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S N A P S H O TThinkWorks

A BEGINNERS guide to

photography

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Introduction 3Choosingacamera 4 Phonecameras 7 Compactcameras 8 Bridgecameras 9 DSLRcameras 10 Contextmatters 11 Differenttypesoflens 14Aquickguidetocameramodesandfunctions 15 Exposure 16 Exposuretriangle 17 Definitions 18 Cameramodes 21Tipsforbettermobilephotography 23 CommonIssues 24 Makingthemostoflight 25 Othercreativeideas 26Contactus 27

Contents

EmmaRoseGraphicDesigner

Latitude Digital Marketing

Author

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IntroductionDidyouknowthatthemajorityofLatitudebrandingcontainsphotographyfromstaffmembers?WetookthisdecisiontoavoidtheoftenclichdstockphotographythatissoprominentinB2Bmarketing.Itwasourwayofstandingoutfromthecrowdandlettingsomeofourpersonalityandcreativityshinethrough.

Ifyouarethinkingofgoingasimilardirection,oryouneedsomestrikingimageryforyourcontent/socialmediamarketingitcouldbeagoodtimetobrushupthosephotographyskills!Weveputtogetherthisebooktohelpgetyoustarted.

Happysnapping!

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Choosing a cameraBeforeyoustartsnappingawayyoullneedtochooseacamera.Thefollowingsectionwillgiveyouabasicoverviewofthesortsofcamerasavailableandtheprosandconsofeach.

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A photographer went to a socialite party in New York. As he entered the front door, the host said I love your

pictures - theyre wonderful; you must have a fantastic camera. He said nothing until dinner was finished,

then; That was a wonderful dinner; you must have a terrific stove.

-SamHaskins-

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Phone Compact

PriceRange:50-200

PriceRange:100-300

PriceRange:250-4,000

PriceRange:Dependsonyourcontract

Bridge SLR

Everyone

Beginners Beginners Beginners

Hobbyists Hobbyists Hobbyists

Professionals

Everyone Everyone Everyone

There are four main types of digital camera**Actually-therearemore,butforthepurposesofamateurphotography,theresaboutfour:

Choosingtherightcameradependsonskilllevel,budgetandwhatyoullbeusingthephotosfor.

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LightweightInbuiltflashUpto16 megapixels

Photographyappssuchasinstagram

iPhoneSamsungGalaxySNokiaLumiaHTCOne LG G2

Youvenearlyalwaysgotitwithyou

Youcangetinbuiltappstopostprocessyourphotos

Transfertosocialmediaoutlets/emailsetcatthetouchofabutton

Thereareexternalboltonsyoucanbuytoenhancethem

Portraits Landscapes StillLife

Theydontcopewellwithlowlightconditions

Youdonthavealotofcontrolsovermanysettingswhichlimitsyourcreativityorexperimentation

Photosarentasgoodqualityasothercamerascanproduce

Typesofphotosyoucantake

Pros Cons

GeneralSpecs

Examples

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Phone CamerasFactSheet

TakenonaniPhone

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LightweightInbuiltflashUpto16 megapixels

Inbuiltsettingsandfeatures

PanasonicLumixDMCNikonCOOLPIXKodakeasyshareSamsungSmartCameraCanonPowershot

Smallandlightweightforcarryingaround

Inbuiltsettingssuchasfacerecognitionandredeyeremoval

Easytouse

Portraits Landscapes StillLife

Theydontcopewellwithlowlightconditions

ThelensqualityisntasgoodasSLRlenseswhichproducesaflatterlookingimage

Youdontgainahugeamountovermostsmartphonesnowadays

Typesofphotosyoucantake

Pros Cons

GeneralSpecs

Examples

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Compact CamerasFactSheet

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InbuiltflashUpto20 megapixels

