Behavior Change for Energy Conservation: Principles and ...

Behavior Change for Energy Conservation: Principles and

Practices to Engage the Campus Community

Marian Huhman, PhD Chair, Energy Conservation & Building Standards SWATeam, UIUC Karl Helmink Associate Director, Utilities and Energy, UIUC

Energy Usage Trend FY07-FY16

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FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16

HDD BTU/GSF

Actual BTU /Sq Ft / Year (EUI) iCAP Goals, BTU/GSF Gross input, BTU/GSF HDD

Down by 27%

Lots has been done. . .

Retro-commissioning Lighting upgrades Building improvements ESCO’s

But. . .

This talk

Principles of behavior change Engaging the campus community Projects underway at UIUC Perspectives

Principles of Changing behavior

Make doing the right thing . . .

Easy, Fun, Popular

Right decision = Easy

Lincoln Hall

Stairs vs

elevator

Right decision = Stair prompts

More stair prompts

Stair prompts

Fun/Enjoyable

https://www.google.com/search?q=stair+prompts&tbm=isch&imgil=pVssCi0KtCgRcM%253A%253BUKGbgbtpnczshM%253Bhttps%25

Popular--Social pressure to fit in

www.google.com/search?q=watersmart+smiley+faces&tbm=isch&imgil=2E6fvbCJZ4OR-M%253A%253BdThC1AKYVoZi8M%25

Recap:

Easy, fun, popular

Design to make it easy

Lead users to the right choice.

Choice architect

https://images.search.yahoo.com/search/images?p=architect+photos&fr=mcafee&imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Flawfirmintranet.files.wordpress.com%2F2010%2F11%2Farchitect.jpg#id=2

Choice Architect

Combat obesity: Put fruits and veggies in front. Energy conservation: Occupancy sensors

Nudges

Nudge to the right choice, but (generally) don’t force.

Behavior change: what works

Altruism--usually not.


Awareness alone is not enough. Knowledge often needed, but not sufficient. For most of us, incentives are needed


Humans take the path of least resistance.

Make the preferable choice the default.

Example: Automatic closure of fume hoods

Behavior change: Communication

Inspiring messages Pledges: “I pledge to turn off my computer every night this week.” Not a general statement: “Energy conservation is important.” Rather, a specific behavior: “Turn off your room lights every time you leave your room.”

Realistic expectations

Campaigns to change behavior: 5 – 8 percentage points change. If use fines, taxes, regulations: 16 percentage points change.

Illinois Climate Action Plan

Engage and incentivize the campus community in energy conservation, including a comprehensive energy conservation

campaign, with at least 50% of units participating by FY20.

Campus engagement in energy conservation

Illini Lights Out April 15, 2016 20 student volunteers


9 buildings

Pizza for incentive

Results: • 1500 lights

turned off • 70 windows

closed.


Eco-Olympics


Eco-Olympics Competition between dorms.

Incentive is a party and trophy.


❑ Certified Green Office Program

❑ Campus offices do self-assessment of

sustainable actions.

❑ Get certificate if meet criteria


❑ Energy Conservation Incentive Program

❑ Awards to facilities with top energy

conservation results.


Fume hood—Shut the Sash Student led pilot project in 1 building


Student project 1:

“Green Hoods”

• Information

• Reminders

• Praise

• Promising results

Fume hoods A gentle reminder to shut the sash when not in use. Thanks for saving energy! Green Hoods [date] Thank you for helping us reach our ICAP objectives! Karl Helmink, Facilities & Services The Student Sustainability Committee Robert Hauser, Dean, College of ACES


Student project 2:

• Attitudes

• Barriers

• Motivators

• Influences

Fume hoods Study:

“Fume Hood Usage: A Qualitative Examination of Energy Conservation in UIUC Labs”


Results:

Knowledge/awareness about proper fume hood usage—OK for faculty and lab managers; poor for students at all levels. Student level: confusion about when to shut sash or turn off the fume hood Shutting the sash is burdensome Lack of perceived benefit


Results:

Motivators: Metrics of lab’s progress (e.g.,$ saved) Rewards—food and competitions Reminders would help

Others: FUME HOODS

Harvard’s Shut the Sash competition Saves more energy than any other behavioral program ■Around $240,000/year Bi-monthly e-mails and real-time collection

BUDGET for Green Labs Institution Annual Budget Work Force Time devoted

Harvard Unspecified about $100k

1 full-time staff, 2 part-time faculty, 2 students

75-82 hrs/wk + 1 part-time faculty

Stanford Unspecified 1 full-time staff, Office of Sustainability faculty, student interns

Unspecified

Texas $28K 1 part-time staff, several faculty members, 6 students

50+ hrs/wk from students

UC Boulder ~$100K 1 part time 0.8 FTE, 10 students

~92 hrs/wk


Includes:

• Lights & electronics

• Freezers

• Fume hoods

• Chemical usage & disposal

• Recycling

Working toward Certified Green Labs program

Campus Budget

pressures

◻1700 Fume Hoods (approx.) ■Annual Energy Cost $5-8 million

◻Campus Lab Buildings ■Annual Energy Cost over $15 million


Recent RCx

Building Discussion

◻ Natural Resources Building ■ 30 Fume Hoods in the building ■ Only 3 Fume Hoods are operational ■ 10 VAV fume hoods added in 90’s


Need to balance safety w/ energy savings

◻ Typical RCx conversations ■ Pros

■ Fume Hood switches ■ Green attitude

■ Cons ■ Chemical clean up needed ■ Future grant work may arrive ■ Upgrade work can be expensive ■ Energy awareness needs to improve


◻ Theory Number of needed fume hoods is decreasing in select areas of campus. ■ Change in 30 year old labs. ■ Campus parties must agree to take fume hoods out of service.


◻How to monitor usage? ■DDC control trending ■Physical inspection


Questions

Behavior Change for Energy Conservation: Principles and ...

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