Bell Ringer Bell Ringer

John Adams – Second President / John Adams – Second President / Federalists/ Washington’s Vice-President Federalists/ Washington’s Vice-President

XYZ Affair – XYZ Affair – American merchant ships being seized by American merchant ships being seized by

French warshipsFrench warships French not happy with Jay’s treatyFrench not happy with Jay’s treaty

Adams sends delegates to France to Adams sends delegates to France to negotiatenegotiate French ministers (X, Y, & Z) requested bribes French ministers (X, Y, & Z) requested bribes

in order to enter into negotiationsin order to enter into negotiations

Alien ActsAlien Acts

What did it do?What did it do? Authorized the president to deport Authorized the president to deport

any aliens considered to be any aliens considered to be dangerousdangerous

Authorized the president to detain Authorized the president to detain any enemy aliens in a time of warany enemy aliens in a time of war

Sedition ActsSedition Acts

What did it do?What did it do? Makes it illegal for newspapers to criticize Makes it illegal for newspapers to criticize

the president or Congressthe president or Congress Imposed heavy penalties for editors who Imposed heavy penalties for editors who

violated the new lawviolated the new law FinesFines ImprisonmentImprisonment

Thomas Thomas Jefferson’s Jefferson’s PresidencyPresidency

1801-18091801-1809

Election of 1800Election of 1800

FederalistsFederalists John Adams John Adams

11stst sitting president sitting president who had to seriously who had to seriously campaign to keep his campaign to keep his jobjob

Charles PinckneyCharles Pinckney Picked because of Picked because of

success from XYZ success from XYZ AffairAffair

Democratic –Democratic –RepublicanRepublican Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson

VP who really wants VP who really wants to be POTUSto be POTUS

Aaron BurrAaron Burr Popular politician Popular politician

within Democratic –within Democratic –Republican partyRepublican party

Election of 1800 Election of 1800 BreakdownBreakdown

• Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson - 73 electoral votes- 73 electoral votes• Aaron Burr Aaron Burr - 73 electoral votes- 73 electoral votes• John Adams John Adams - 65 electoral votes- 65 electoral votes

• Problem:Problem:– If there is a tie for 1If there is a tie for 1stst, who wins? , who wins?

• Who becomes VPOTUS? Who becomes VPOTUS?

• It goes to the House of Representatives to pick It goes to the House of Representatives to pick from the top 2 candidates! from the top 2 candidates!

In the case of a tie…House of In the case of a tie…House of Representatives picks the new Representatives picks the new

POTUSPOTUS In the H of RepsIn the H of Reps

Most of the majority political party is the Most of the majority political party is the Federalists:Federalists:

They refuse to vote for TJThey refuse to vote for TJ They pick Burr just because they hate Thomas JeffersonThey pick Burr just because they hate Thomas Jefferson

The Democratic-Republican’s make up the The Democratic-Republican’s make up the restrest

They vote for JeffersonThey vote for Jefferson

What happens? What happens? It’s a tie vote 30 straight times…It’s a tie vote 30 straight times…

Then, it gets weird….Then, it gets weird….

Enter Alexander Enter Alexander HamiltonHamilton

The U.S. Constitution gets a The U.S. Constitution gets a new amendmentnew amendment

1212thth amendment amendment Added in 1803Added in 1803

Created 2 ballots for Created 2 ballots for presidential presidential elections: elections:

1 for POTUS1 for POTUS 1 for VPOTUS1 for VPOTUS

That way there can That way there can never be a tie never be a tie again….we hope. again….we hope.

So what happens after the So what happens after the election of 1800…election of 1800…

Thomas Jefferson is excited!!!Thomas Jefferson is excited!!! Gets to become next POTUSGets to become next POTUS

John Adams is very disappointed he took 3John Adams is very disappointed he took 3rdrd. . Goes home to Massachusetts to retire. Goes home to Massachusetts to retire.

Was happy that the power of the POTUS passed freely Was happy that the power of the POTUS passed freely to another political partyto another political party

Showed that our government was strong enough to endure.Showed that our government was strong enough to endure.

Aaron Burr and Alex Hamilton? Aaron Burr and Alex Hamilton? It takes 4 years, butIt takes 4 years, but

It’s time to duel it out…It’s time to duel it out…

The BeginningThe Beginning

March 4, 1801March 4, 1801 Thomas Jefferson is Thomas Jefferson is

the first President the first President inaugurated in the inaugurated in the new capital city of new capital city of Washington D.C.Washington D.C.

He delivers his first He delivers his first inaugural address. inaugural address. This address outlines This address outlines what he feels are the what he feels are the essential principles essential principles of government. of government.

First Inaugural AddressFirst Inaugural Address

Essential Principles of GovernmentEssential Principles of Government ““equal and exact justice to all men”equal and exact justice to all men” ““peace, commerce, and honest friendship with peace, commerce, and honest friendship with

all nations”all nations” ““the support of state governments and the the support of state governments and the

common man”common man” Note: Jefferson did not wear a wig!Note: Jefferson did not wear a wig!

punishment for those who choose to revoltpunishment for those who choose to revolt honest payment of debtshonest payment of debts freedom of religionfreedom of religion freedom of the pressfreedom of the press

Jefferson Video – 3:30 Jefferson Video – 3:30