BEAUX ARTS ARCHITECTURE (1895-1925)

Introduction ᎓ Beaux arts, what is beaux arts? Is the main fine arts or beautiful arts which is based on ideas taught at the legendary Ecole des beaux-arts(academies de beaux-arts) in Paris France, it expand its own

architectural style between 1885 and 1920Beaux-Arts architecture is all about what were taught on the

architectural style of the neoclassical in the school of architecture (École des Beaux-Arts) in Paris.

It has ruled a collection over two and half centuries under the training of the French authority, as a school of architecture it attracted many foreign student all over the world most of them were from the United States (1880-1920).The main purpose of the Ecole des beaux arts, a.k.a academic des beaux arts was the training of the young architect generation trough an understanding of architectural history and to be able to design such way of great architect’s style and architecture of the past. The school admitted only 45 French and 15 foreign per term, they were receiving instruction in fine art, sculpture, painting, mathematic, geometry, history and philosophy. In 1872 an American architect Henry Hobson Richardson who attend the Ecole des beaux arts, absorbed Beaux-Arts lessons in massing and spatial planning, then he applied them to Romanesque architectural models that were not characteristic of the Beaux-arts school, He designed buildings in Albany, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago and other cities. The style he popularized is named for him: Richardsonian Romanesqueeaux-Arts.

Characteristics of Beaux art 1. It has a Symmetrical form to the exterior design of the buildings that have the beaux design. 2. The beaux has a more formal design to the way it looks to

people. 3. Beaux has a splendor form to the way the curves and arches

are made. 4. It has a lot of elaborate ornamentation with its sculptures,

mosaic, and other artwork. 5. It has arched windows with arched doors mixed in with its

slender look.

ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION• Beaux art architecture lends itself to monumental works and most

examples are public building such as schools, train stations, financial institutions and state capitals.• Preferred expression for all manner of official buildings such as state

capital, courthouse, bank, libraries and even lodge halls.• Building are nearly always symmetrical and prominently feature

columns as both a stylistic element and celebration of structure.

ARCHITECTURAL IDENTIFICATION• Hierarchy of spaces, from “noble spaces”-grand entrances and

staircases.• Building features are more liberal use if decorative elements, often

having applied sculpture features or rooflines.• Brought a strong measure of learning, venerability and social

standing to American profession of architecture.• Sculpture( panels, figural, sculptural, sculptural group), mosaics,

and other artwork, all coordinated to building.

ARCHITECTURAL LANGUAGE• Beaux art is the study and creation of visual works of art.• Massive and Grandiose• Constructed with stone• Classical architectural details: Balustrades, pilasters, garlands,

cartouches, acroteria.• Painting• Sculpture• Texture• Classical, classic• Reproduce

Common elements• Symmetrical façade• Flat or low pitched roof• Sculptural element• Masonry exterior ( usually stone)• Prominent columns ( often paired) • Balustrades ( often a long roofline)• Banded restriction

Materials• Light coloured stones• Bricks• Limestone• Granite• marble

Famous Beaux Arts Buildings• Paris Opera France• Grand Central Terminal, New York• The Presidential Palace, Hanoi, Vietnam• Vanderbilt Marble House ,Rhode Island• New York Public Library

Conclusion• Beaux Arts Architecture is generally composed of the base

characteristics of the Classical (Roman and Greek) forms and Neoclassical Architecture.• Beaux Arts Architecture also called American Renaissance has many

buildings in the US, which were introduced by the American architects who studied in France.

• Balconies• Columns• Cornices• Balustrades