Inbuiltsettingsandfeatures

PentaxX5FujifilmFinePixSonyCyber-shotGEX400HiatchiBridge

GreatforenthusiaststhatarentquitereadyforanSLR

Morecontroloversettingsthanphonesandcompacts

Theyproducegreat qualityimages

Portraits Landscapes StillLife Sports/Action

TheycanbethesamepriceassomeentrylevelDSLRs

Cantchangethelens

Typesofphotosyoucantake

Pros Cons

GeneralSpecs

Examples

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Bridge CamerasFactSheet

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Upto30 megapixels

ChangeableLens

CanonEOS1100DCanonEOS5DNikonD3200SonyA7

Extremelyversatileandcanbeusedformanydifferenttypesofphotography

Professionalqualityimages

Canbeadaptedbyadditionalkit-forexamplelensesandflashes

Portraits Landscapes StillLife Sports/Action Macro Nature

Theycanbeexpensive

Theyareheavy

Typesofphotosyoucantake

Pros Cons

GeneralSpecs

Examples

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DSLR CamerasFactSheet

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Portraits Landscapes StillLife

Sports/Action Macro Nature

Context MattersAskyourselfwhatkindofpicturesdoIwanttotake?.Somecamerashandlecertaintypesofphotobetterthanothers.Herearethemaincategories.

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Context MattersWherethephotoswillbeusedwillalsoplayakeypartinselectingtherightcameraforthejobtoo.Forexamplephotosyouaretakingforblogswontneedtobeashighqualityaslargefineartprintsyouintendtosell.

SocialMedia

Print/Books

Blogs

Sellthemformoney

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Landscapes Phone

SLRwithzoomlens

+

+

=

=Nature

SocialMedia

Sellthemformoney

Context MattersUsingthecamerafactsheets,youcanworkoutwhatthebestcamerawouldbe.Forbeginners,itsoftenbesttostartwithacameraphoneorabridgecameraandworkuptoaDSLR.Ifyouwanttosellyourphotos,orusetheminaprofessionalsettingabridgecameraorDSLRisadvisedbecauseyouwillachievehigherresolutionphotoswithawiderangeoftonesandrichercolours.

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Different types of lensLensesaremeasuredinmm.Thelowerthenumber,thewidertheangle willbe.Forexample,withan18mmlensyoucouldstandquiteclosetoasomethingbutstillgetalargeamountintheframeofthephoto-similartoyourperipheralvision.Thehigherthenumberthemorenarrowyourviewwillbe-butthefurtherawayyoucansee.Forexampleifyouweretakingapictureofabirdonatree20ftawayitwouldbebesttousea 200-300mmlens,likeatelescope.

WideAngle

SpecialEffectsLenses

50-70mm 100-400mmNormal

TiltShift FishEye

Telephoto18-50mm

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A Quick Guide to Camera Modes &

Functions

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EXPOSURECorrectexposuremaybedefinedasanexposurethatachievestheeffect

thephotographerintended

Exposureistheculminationofallthesettingsaphotographerusestotakeaphotograph.Thetermcomesfromfilmcameras,forexamplewhenyoutookaphotoyouwouldexposethefilmtolight,andthatwouldallowyoutocreateanimageonthefilm.Theamountoflightyouletintothecamera,thelengthoftimeyouexposethefilmandthetypeoffilmyouusewouldallhaveaneffectonhowthefinishedphotowouldlook.Settingsondigitalcamerasworkinalmostthesameway,howeveryougetinstantresultssoyoucanimproveyourphotographyquicker.

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EXPOSURETRIANGLEShutterSpeed

ISOAperture

Youmayhearpeopletalkabouttheexposuretriangle,these(shutterspeed,apertureandISO)arethethreemainfactorsthatphotographersusetotakeaphoto.Itisattheintersectionofthesethreeelementsthatanimagesexposureisworkedout.Overthenextchapter,Iwillexplainthesesettingsandhowtocontrolthemfortheeffectyouwanttoachieve.

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DEFINITIONS

ISO

APERTURE

SHUTTER SPEED

Themeasureofadigitalcamerasensorssensitivitytolight

Thesizeoftheopeninginthelenswhenapictureistaken

Theamountoftimethattheshutterisopen

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Window metaphorImagineyouareinaroomwithonewindowthatletslightin.Theaperturewouldbethesizeofthewindowtotheroom.TheshutterspeedwouldbethetimeyoulefttheshuttersofthewindowopenandtheISOwouldbethestrengthofthesunglassesyouarewearinginsidetheroom.Byalteringanyofthesefactorstherewouldbemoreorlesslightcomingintotheroomandeffectingtheexposureofthephotograph.

