Behaviorism PowerPoint
-
Upload
matthewdwimberly -
Category
Education
-
view
5.496 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Behaviorism PowerPoint
Learning Theory PresentationVeronica Smith
Carson Summers
Matthew Wimberly
Behaviorism
Came into popularity during the Industrial Revolution
Popularized by scientific research into animals
Two distinct methods of conditioning
Classic conditioning – using reflexes found in nature
Operant conditioning – introducing new reflexes through reinforcement
Key Points of Behaviorism
No difference between people and animals – both learn based on reinforcement
Conditioning is the center of learning
Behavior is shaped through praise/punishment for certain responses
Creativity and independent thinking are not important to teaching
Ivan Pavlov
(1849-1936)
Famous for classic conditioning
Trained a dog to salivate when it heard a bell ring
Research based on reflexes found in nature
John Watson
(1878-1958)
Famous for “Little Albert” experiment
Conditioned an 18 month old boy to fear rats
“Give me a dozen healthy infants…and I’ll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to be any type of specialist I might select…”
B.F. Skinner
(1904-1990)
Famous for the ‘Skinner Box’
Experimented with operant conditioning on rats and pigeons
Taught the pigeons how to bowl through operant conditioning
Classroom Implications
Reward charts and systems are considered effective methods of reinforcement under behaviorism.
Can also be applied to classroom control – ringing a bell or turning off the lights to quiet kids down, for example.
To utilize technology with this approach, students could be rewarded with technology-enhanced lessons in order to reinforce good behavior.
We think that behaviorism…
Can be useful at a young age to teach skills that are fundamental to the schooling environment
For instance, not throwing things and keeping quiet
Can also be effective for students with behavioral issues
May not be as effective when students move on to more difficult concepts than basic behavior
Creative thinking and reasoning are not a part of a behaviorist approach
Citations
Pavlov’s Dogs and Conditioning in People charts: http://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/pavlov/readmore.html
Ivan Pavlov: http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1904/pavlov-bio.html
John Watson: http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesofmajorthinkers/p/watson.htm
http://theoretical-psychology.blogspot.com/2011/09/mainstream-psychology.html
B. F. Skinner: http://www.bfskinner.org/BFSkinner/AboutSkinner.html