Bell RingerBell Ringer___________________ took over France

in a ________________________ in 1799. What is a coup d’etat? Challenge – What did Napoleon sell

to the United States? (Hint: It was named after a French king and he did it to get back at England)

Congress of Vienna Congress of Vienna & &

Revolutions of 1848Revolutions of 1848

NEXT TIME/SOON:

We will…

You will be able to…

Describe the spread of revolutionary movements through Europe in 1848.

Today in classToday in class……

LanguageSocial Studies- Define: Nation-State- Read about the Ideal of

Nationalism and answer critical thinking questions.

- Identify the Congress of Vienna, its leader, and the outcome.

- Identify locations of European revolutions in 1848.

- Describe the outcomes of 1848.

Nation-State = Country where all the people share a common culture and identity

Congress of ViennaCongress of ViennaAfter After Napoleon’s Napoleon’s empire empire collapsed, a collapsed, a conference of conference of ambassadors of ambassadors of European European nations nations was was held in Vienna held in Vienna from September from September 1814 to June 1814 to June 1815.1815.

Let’s Go Back to Before 1789Let’s Go Back to Before 1789

Ahhh …the good,

old days … before 1789

…

The meetings were chaired by the The meetings were chaired by the Austrian prince Austrian prince Klemens von Klemens von Metternich.Metternich.

Objectives of the Congress of Objectives of the Congress of ViennaVienna

The Congress of Vienna wanted Europe to be like it was before the French Revolution.Contain FranceContain France by redrawing the by redrawing the map.map.Establish a Establish a Balance of Power.Balance of Power.Restore monarchiesRestore monarchies so another so another “Napoleon” could not take over.“Napoleon” could not take over.

Achievements and ResultsAchievements and Results

Boundaries of France were restored Boundaries of France were restored to the to the boundaries of 1789boundaries of 1789 Returned territories to many European Returned territories to many European

countriescountries Quadruple allianceQuadruple alliance (Britain, Austria, (Britain, Austria,

Russia, and Prussia)Russia, and Prussia) ““Concert of Europe”Concert of Europe” Alliance formed to control France and keep Alliance formed to control France and keep

peacepeace No major conflicts No major conflicts until 1914until 1914

Which came first?Which came first?

French Revolution French Revolution

OROR

Congress of ViennaCongress of Vienna

Who came first?Who came first?

Louis XVI Louis XVI

OROR

NapoleonNapoleon

Who came first?Who came first?

NapoleonNapoleon

OROR

MetternichMetternich

Which came first?Which came first?

French RevolutionFrench Revolution

OROR

American RevolutionAmerican Revolution

1848 1848 The Year of RevolutionsThe Year of Revolutions

Setting the StageSetting the Stage

The first major The first major revolution in Europe revolution in Europe was the was the French French Revolution.Revolution.

This sparked This sparked “firecracker “firecracker revolutions” revolutions” across across central Europe.central Europe.

Causes of Revolutions in Causes of Revolutions in 18481848

1.1. ClassClass struggles between the “Haves” struggles between the “Haves” and the and the “Have Nots”“Have Nots”

2.2. Economic Economic ProblemsProblems

3.3. The Revolutions were started by The Revolutions were started by middle class middle class populations (not populations (not working class)working class)

Economic ProblemsEconomic ProblemsNot enough jobs for everyoneNot enough jobs for everyoneFood shortagesFood shortages InflationInflationPovertyPoverty

Revolutions

New Ideologies DevelopNew Ideologies Develop

Conservatism: Conservatism: Wealthy landowners & Wealthy landowners & noblesnobles who wanted to keep the who wanted to keep the traditional traditional monarchies & class systemmonarchies & class system of Europe.of Europe.

Liberalism: Liberalism: Middle-class business Middle-class business leaders leaders who wanted to give more who wanted to give more political power to the political power to the elected elected governments.governments.

Immediate EffectsImmediate Effects

The Revolutions of 1848 had The Revolutions of 1848 had very few very few immediate immediate effects. By spring of the year, many revolts had effects. By spring of the year, many revolts had begun to begun to die down. die down. The revolutionaries all The revolutionaries all agreed that they wanted to agreed that they wanted to get rid of get rid of the old the old governments, but they governments, but they disagreed disagreed about what to about what to do next. These disagreements resulted in a lack do next. These disagreements resulted in a lack of of organizationorganization, which made it difficult for , which made it difficult for revolutionaries to continue to resist the armies of revolutionaries to continue to resist the armies of returning monarchs. Thus, by returning monarchs. Thus, by 18491849, Europe had , Europe had practically returned to its practically returned to its pre-1848pre-1848 status. status.

Lasting EffectsLasting Effects

The Revolutions of 1848 did have some long-The Revolutions of 1848 did have some long-term effects. While the revolutions’ new term effects. While the revolutions’ new governments could be easily governments could be easily destroyed,destroyed, the the forces of forces of changechange could not be stopped. Again could not be stopped. Again and again throughout the West there would be and again throughout the West there would be uprisings and demands for uprisings and demands for independenceindependence and an and an end to old empires. Also, the short-lived end to old empires. Also, the short-lived governments of 1848 were the beginnings of governments of 1848 were the beginnings of many more many more modern modern forms of government, such forms of government, such as as liberalismliberalism and and socialismsocialism, which are still , which are still around today. around today.

Which came first?Which came first?

Revolutions of 1848Revolutions of 1848

OROR

Congress of ViennaCongress of Vienna

Make a PredictionMake a Prediction