroadleafBare surface

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component fraction (%)

latit

ud

e (

°)

GrassCropsEvergreen broadleafEvergreen NeedleleafDeciduous BroadleafBare surface

GLOBAL BELMANIP

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 17/20

LAI distribution

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LAI

cum

ula

ted

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qu

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cy (

%)

1.0334>1.5758>2.2449

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LAI

cum

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1.2661>2.137>3.1298

Global BELMANIP

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 18/20

CONCLUSION

Proposal for intercomparison network

Consensus between ‘producers’ to extract the BELMANIP sites

5050 km² area

over 2003

share the extracts to improve efficiency

Possible (annual) update of the network to account for new DIRECT sites

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 19/20

Example over one BELMANIP site

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0.5

1

1.5

2

Day Of the Year

Leaf

Are

a In

dex

Fundulea(# 317)ECOCLIMAP Composition: 22% Deciduous Broadleaf, 78% Crops

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0.2

0.4

0.6

Day Of the Year

fAP

AR

50 100 150 200 250 300 3500

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Day Of the Year

fCov

er

MERISMODISCYCLOPES V1ECOCLIMAP

EGU-Vienna 28/04/2005 20/20

Example: internal consistencyLAI/fAPAR relationships

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 70

0.2

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0.8

1MODIS

LAI

fAP

AR

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 70

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1CYCLOPES_V1

LAI

fAP

AR

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 70

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1CYCLOPES_V2

LAI

fAP

AR

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 70

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0.6

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1VALERI

LAI

fAP

AR

Bare

DBF

ENF

EBF

Crops

Grass