BDA LIBRARY MEDLINE SEARCH RECENT REVIEWS RELATED TO DENTAL ANAESTHESIA/SEDATION · 2018-10-24 ·...

BDA LIBRARY MEDLINE SEARCH

RECENT REVIEWS RELATED TO DENTAL ANAESTHESIA/SEDATION

Database: Ovid MEDLINE(R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Daily and Versions(R) <1946 to October 23, 2018> Search Strategy: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 exp *Anesthesia, Dental/ (7821) 2 exp *Conscious Sedation/ (5602) 3 (anaesth$ or anesth$ or sedation or sedat$).ti. (152666) 4 2 or 3 (153518) 5 (dental or dentist$ or tooth or teeth or "oral surg$").tw. (341072) 6 4 and 5 (5776) 7 limit 4 to dentistry journals (6906) 8 1 or 6 or 7 (11909) 9 limit 8 to english language (8888) 10 limit 9 to ("review" or systematic reviews) (646) 11 review.ti. and 9 (240) 12 10 or 11 (741) 13 limit 12 to yr="2017 -Current" (60) 14 exp animals/ not humans/ (4507543) 15 13 not 14 (60) 16 (feline$ or cat or cats or dog or dogs or rat or rats or mice or monkey$ or macaque$ or minipig$).tw. (2453607) 17 15 not 16 (60) *************************** <1> Unique Identifier 29498793 Title Does audiovisual distraction reduce dental anxiety in children under local anesthesia? A systematic review and meta-analysis. [Review] Source Oral Diseases. 2018 Mar 02. VI 1 Status Publisher Authors Zhang C; Qin D; Shen L; Ji P; Wang J. Author NameID Zhang, C; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4992-9844 Authors Full Name Zhang, C; Qin, D; Shen, L; Ji, P; Wang, J. Institution Zhang, C. College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Zhang, C. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China. Zhang, C. Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China. Qin, D. College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Qin, D. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China. Qin, D. Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China. Shen, L. College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Shen, L. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China. Shen, L. Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China. Ji, P. College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Ji, P. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China. Ji, P. Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China. Wang, J. College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Wang, J. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China. Wang, J. Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract OBJECTIVES: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of audiovisual distraction on reducing dental anxiety in children during dental treatment under local anesthesia. METHODS: The authors identified eligible reports published through August 2017 by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Clinical trials that reported the effects of audiovisual distraction on children's physiological measures, self-reports, and behavior rating scales during dental treatment met the minimum inclusion requirements. The authors extracted data and performed a meta-analysis of appropriate articles. RESULTS: Nine eligible trials were included and qualitatively analyzed; some of these trials were also quantitatively analyzed. Among the physiological measures, heart rate or pulse rate was significantly lower (p = .01) in children subjected to audiovisual distraction during dental treatment under local anesthesia than in those who were not; a significant difference in oxygen saturation was not observed. The majority of the studies using self-reports and behavior rating scales suggested that audiovisual distraction was beneficial in reducing anxiety perception and improving children's cooperation during dental treatment.

CONCLUSION: The audiovisual distraction approach effectively reduces dental anxiety among children. Therefore, we suggest the use of audiovisual distraction when children need dental treatment under local anesthesia. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <2> Unique Identifier 29936238 Title Success rate of first attempt 4% articaine para-apical anesthesia for the extraction of mandibular wisdom teeth. Source Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2018 Jun 21. VI 1 Status Publisher Authors Sawadogo A; Coulibaly M; Quilodran C; Bationo R; Konsem T; Ella B. Authors Full Name Sawadogo, A; Coulibaly, M; Quilodran, C; Bationo, R; Konsem, T; Ella, B. Institution Sawadogo, A. UFR/SDS, Universite Ouaga, 1, Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 B.P. 7021, 03 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Electronic address: [email protected]. Coulibaly, M. Pvrsandemic Prevention ECOWAS Region (RPPP) GIZ C/O, West African Health Organization (WAHO), 01 BP 153, 01 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Quilodran, C. UFR des Sciences odontologiques, Bordeaux University, 16, Cours de la Marne, 33082 Bordeaux cedex, France. Bationo, R. Medical center Camp Sangoule Lamizana, BP. 610, 01 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Konsem, T. Universite Ouaga, 1, Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 B.P. 7021, 03 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Ella, B. Department of Anatomy et Physiology at UFR des Sciences, Odontologiques, Bordeaux University, 16, Cours de la Marne, 33082 Bordeaux, France. Abstract Dental extraction is one of the acts that cannot be undertaken or carried out without total analgesia. Unfortunately, the success of anesthesia is not always systematic. Failures are noted during the extraction of mandibular wisdom teeth and pain management therefore remains a challenge for their extraction. The anesthesia technique and nature of the adapted anesthetic solution are controversial. However, the most commonly used technique is the Lower Alveolar Nerve Block (IANB). This technique has disadvantages (trismus, risk of intra-arterial injection and hematoma) and a failure rate of up to 88%. In some survey, 90% of 93 practitioners had difficulty obtaining proper anesthesia. Other clinical studies have also shown overall failure rates of 37%-47%, and 15%-35% on healthy lower molars. Recent studies have evaluated the success rate of articaine at between 54% and 94%, while others have shown that for mandibular teeth, articaine is more effective in para-apical anesthesia than lidocaine. Sixty subjects were selected for the study. The aim was to evaluate the overall success rate of first intention 4% articaine para-apical anesthesia during extraction of third mandibular molars. The overall success rate of para-apical anesthesia was 87%. