Becoming Americans: Becoming Americans: Footsteps to the Footsteps to the

Revolutionary WarRevolutionary War

Key Question: How did the 13 Key Question: How did the 13 British Colonies become the British Colonies become the United States of America?United States of America?

#1 The French and Indian #1 The French and Indian WarWar

Result of the war?Result of the war?I. Objectives #1 I. Objectives #1 A. The French & Indian WarA. The French & Indian War (Known as ‘7yrs. War’ for fighting in Europe)(Known as ‘7yrs. War’ for fighting in Europe) 1. Battle Between British & French/Indians1. Battle Between British & French/Indians over Ohio River Valleyover Ohio River Valley a. Colonist NOT allowed in regular British Army a. Colonist NOT allowed in regular British Army SNOBBYSNOBBY! - Ex. G. Wash.(join militias)! - Ex. G. Wash.(join militias) 2. Colonist help British2. Colonist help British- Want more land to grab - Want more land to grab if British Win (Taken from French & Indians)if British Win (Taken from French & Indians) 3. British & Colonist defeat the French3. British & Colonist defeat the French a. a. Ohio River Valley now British & Colonies??!Ohio River Valley now British & Colonies??!

OHIO RIVER OHIO RIVER VALLEYVALLEY

Objective #2: The Proclamation Objective #2: The Proclamation of 1763of 1763

I issue the Proclamation

of 1763

Why did we fight that war

then????

Objective #2: Proclamation of Objective #2: Proclamation of 17631763

II. Objectives #2 II. Objectives #2 A. Colonist want to settle Ohio River ValleyA. Colonist want to settle Ohio River Valley 1. 1. Native Am. fighting & killing settlersNative Am. fighting & killing settlers 2. British can’t afford to protect settlers2. British can’t afford to protect settlers a. KING Passes Proclamation of 1763a. KING Passes Proclamation of 1763 -No settlers west of Appalachian -No settlers west of Appalachian

Mnts. Mnts. -Colonist very upset, wanted to gain land-Colonist very upset, wanted to gain land

B. British need to pay for Fr. & Indian WarB. British need to pay for Fr. & Indian War 1. British crack down on TAXES!!!1. British crack down on TAXES!!!

a. Want Colonist to pay for ‘Their War’a. Want Colonist to pay for ‘Their War’ b. Parliament (English Congress) passes taxesb. Parliament (English Congress) passes taxes

Objective 3: “No taxation Objective 3: “No taxation without representation!”without representation!”

Who should pay? THE COLONISTS SHOULD!!!Who should pay? THE COLONISTS SHOULD!!!

Objective #3:Objective #3:Why were these taxes so Why were these taxes so

upsetting???upsetting???

Objective #3Objective #3

III. Objective #3III. Objective #3A. Parliament Taxes the ColonistA. Parliament Taxes the Colonist

1. No Colonist are in Parliament1. No Colonist are in Parliament a. Colonist always used their own a. Colonist always used their own

legislatureslegislatures b. Example- Virginia House of Burgessesb. Example- Virginia House of Burgesses

2. Colonist had always taxed themselves2. Colonist had always taxed themselves a. British Magna Carta says you can only a. British Magna Carta says you can only

be be taxed if you have the right to vote on taxed if you have the right to vote on

it!!it!! b. “No taxation without representation” b. “No taxation without representation” becomes rallying cry in coloniesbecomes rallying cry in colonies

Continued…Continued…B. B. NEWNEW TAXESTAXES::

1. Sugar Act 1. Sugar Act (Triangle Trade Smuggling)(Triangle Trade Smuggling) a. Tax molasses from W. Indies (Lowers Taxes!!)a. Tax molasses from W. Indies (Lowers Taxes!!)

