Bell Work12/2/2014

• The body system responsible for breaking down food into nutrients the body can use is the:

• A. nervous system

• B. reproductive system

• C. digestive system

• D. integumentary system

Need to Know

• Read the article, “Some of Chocolate’s Health Benefits…” Then explain two of the benefits of the bacteria in our guts. Use complete sentences and cite evidence from the text to explain your answer.

Objectives

• Can I explain the basic functions of a major organ system? (SPI0707.1.3)

Skeletal and Muscular Systems (one page)

Skeletal System (pg. 210-213)

• Bones, cartilage, and the connective tissue that holds bones together make up the skeletal system.

• Functions of the skeleton:1. Protection

2. Storage (minerals and fats)

3. Movement

4. Blood cell formation

Skeletal System

- very strong; supports body; makes up 80% of the bone

- full of pores, which are filled with marrow, nerves, and blood vessels that carry cells and nutrients in and out of the bone.

- red bond marrow (new red blood cells, white blood cells, & platelets are made); yellow bone marrow (made mostly of fat)

Stiff, flexible connective tissue

Skeletal System (pg. 210-213)

• A place where two or more bones meet is called a joint.

• Three Joints:1. Gliding Joint = hand & wrist2. Ball-and-Socket Joint = shoulder3. Hinge Joint = knee

• Joints are held together by ligaments.• Ligaments are strong elastic bands of

connective tissue.

• BrainPop Skeletal System

• BrainPop Joints

Muscular System (pg. 214-217)• The muscular system is made up of muscles

that let you move.

• Three kinds of muscles:1. Skeletal- enables bones to move (attached to bones)

2. Smooth- moves food through the digestive system (stomach)

3. Cardiac (heart)- pumps blood

Muscular System (pg. 214-217)• Strands of tough connective tissue called

tendons connect your skeletal muscles to bones.

• Muscles work in pairs:1. Flexor (biceps)- a muscle that bends part of

the body.

2. Extensor (triceps)- a muscle that straightens part of your body.

Drawings

• For each body system, draw and color at least one organ that belongs in that body system.

• For example:– Skeletal System = bones or the skeletal

system– Muscular System = one or all of the three

types of muscles (skeletal, cardiac, smooth)

• Use your textbook pictures or the sample sheet in the folder at your group.

Interesting FactsSkeletal System:• The longest bone is the 'femur',

in the thigh. It makes up almost one quarter of the body's total height.

• The smallest bone is the 'stirrup', deep in the ear. It is hardly larger than a grain of rice.

• The ears and end of the nose do not have bones inside them, they are made of cartilage.

• After death, cartilage rots faster than bone. This is why the skulls of skeletons have no nose or ears.

• Newborn babies are actually born with many more bones than adults (around 300), but many bones grow together, or fuse, as babies become older.

Muscular System:• There are about 60 muscles in

the face. Smiling is easier than frowning. It takes 20 muscles to smile and over 40 to frown.

• The smallest muscle in the body is the stapedius, deep in the ear. It is only 5mm long and thinner than cotton thread. It is involved in hearing.

• The biggest muscle in the body is the gluteus maximus, in the buttock.

• When building muscle, damage occurs within the muscle fibers in the form of tears. Your body will then repair this damage during your recovery periods. Additional tissue forms around the site of the injury, increasing the size of your muscles.

Human Body Systems Pictures

Human Body Books