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. Publication Type Journal Article. Year of Publication 2018 <3> Unique Identifier 29959599 Title Needle fracture as a complication of dental local anesthesia: recommendations for prevention and a comprehensive treatment algorithm based on literature from the past four decades. Source Clinical Oral Investigations. 2018 Jun 29. VI 1 Status Publisher Authors Acham S; Truschnegg A; Rugani P; Kirnbauer B; Reinbacher KE; Zemann W; Kqiku L; Jakse N. Authors Full Name Acham, Stephan; Truschnegg, Astrid; Rugani, Petra; Kirnbauer, Barbara; Reinbacher, Knut Ernst; Zemann, Wolfgang; Kqiku, Lumnije; Jakse, Norbert. Institution Acham, Stephan. Division of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University Graz, Billrothgasse 4, 8010, Graz, Austria. Truschnegg, Astrid. Division of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University Graz, Billrothgasse 4, 8010, Graz, Austria. [email protected]. Rugani, Petra. Division of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University Graz, Billrothgasse 4, 8010, Graz, Austria.

Kirnbauer, Barbara. Division of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University Graz, Billrothgasse 4, 8010, Graz, Austria. Reinbacher, Knut Ernst. Office for Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Medicine, Ringweg 98530, 8530, Deutschlandsberg, Austria. Zemann, Wolfgang. Division of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5, 8036, Graz, Austria. Kqiku, Lumnije. Division of Preventive and Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, Periodontology, Prosthodontics, Restorative Dentistry and Implantology, Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University Graz, Billrothgasse 4, 8010, Graz, Austria. Jakse, Norbert. Division of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University Graz, Billrothgasse 4, 8010, Graz, Austria. Jakse, Norbert. Division of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5, 8036, Graz, Austria. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract OBJECTIVES: The aim of this publication is to provide a concept for prevention and a standardized step-by-step clinical approach to this rare but serious and potentially preventable complication of dental local anesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected data with a PUBMED search using the key words "local anesthesia," "dental anesthesia/anesthesia" OR "mandibular block anesthesia," "complication," "hypodermic needle," "needle breakage" OR "needle fracture," and "foreign body AND removal" OR "retrieval." The existing literature was systematically evaluated from 1980 to date using Microsoft Excel 2007 (Microsoft Corporation). RESULTS: After analysis of the literature, we included 36 reports documenting 59 needle breakage events and defined possible risk factors and preventive measures. All relevant reported parameters were listed in tabular form. The main result of this article is a treatment algorithm for this complication. CONCLUSIONS: Prevention of a needle fracture should be the main goal during local dental anesthesia. Use of longer hypodermic needle can obviate complex retrieval surgery. If immediate removal of the fragment fails, localization, planning, and the necessary surgical procedure should be arranged promptly. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Following a strict algorithm, successful surgical handling of this complication will depend on minimizing risk and following treatment recommendations closely. Publication Type Journal Article. Year of Publication 2018 <4> Unique Identifier 29763139 Title Local Anesthetic Toxicity. [Review] Book Title StatPearls Source StatPearls Publishing. 2018 01. VI 1 Authors Mahajan A; Derian A. Authors Full Name Mahajan, Ajay; Derian, Armen. Institution Mahajan, Ajay. Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Derian, Armen. Mayo Clinic Abstract Local anesthetics are commonly used in most medical and dental practice. While adverse effects are rare, the rising prevalence of local anesthetics in practice has resulted in a greater incidence of local anesthetic toxicity. From minor symptoms to major cardiac or central nervous system (CNS) effects, local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is an important consequence of which to be aware. Systemic toxicity was originally associated with seizures and respiratory failure. However, in the 1970s, cardiac effects were also recognized, as bupivacaine-associated fatal cardiac toxicity was discovered in healthy adults. This article reviews the mechanisms, frequency, clinical characteristics, treatment, and prevention of LAST. Copyright © 2018, StatPearls Publishing LLC. Publication Type Review. Year of Publication 2018 <5> Unique Identifier 29427008 Title Oral health-related quality of life changes in children following dental treatment under general anaesthesia: a meta-analysis.

