Bell QuizBell QuizUse pgs. 288-293Use pgs. 288-293

1)1) Who are the Franks?Who are the Franks?2)2) Who was the first king of the Merovingians?Who was the first king of the Merovingians?3)3) After the death of Charles Martel in 741 After the death of Charles Martel in 741

A.D. who took over as the “mayors of the A.D. who took over as the “mayors of the palace”?palace”?

4)4) In what year was Pepin III anointed king of In what year was Pepin III anointed king of the Franks?the Franks?

5)5) What actions helped Charlemagne to unify What actions helped Charlemagne to unify the Frankish kingdom?the Frankish kingdom?

AnswersAnswers

1)1) A Germanic tribeA Germanic tribe

2)2) ClovisClovis

3)3) His sons, Pepin III and CarlomanHis sons, Pepin III and Carloman

4)4) 751 A.D.751 A.D.

5)5) The alliance between the Franks The alliance between the Franks and the church, and the spread and the church, and the spread of Christian beliefsof Christian beliefs

The Rise of the The Rise of the Middle AgesMiddle AgesA.D. 432 – A.D. 1328A.D. 432 – A.D. 1328

The Rise of the FranksThe Rise of the Franks

Frankish RulersFrankish Rulers

Following the decline of the Roman Empire, Following the decline of the Roman Empire, Europe experienced a period of widespread Europe experienced a period of widespread disorder and change lasting hundreds of years.disorder and change lasting hundreds of years.

Between the 400s and 1500s Europeans began to Between the 400s and 1500s Europeans began to restore order and transition into a period of restore order and transition into a period of European development known as the Middle European development known as the Middle Ages. Ages.

During this transition period many Germanic During this transition period many Germanic tribes plundered Europe and established small tribes plundered Europe and established small kingdoms. kingdoms.

The Franks were one Germanic tribe that did The Franks were one Germanic tribe that did much to shape Western culture in post-Roman much to shape Western culture in post-Roman Europe. Europe.

Clovis and the Clovis and the MerovingiansMerovingians

In 481 A.D. a man named In 481 A.D. a man named Clovis became the king of Clovis became the king of one of the Frankish tribes.one of the Frankish tribes.

Clovis and his followers Clovis and his followers were know as the were know as the Merovingians. Merovingians.

Clovis was a skillful military Clovis was a skillful military leader who conquered and leader who conquered and absorbed many other absorbed many other Frankish tribes; and soon Frankish tribes; and soon controlled all of northern controlled all of northern Gaul. Gaul.

After Converting to After Converting to Christianity Clovis gained Christianity Clovis gained the support of the church the support of the church and with it the control of and with it the control of southwestern Gaul. southwestern Gaul.

Clovis and the Clovis and the MerovingiansMerovingians The Area ruled by Clovis is The Area ruled by Clovis is

today occupied by France, today occupied by France, which was named after the which was named after the Franks.Franks.

When Clovis Died in 511 When Clovis Died in 511 A.D., his sons divided the A.D., his sons divided the kingdom.kingdom.

The division of Clovis’s The division of Clovis’s kingdome lead to frequent kingdome lead to frequent conflicts amongst his sons conflicts amongst his sons and later his grandsons. and later his grandsons. These conflicts left the These conflicts left the Merovingina kings weak, Merovingina kings weak, and opened the door for a and opened the door for a new ruler. new ruler.

The division of the Frankish kingdom among the sons of Clovis at his death in 511.

The CarolingiansThe Carolingians

With the With the Merovingina kings fighting Merovingina kings fighting amongst them selves, a man named Pepin II amongst them selves, a man named Pepin II and his successors were able to and his successors were able to assume assume power power and unite the Frankish kingdoms.and unite the Frankish kingdoms.

Pepin II never held the title of King; instead Pepin II never held the title of King; instead his title was the mayor of the palace. A title his title was the mayor of the palace. A title he heldhe held from 687 to 714 A.D. from 687 to 714 A.D.

