Bell Ringer 9/18/2014Bell Ringer 9/18/2014

1. When is a Bar Graph used to display data?

2. When is a Line Graph used to display data?

1. When is a Bar Graph used to display data?

2. When is a Line Graph used to display data?

Bell Ringer 9/18/2014Bell Ringer 9/18/20141. When is a Bar Graph used to display data?

Bar graphs are used to show comparisons or data that is NOT continuous.

2. When is a Line Graph used to display data? Line graphs are used to show changes over time

1. When is a Bar Graph used to display data?Bar graphs are used to show comparisons or data that is NOT continuous.

2. When is a Line Graph used to display data? Line graphs are used to show changes over time

Some Housekeeping…Some Housekeeping…

• Test scores are in skyward• Tests not yet taken must be

taken this afternoon or tomorrow morning in tutorials!

• Correction instructions for test will be given tomorrow.

• Test scores are in skyward• Tests not yet taken must be

taken this afternoon or tomorrow morning in tutorials!

• Correction instructions for test will be given tomorrow.

Did you realize….Did you realize….

Graphs used in science• For Analysis• As Models representing Data• To Communicate Results

Graphs used in science• For Analysis• As Models representing Data• To Communicate Results

GraphsGraphs

• Bar - comparing trials/variables

• Line - change over time• Circle (pie) - parts of a whole: %

• Bar - comparing trials/variables

• Line - change over time• Circle (pie) - parts of a whole: %

Bar & Line GraphsBar & Line Graphs

• X-axis = independent variable(tested variable)

• Y-axis = dependent variable (what is being measured)

• Include descriptive titles• Include key when applicable• Label (title) each axis including units

• X-axis = independent variable(tested variable)

• Y-axis = dependent variable (what is being measured)

• Include descriptive titles• Include key when applicable• Label (title) each axis including units

Bar GraphsBar GraphsUS Postal Service Stamp Prices

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5

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1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

Year

Cost

of

Sta

mp (

cen

ts)

US Postal Service Stamp Prices

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5

10

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45

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

Year

Cost

of

Sta

mp (

cen

ts)

• Used to compare different items or trials

• Used to track one item over time

• What can you say about stamp prices based on this graph?

• Used to compare different items or trials

• Used to track one item over time

• What can you say about stamp prices based on this graph?

Line GraphsLine Graphs• Used to show how

two or more variables are related

• Used to show change over time

• What is the difference in pulse rate recovery between athletes and non-athletes?

• Used to show how two or more variables are related

• Used to show change over time

• What is the difference in pulse rate recovery between athletes and non-athletes?

Pulse Recovery Rate of Athletes and Non-athletesPulse Recovery Rate of

Athletes and Non-athletes

Dry MixDry Mix

DRY

M I X

Dependent Responding variable on Y-axis

Manipulated Independent variable on X-axis

Remember…Remember…The Independent Variable (IV) is the one that we are testing in experimental research. It is the only variable that is manipulated or changed deliberately so it is considered independent.

The Independent Variable (IV) is the one that we are testing in experimental research. It is the only variable that is manipulated or changed deliberately so it is considered independent.

The Dependent Variable (DV) is the variable we are recording and responds to the changed (IV) variable.

The Dependent Variable (DV) is the variable we are recording and responds to the changed (IV) variable.

TAILSTAILS• All graphs have a TITLE (should list IV and DV –

“Graph” is NOT a title)• All graphs have the proper AXIS(Y-axis shows DV

and X-axis shows IV)• Appropriate INTERVALS are used (they must be

evenly spread and indicative of data)• Both axes have LABELS – general and specific.

Units of measurement are included!• The SCALE must be appropriate to the data!

• All graphs have a TITLE (should list IV and DV – “Graph” is NOT a title)

• All graphs have the proper AXIS(Y-axis shows DV and X-axis shows IV)

• Appropriate INTERVALS are used (they must be evenly spread and indicative of data)

• Both axes have LABELS – general and specific. Units of measurement are included!

• The SCALE must be appropriate to the data!

For Example…For Example…• We have studied the effect of studying on Grades.• All students were taught the same material at same

time by same teacher and participated in the same activities regarding the subject (Constant(s) Variables)

• One group of students used their notes and resources and studied for a test (Independent Variable - IV).

• The other group did not study for the test (Control – used for comparison).

• The responding variable (the Dependent Variable –DV) is the grade on the test.

• We have studied the effect of studying on Grades.• All students were taught the same material at same

time by same teacher and participated in the same activities regarding the subject (Constant(s) Variables)

• One group of students used their notes and resources and studied for a test (Independent Variable - IV).

• The other group did not study for the test (Control – used for comparison).

• The responding variable (the Dependent Variable –DV) is the grade on the test.

TITLETITLE

STUDYING AND GRADES

STUDYING AND GRADES

AXIS & LABELSAXIS & LABELS STUDYING AND GRADES

STUDYING AND GRADES

Grades

Students

INTERVALS & SCALESINTERVALS & SCALES

STUDYING AND GRADESSTUDYING AND GRADES

GRADES

STUDENTS

ABCDF

Non-Studiers Studiers

Bar or Line Graph? – making a comparison so

BAR graph

Bar or Line Graph? – making a comparison so

BAR graph STUDYING AND GRADES STUDYING AND GRADES

GRADES

(average grade)

STUDENTS

ABCDF

Non-Studiers Studiers

Graphing Yoo Hoo Caribou Results

Graphing Yoo Hoo Caribou Results

You will graph the data from your data table.Your graph is DUE THURSDAY!Pay attention as I help you set up your graph.

You will graph the data from your data table.Your graph is DUE THURSDAY!Pay attention as I help you set up your graph.

PRE-APPRE-AP

• I would like for you to not only make a hand written graph, but also to experiment with the computer.

• Use EXCEL to create the graph that you have made.

• The computer lab is available before and after school!

• I would like for you to not only make a hand written graph, but also to experiment with the computer.

• Use EXCEL to create the graph that you have made.

• The computer lab is available before and after school!