Ifthereistoomuchlight,thephotowillbeoverexposed,itwilllookbrightandflatandthecolourswillbewashedout.Ifitisunderexposed,thephotomaybetoodark

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AperTure shuTTer speed IsO

TOO lArGe... TOO slOw... TOO hIGh...

Thekeyistoofindabalancebetweenthesettingsdependingonthescenarioyourarephotographingastheyallhavedownsidesasshownbelow.

Iftheapertureistoolarge,thebackgrounddatawillbecomelost,yettheobjectsclosertothecamerawillbeinperfectfocus.Iftheshutterspeedistooslow,thephotowillbecomeblurrywhenthereisthetiniestbitofcamerashake,andiftheISOistoohigh,thephotowillbecomegrainy.Experimentindifferentlightingconditionstoseehowdifferentsettingseffectyourphoto.

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Camera modesAllDSLRsandmostbridgecameraswillhaveanumberofcameramodestochoosefromusingthedialonthetopofthecamera.Hereswhattheyallmean...

FullAutoAsthenamesuggests,thisisafullyautomaticmodewherethecameratriestofigureoutthebestsettingsforyou.Thiscanproducesomegreatresults,howeveryoumaywanttotrydifferenteffectsandyourcameraisntpsychic.

PortraitThecamerasetstheapertureaswideaspossiblethebackgroundblurs,butthesubjectremainsinfocus.Somecamerasalsohavehumanfacerecognitiontogetthefocusassharpaspossible.

LandscapeThecamerausuallysetsasmallaperturevaluetogainagreaterdepthoffield-i.ekeepasmanythingsinfocusaspossible,eveniftheyareinthedistance.

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SportsOnsportsmodeyourcamerawillusuallysetittotakeshortburstsofphotossoyoudontmisstheaction.ItwillalsosettheISOandshutterspeedashighasitcanfortheamountoflight

AperturePriorityInthismodeyousettheapertureandtheISOandthecamerawillselecttheshutterspeedforyoubasedontheamountoflight.Particularlygoodforcloseupwork

ShutterPriorityInthismodeyousettheshutterspeedandtheISOandthecamerawilltryandselectthebestapertureforyoubasedontheamountoflightavailable.Thisisgoodforactionshots,providingyouhaveplentyoflight

ManualAsthenamesuggests,usethismodewhenyouwantfullcontroloverallthesettings.

A/V

T/V

M

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Tips for better mobile

photography

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Common IssuesHerearesomeofthecommonproblemsfacedbymobilephonephotographers.

CamerashakeWhentheimageappearsmessywithlightstreaks

Solution:

Useatripodinlowlightsituations,itwillallowyoutousealongershutterspeed

Solution:

Trymovingawayfromthesubjectifyouaretooclose.Alsoyoucanmakeuseofyourphonesinbuiltfocusfeatures

Solution:

Askyoursubjectstokeepasstillaspossible,especiallyinlowlightsituations

Solution:

Alwaysbemindfulofhowmuchlightisavailable,mobilephotosarebestwhenthereisanabundanceofnaturallight

OutoffocusWhenthesubjectisntinfocus

MotionblurWhenyougetsubjectsblurredacrosstheimage

LowlightWhentheimageappearsgrainyanddark

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Making the most of lightSomeofthebestphotosyoucantakeonamobileiswherelightitusedtomaximumeffect.Herearesomeexperimentsyoucantry.

SilhouettesShootagainstthelightfordramaticpictures.

ReflectionsLookoutinterestingreflectionsinwater,mirroredobjects, windowsetc

ShadowsLongshadowscanmakeaboringportraitreallyinteresting.

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Other creative ideasHerearesomeothercreativeapproachesyoucanuseinyourphotography.

LeadtheviewerseyeComposeyourphotosothatyouleadtheviewertoapointinthephoto.

ShootfromalowangleMobileshavewideanglelensessoshootfrombelowlookingupatyoursubjecttogetadramaticimage.

RuleofthirdsWhenphotographingpeople,makesuretheireyesare1/3rddowntheimage.

FocusontheheroFocusononesubjectandleavealargeamountofflatspacearounditforaddeddrama.

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