b. Tries to get colonist to stop smuggling b. Tries to get colonist to stop smuggling (bringing (bringing

in sugar illegally)in sugar illegally) 2. Stamp Act2. Stamp Act a. Tax on all printed material in Colonies (directly a. Tax on all printed material in Colonies (directly

on on Colonists, not on what they import)Colonists, not on what they import) b. Upsets rich & poor (lawyers/Sailors-Cards)b. Upsets rich & poor (lawyers/Sailors-Cards) 3. Townshed Acts3. Townshed Acts a. Passed when Stamp Act Repealeda. Passed when Stamp Act Repealed b. Taxes everything colonist get from Englandb. Taxes everything colonist get from England -Had to buy this stuff or they didn’t get it -Had to buy this stuff or they didn’t get it

(mercantilism, colonies were forced to RELY on (mercantilism, colonies were forced to RELY on England)England)

Sugar ActSugar Act Stamp ActStamp Act Townshend Townshend ActsActs

-Sugar-Sugar -newspapers-newspapers -tea-tea-glass-glass

-Molasses -Molasses -playing cards-playing cards -lead-lead

-pamphlets-pamphlets -paint-paint

-licenses-licenses -paper-paper

Objective #4: The Colonists Objective #4: The Colonists Protest the TaxesProtest the Taxes

We should refuse to buy British goods, that will teach

them!!!

IV. Objective #4 A. Colonist Protest NEW

TAXES 1. Committee of

Correspondence - sends letters to other

colonies about what is going on 2. Colonist attack tax

collectors (Kill some)

B. Boston becomes center of Trouble 1. Boston is center of TRADE for Colonies & Most Taxes are on TRADED goods

a. Ship captains and businessmen most affected

**British send troops to protect tax collectors!!!

Objective #4: Objective #4: Trouble in BostonTrouble in Boston

Boston 2009

2. Boston Massacre a. Pick fight with British Soldiers (snow w/rocks) b. Troops fire and kill 5 Colonist c. Boston Spreads the word MURDER!!!!*Paul Revere makes famous picture*Committee of Correspondence

Boston Massacre occurred in front of this building

The spot where the 5 colonists were killed

3. Boston Tea Party a. Tea Act raised taxes on Tea b. Bostonians raid ship & throw tea overboard c. Other colonies just refused to buy the tea

Response to troubles in Response to troubles in BostonBoston

Let us in!!!

C. King George III “We must master them or leave them to

themselves” 1. Punish Boston a. Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts in

England) *Closed Boston Harbor

*Keep soldiers in houses (Quartering Act)

*Took rights from New England *Boston hates this!!

2. Boston gets ready for FIGHTa. Militias train and stash guns

b. Men leave Boston so they can’t be arrested

Objective #5: Colonists prepare Objective #5: Colonists prepare for Battlefor Battle

V. Objective #5 A. Colonies Fight Back! 1. 1st Continental Congress a. Colonies send leaders to talk about

how to deal with British together (Work together??) -Washington, Adams, Patrick Henry, John Jay,

Henry Lee b. Agree to form MILITIAS (Citizen Soldiers) *New England & Boston- HOT

POINTS!!! *Militias train regularly 2. The Minutemen (Ready in a minute)-

Boston a. Stockpile guns & Bullets b. British not happy!

Patrick Henry

Samuel Adams

G. Washington

First Continental Congress First Continental Congress (1774)(1774)

Lexington and ConcordLexington and Concord

We are ready to FIGHT!!!!

B. “Shot Heard ‘Round the World!” 1. Troops in Boston ordered to take militia

guns a. Weapons at Concord (outside Boston) 2. Minutemen prepare for British a. Paul Revere & William Dawes **1 if by land 2 if by sea from Old North

Church b. Warn the minutemen 3. Lexington and Concord a. Minutemen & troops meet at

Lexington (Who Fired first shots??) b. British get to Concord and burn ammo &

guns that are left (many were already hidden) *Fight again when leaving Concord

(Colonist Fire 1st)- British are easy targets

due to RED uniforms (called “redcoats or

“lobster backs”)

C. Colonist become Guerillas!! (or Chickens as the British call them) 1. As British march back to Boston, Minute Men shoot from behind rocks and trees and run when British stop to fight a. British call Colonist Barbarians – Not fighting like gentlemen 2. More Red Coats (British) die on way back than colonist died in ‘real’ fights at Lex. & Concord THE FIGHT IS ON!!! OR IS IT??????????