BELL QUIZ: Use pages 602-608 of your textbook

1) Name the leader of the Soviet Union AND the leader of the U.S. at the conclusion of WWII.

2) What world wide peacekeeping organization was created on June 26, 1945?

3) List the 6 Soviet satellite nations established in Eastern Europe as communist countries.

4) Define “Cold War.”5) How many Soviets died in WWII?

BELL QUIZ ANSWERS1) Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union) and Harry

Truman (U.S.)2) United Nations3) Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary,

Romania, Poland (THE IRON CURTAIN).4) Cold War=State of hostility, without direct

military conflict, that developed between the U.S. and the Soviet Union after WWII.

5) 20 million soviets died in WWII.

BELL QUIZ: USE PAGES 605-608

1) What policy did the U.S. enact in 1946 in an attempt to block communism from expanding into other countries?

2) Why did the U.S. give $400 million in aid to Turkey and Greece from 1947-1950?

3) Which two countries received the most aid under the Marshall Plan?

4) How many flights were flown into West Berlin to drop 2.3 million tons of food to the civilians?

5) What pledge did the 12 members of NATO take?

BELL QUIZ ANSWERS

1) Containment2) The U.S. wanted to help the post war

economies of Greece and Turkey and avoid a communist takeover.

3) Great Britain and France.4) 277,000 flights in 327 days.5) Pledged to provide military support to one

another. An attack against one would be an attack against them all.

ObjectivesThe Student Will (TSW)…1)Understand the difference betweencommunism and capitalism.2) Explain the breakdown of relations between the

U.S. and Soviet Union after WWII.3) Summarize the steps taken to contain Soviet

influence.4) Describe how the Truman Doctrine and Marshall

Plans deepened Cold War tensions.5) Explain how conflicts over Germany increased

fear of Soviet aggression.

Essential Questions

Why did the United States and the Soviet Unionbecome enemies after World War Two?

How did this impact the two nations and therest of the World?

Big Idea

The Cold War between the United States andthe Soviet Union influenced the people,government, and diplomacy with nationsthroughout the World.

Anticipatory Set

• What happens when 2 people dislike each other because of conflicting personalities or ideas?

• Could the same situation happen between 2 countries?

COLD WAR 1945-1992

Definition: The unfriendly relations that existed between the Soviet Union and the United States from the end of World War II to the 1980’s.

Neither side ever fought the other - the consequences would be too appalling - but they did ‘fight’ for their beliefs and for world supremacy in all areas of life (sports, space race, military, politics, etc).

Assignments

1. Communism vs. Capitalism Handout: Use your textbook and/or your technology.

Soviet Union and U.S. mistrust• The Soviets and the Americans mistrusted each other even

though they were allies in WWII. WHY?1) Soviets upset about not being invited to Treaty of Versailles

(peace treaty ending WWI). 2) Soviets were stripped of their colonies in Finland, Estonia,

Latvia, and Lithuania.3) Soviets resent the U.S. delay in attacking Germany in

Europe. (didn’t happen until June 6, 1944)4) Soviets find out that we secretly developed the atomic

bomb. U.S. drops two A-Bombs on Japan to end WWII.5) U.S. worried that spreading communism to America would

result in loss of private property, constitutional rights, and a free enterprise economic system.

Yalta Conference and Potsdam Conference

Yalta Conference (pages 585-586).•Major agreements between Soviet Union and the U.S.1.2.3.4.

Potsdam Conference (pages 604-605)•Major agreements between Soviet Union and the U.S.1.2.

What is Communism?• Theory:A)The Social class with the economic power also

had social and political power.B)There are 2 classes of people in every society: The

“Haves” and the “Have-Nots”.Capitalists (Haves): own capital-land, money, andmachinery.Workers: (Have-Nots): own only their labor.

Communism• In 1919 Vladimir Lenin led the successful

Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, installing communism.

• Communism: A) economic and political system based on a 1 party government ruled by a dictatorship. B) Private Property is confiscated and turned over to the state to equalize power and wealth. C) Government owns all factories and businesses, controlling production and prices.