After Pepin II died, his son, Charles Martel After Pepin II died, his son, Charles Martel inherited the title of mayor of the palace. inherited the title of mayor of the palace.

The CarolingiansThe Carolingians

Charles Martel, also know Charles Martel, also know as Charles the Hammer as Charles the Hammer died in 741 A.D. died in 741 A.D.

His sons Pepin III and His sons Pepin III and Carloman became the Carloman became the joint mayors of the palace. joint mayors of the palace.

In 751 Pepin III anointed In 751 Pepin III anointed himself king of the Franks himself king of the Franks after overthrowing after overthrowing Childeric III, the last Childeric III, the last Merovingian king.Merovingian king.

Pepin III’s coronation Pepin III’s coronation established a new line of established a new line of Frankish kings know as Frankish kings know as the Carolingians. the Carolingians.

The CarolingiansThe Carolingians

The Carolingians new empire was strengthened The Carolingians new empire was strengthened when the Pope gave his blessing to Pepin III.when the Pope gave his blessing to Pepin III.

In 754 A.D., under the request of the pope, Pepin In 754 A.D., under the request of the pope, Pepin III led a Frankish army into Italy and defeated III led a Frankish army into Italy and defeated the Lombards, a Germanic tribe that threatened the Lombards, a Germanic tribe that threatened Rome.Rome.

With this victory the Franks won control of the With this victory the Franks won control of the territory around Rome and gave it to the pope as territory around Rome and gave it to the pope as a gift. a gift.

This gift known as the Donation of Pepin created This gift known as the Donation of Pepin created an alliance between the Franks and the church an alliance between the Franks and the church that paved the way for the rise of Pepin III’s son that paved the way for the rise of Pepin III’s son Charlemagne, the greatest and most Charlemagne, the greatest and most recognizable of all Frankish kings. recognizable of all Frankish kings.

Charlemagne’s Empire.Charlemagne’s Empire.

Charlemagne inherited Charlemagne inherited the Frankish throne in the Frankish throne in 768 and ruled until 814.768 and ruled until 814.

Charlemagne worked to Charlemagne worked to build a new Rome build a new Rome centered in what is now centered in what is now France and Germany. France and Germany.

He helped to spread He helped to spread church teachings and church teachings and Christian beliefs. Christian beliefs.

His rule did much to His rule did much to bring civilization, order, bring civilization, order, and learning to Europe and learning to Europe during the 800sduring the 800s

Charlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s Empire

Charlemagne spent most of his life at Charlemagne spent most of his life at war; he defeated the Lombards, the war; he defeated the Lombards, the Saxons, the Avars, drove the Moors out Saxons, the Avars, drove the Moors out of France, and united much of western of France, and united much of western Europe for the first time since the fall of Europe for the first time since the fall of Rome. Rome.

For this reason Pope Leo III declared For this reason Pope Leo III declared Charlemagne the “Emperor of the Charlemagne the “Emperor of the Romans” on Christmas Day 800 A.D. Romans” on Christmas Day 800 A.D.

The coronation of Charlemagne further The coronation of Charlemagne further demonstrated the close ties between demonstrated the close ties between the Franks and the Christian church. the Franks and the Christian church.

The Decline of the The Decline of the Frankish EmpireFrankish Empire After the death of Charlemagne the thrown After the death of Charlemagne the thrown

was left to his only son Louis the Pious. was left to his only son Louis the Pious. After Louis died in 840 is sons Lothair, After Louis died in 840 is sons Lothair,

Charles the Bald, and Louis the German Charles the Bald, and Louis the German divided the empire among themselves under divided the empire among themselves under the Treaty of Verdun.the Treaty of Verdun.

Similar to the division of Clovis's kingdom, Similar to the division of Clovis's kingdom, the Treaty of Verdun lead to frequent the Treaty of Verdun lead to frequent conflicts amongst Charlemagne’s sons and conflicts amongst Charlemagne’s sons and later his grandsons. As a result the empire's later his grandsons. As a result the empire's strength decline and eventually collapsed. strength decline and eventually collapsed.