Communism Explained

Use pages 602-608 to fill out your study guide (20 Minutes)

1) United Nations2) Potsdam Conference3) The Big 34) Satellite Nations5) Containment and Iron Curtain6) Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan7) Berlin Airlift8) NATO

UNITED NATIONS (UN)• On June 26, 1945, the

representatives of 50 nations sign a charter in San Francisco establishing a peace keeping organization similar, but stronger, to the League of Nations.

• Headquarters are in NYC.• 5 nations have veto power:

U.S., Soviet Union, China, Great Britain, and France.

POTSDAM CONFERENCE• The Big 3: Stalin (Soviet

Union), Truman (U.S.), and Clement Attlee (Great Britain) meet in June 1945 at the final wartime conference.

• Stalin promises to allow free elections in all European countries currently occupied by Soviet military forces.

• He lied. By July all Eastern European countries had communist governments w/out elections ever being held.

THE IRON CURTAIN• Truman’s post WWII goal

was to spread democracy to all nations.

• Stalin wanted a buffer zone between them and Western Europe to protect his people and country from future invasions.

• Stalin also wanted to rebuild his economy by taking raw materials from Eastern Europe.

SATELLITE NATIONS• The 8 Eastern European

communist nations dominated by the Soviet Union were: East Germany, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Albania, and Czechoslovakia.

• The “Iron Curtain” is the imaginary wall separating West and East Europe (Democracy vs. Communism).

Elbow Partner• European governments immediately following

WWII were very fragile and their economies extremely weak. Because of that many countries were vulnerable to revolutions and new governments installed.

• Take 2 minutes to discuss and write down several plans you could try to use to keep communism from spreading to other countries.

THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE• In 1947, President Truman gives $400 million

in economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey (Greece=Revolution; Turkey=buffer zone between the Iron Curtain and the Middle East)

• Wanted to help them rebuild after WWII and “support free peoples who are resisting communist takeovers.”

GEORGE KENNAN AND CONTAINMENT• In February 1946 the U.S.

implemented the policy of containment.

• Containment= attempt to block communism from expanding into other countries by using any possible means.

THE MARSHALL PLAN• The U.S. (proposed by Secretary of State

George Marshall) gives $13 billion in aid to 16 European countries that were devastated by WWII.

• Purpose: 1-fight against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos. 2-keep Western European countries from becoming communist.

ALLIED OCCUPATION OF GERMANY• At the conclusion of WWII

Germany had been divided in half.

• The Soviet Union occupied the eastern half. The U.S., Great Britain, and France occupied the western half.

• Berlin, the capital, was also divided in half even though it was located in the Soviet occupied eastern region. Soviets controlled East Berlin.

BERLIN AIRLIFT• In June 1948, Stalin closes

all highways and railroads into West Berlin from West Germany.

• No food or fuel can get into the city.

• 2.1 million residents only had enough food and supplies to last 5 weeks.

• Stalin is trying to starve the citizens into joining sides with the communist.

THE BERLIN AIRLIFT• The United States and Great

Britain broke the blockade by flying 2.3 million tons of food and supplies in to West Berlin on 277,000 flights in 327 days. That’s 847 flights per day or roughly 1 flight every 30 seconds!!

• The U.S. was daring the Soviets to shoot down the planes. They didn’t, so the Soviets looked “soft” to the world.

• The U.S. were the “good guys” and the “heroes.”

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_nHdB1vJNsg

NATO• The North Atlantic Treaty

Organization:10 Western European countries

form a defensive treaty with the U.S. and Canada to protect against communism invasions and takeovers.

*Belgium, Denmark, France, Great Britain, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, and Portugal.

*Maintains 500,000 troops and thousands of planes, tanks, and other equipment.

MAP ASSIGNMENT: #2 C LevelUse pages A12 and 605

Exit Slip1) Write one thing you learned today.2) Rate your understanding of today’s topic on a

scale of 1-10. What can you do to improve your understanding?

3) Write one thing you didn’t understand today.4) Write your name.5) Turn in the Exit Slip to me before you leave

today.