Source Clinical Oral Investigations. 2018 Feb 09. VI 1 Status Publisher Authors Park JS; Anthonappa RP; Yawary R; King NM; Martens LC. Authors Full Name Park, Joon Soo; Anthonappa, Robert P; Yawary, Rana; King, Nigel M; Martens, Luc C. Institution Park, Joon Soo. Paediatric Oral Health Research Group, School of Dentistry, The University of Western Australia, 17 Monash Avenue, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia. Anthonappa, Robert P. Paediatric Oral Health Research Group, School of Dentistry, The University of Western Australia, 17 Monash Avenue, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia. [email protected]. Yawary, Rana. Paediatric Oral Health Research Group, School of Dentistry, The University of Western Australia, 17 Monash Avenue, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia. King, Nigel M. Paediatric Oral Health Research Group, School of Dentistry, The University of Western Australia, 17 Monash Avenue, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia. Martens, Luc C. PAECOMEDIS Research Cluster, Section Paediatric Dentistry, The University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract OBJECTIVE: To conduct a meta-analysis of studies that have employed the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) and Child Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (COHRQoL) instruments, to evaluate the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) changes in children following dental treatment under general anaesthesia (DGA). METHOD: A systematic search of 5 databases was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The inclusion criteria were use of ECOHIS and COHRQoL, pre-and post-operative assessments, patients aged between 0 and 16 years, no restrictions on the follow-up period and DGA. The primary outcome measure was changes in quality of life for both the children, which was based on mean difference (MD). Twenty-two articles were included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: A favourable outcome in OHRQoL was identified in all studies. The combined MD for ECOHIS and COHRQoL were 1.62 [95% CI 1.52-1.71; P<0.00001; I2=0%] and 0.86 [95% CI 0.74-0.99; P<0.00001; I2=0%], respectively, both with no evidence of heterogeneity. CONCLUSION: There is evidence to support that the OHRQoL of children was improved, with large effect size, in the short-term following DGA. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Dental treatment under GA significantly improved the OHRQoL of children. Publication Type Journal Article. Year of Publication 2018 <6> Unique Identifier 30186969 Title The efficiency of topical anesthetics as antimicrobial agents: A review of use in dentistry. [Review] Source Journal of Dental Anesthesia & Pain Medicine. 18(4):223-233, 2018 Aug. VI 1 Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE Authors Kaewjiaranai T; Srisatjaluk RL; Sakdajeyont W; Pairuchvej V; Wongsirichat N. Author NameID Kaewjiaranai, Thanawat; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3455-0321 Srisatjaluk, Ratchapin Laovanitch; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8877-2408 Sakdajeyont, Watus; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5921-989X Pairuchvej, Verasak; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9566-2407 Wongsirichat, Natthamet; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3005-2680 Authors Full Name Kaewjiaranai, Thanawat; Srisatjaluk, Ratchapin Laovanitch; Sakdajeyont, Watus; Pairuchvej, Verasak; Wongsirichat, Natthamet. Institution Kaewjiaranai, Thanawat. Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. Srisatjaluk, Ratchapin Laovanitch. Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. Sakdajeyont, Watus. Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. Pairuchvej, Verasak. Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. Wongsirichat, Natthamet. Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. Abstract Topical anesthetics are commonly used in oral & maxillofacial surgery to control pain in the oral cavity mucosa before local anesthetic injection. These anesthetic agents come in many forms, developed for different usages, to minimize adverse reactions,

and for optimal anesthetic efficiency. Earlier studies have revealed that these agents may also limit the growth of microorganisms in the area of anesthetic application. Many topical anesthetic agents show different levels of antimicrobial activity against various bacterial strains and Candida. The dosage of local anesthetic agent used in some clinical preparations is too low to show a significant effect on microbial activity. Efficiency of antimicrobial activity depends on the local anesthetic agent's properties of diffusion within the bloodstream and binding efficiency with cytoplasmic membrane, which is followed by disruption of the bacterial cell membrane. The antimicrobial properties of these agents may extend their usage in patients to both control pain and infection. To develop the topical local anesthetic optimal usage and antimicrobial effect, a collaborating antiseptic agent may be used to benefit the local anesthetic. However, more research is required regarding minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of topical local anesthetic agents with drug interaction between anesthetics and antiseptic agents. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <7> Unique Identifier 30186967 Title Computerized intraligamental anesthesia in children: A review of clinical considerations. [Review] Source Journal of Dental Anesthesia & Pain Medicine. 18(4):197-204, 2018 Aug. VI 1 Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE Authors Baghlaf K; Elashiry E; Alamoudi N. Author NameID Baghlaf, Khlood; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-9633 Elashiry, Eman; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4010-5611 Alamoudi, Najlaa; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2497-2675 Authors Full Name Baghlaf, Khlood; Elashiry, Eman; Alamoudi, Najlaa. Institution Baghlaf, Khlood. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Baghlaf, Khlood. Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Elashiry, Eman. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Elashiry, Eman. Pedodontic Department, El Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. Alamoudi, Najlaa. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Abstract Pain control by means of local anesthesia is an intrinsic part of clinical practice in dentistry. Several studies evaluated intraligamental anesthesia using a computer-controlled anesthetic device in children. There is a need to provide a clinical guide for the use of computerized intraligamental anesthesia in children. Intraligamental anesthesia using a computer-controlled anesthetic device was found to cause significantly lower pain perception scores and lower pain-related behavior than traditional techniques. This device proven to be effective in restorative and pulp treatment in children; however, its effectiveness in primary teeth extraction is controversial. It is important to withdraw recommendations necessity of future studies concerning the side effects of computerized intraligamental anesthesia in children. The present study aims to review different clinical aspects of computerized intraligamental anesthesia in children along with the side-effects, type of local anesthesia and postoperative pain of this technique. This study provides dentists with a clinical guide for the use of computerized intraligamental anesthesia. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <8> Unique Identifier 29509518 Title Volume of Anesthetic Agents and IANB Success: A Systematic Review. Source Anesthesia Progress. 65(1):16-23, Spring 2018. VI 1 Status In-Process Authors Milani AS; Froughreyhani M; Rahimi S; Zand V; Jafarabadi MA. Authors Full Name Milani, Amin Salem; Froughreyhani, Mohammad; Rahimi, Saeed; Zand, Vahid; Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asghari. Institution Milani, Amin Salem. Assistant Professor, Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Froughreyhani, Mohammad. Associate Professor, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Rahimi, Saeed. Professor of Endodontics, Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Zand, Vahid. Associate Professor, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asghari. Associate Professor of Biostatistics, Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract The aim of this study was to provide an evidence-based answer to the question: "Is 3.6-mL volume of an anesthetic agent more effective than 1.8-mL volume in providing anesthesia for mandibular molars?" Following formulation of research question and keyword selection, a comprehensive search of the following databases was conducted: Cochrane library, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and Clinicaltrials.gov. Three-phase eligibility appraisal and quality assessment of the studies were carried out by 2 independent reviewers. To reduce clinical heterogeneity, the included studies were divided into 2 groups: studies on healthy teeth and studies on teeth with pulpitis. The data of included studies were statistically combined through meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model. A total of 20,778 records were initially retrieved from the search. Following screening and eligibility assessment, 8 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included for qualitative synthesis. Of those, 5 studies were qualified for meta-analysis. In the irreversible pulpitis group, increasing the volume of anesthetic agent from 1.8 to 3.6 mL significantly increased the success rate of inferior alveolar nerve block (risk ratio = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.67-3.59, p < .001). However, there was insufficient evidence to draw a conclusion regarding healthy teeth. Publication Type Journal Article. Year of Publication 2018 <9> Unique Identifier 30049470 Title Amaurosis, an Unusual Complication Secondary to Inferior Alveolar Nerve Anesthesia: A Case Report and Literature Review. Source Journal of Endodontics. 44(9):1442-1444, 2018 Sep. VI 1 Status In-Process Authors Pandey R; Dixit N; Dixit KK; Roy S; Gaba C. Authors Full Name Pandey, Rahul; Dixit, Nivedita; Dixit, Kuldeep K; Roy, Sonali; Gaba, Chakshu. Institution Pandey, Rahul. Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. Electronic address: [email protected]. Dixit, Nivedita. Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Dixit, Kuldeep K. The Departments of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. Roy, Sonali. The Departments of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna, India. Gaba, Chakshu. Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, BDA MEMBERS CAN ALSO ACCESS THIS JOURNAL ONLINE FROM 2011 TO DATE. Go to www.bda.org/ejournals Abstract Ocular complications after an inferior alveolar nerve anesthesia are rare. These complications, although temporary and benign, can be distressing to both the patient and the clinician. A 37-year-old male patient was administered an inferior alveolar nerve block for the root canal treatment of tooth #30. Immediately after the administration of local anesthesia, the patient reported complete loss of vision. The patient recovered completely after 15 minutes. In particular, amaurosis is quite uncommon and usually heralds a more sinister pathology such as stroke. This case report presents an unusual case of ocular complication after an inferior alveolar nerve block. Adequate knowledge of the regional anatomy and physiology of the orbit and its nearby structures, the proposed causes of ocular complications, and prevention and management is necessary to manage such events. Copyright © 2018 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Publication Type Journal Article. Year of Publication 2018 <10> Unique Identifier 29932502 Title The Editor recommends this issue's article to the reader: Anaesthetic efficacy of Articaine versus Lidocaine in children's dentistry: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Source International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry. 28(4):346, 2018 Jul. VI 1 Status In-Process Authors

Anonymous. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Publication Type Editorial. Year of Publication 2018 <11> Unique Identifier 29377171 Title The effect of adjusting the pH of local anaesthetics in dentistry: a systematic review and meta-analysis. [Review] Source International Endodontic Journal. 51(8):862-876, 2018 Aug. VI 1 Status In-Process Authors Aulestia-Viera PV; Braga MM; Borsatti MA. Author NameID Borsatti, M A; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1413-0004 Authors Full Name Aulestia-Viera, P V; Braga, M M; Borsatti, M A. Institution Aulestia-Viera, P V. Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Braga, M M. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Borsatti, M A. Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract The acidic nature of commercial local anaesthetics (LAs) can cause pain during infiltration and delay the onset of anaesthesia. It is suggested that adjusting the pH of anaesthetic agents could minimize these effects. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of buffered LAs in reducing infiltration pain and onset time during dental procedures. MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Scielo databases were searched up to April 2017. Randomized controlled trials comparing buffered and unbuffered LAs for intraoral injections were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Data upon injection pain and onset time were pooled in a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses compared normal and inflamed tissues, and terminal infiltrations and inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) blocks. Meta-regressions were performed to explain heterogeneity. Fourteen articles were included in this review. Lidocaine with epinephrine was the most used anaesthetic combination. Nonlidocaine studies (n = 2) were not pooled in the meta-analysis. Buffered lidocaine did not result in less pain during intraoral injections: mean difference -6.4 (95% CI -12.81 to 0.01) units in a 0-100 scale. Alkalinized lidocaine did not reduce the onset time in normal tissues when terminal infiltration techniques were used, but resulted in a more rapid onset for IAN blocks (-1.26 min) and in inflamed tissues (-1.37 min); however, this change may not be clinically relevant, considering the time required to prepare the buffered agent. Studies performed using other anaesthetic salts did not show robust and clinically significant results in favour of alkalinization. Copyright © 2018 International Endodontic Journal. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <12> Unique Identifier 28106160 Title Evaluation of Three Block Anesthesia Methods for Pain Management During Mandibular Third Molar Extraction: A Meta-analysis. Source Scientific Reports. 7:40987, 2017 01 20. VI 1 Status In-Process Authors Yu F; Xiao Y; Liu H; Wu F; Lou F; Chen D; Bai M; Huang D; Wang C; Ye L. Authors Full Name Yu, Fanyuan; Xiao, Yao; Liu, Hanghang; Wu, Fanzi; Lou, Feng; Chen, Dian; Bai, Mingru; Huang, Dingming; Wang, Chenglin; Ye, Ling. Institution Yu, Fanyuan. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Xiao, Yao. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Liu, Hanghang. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Wu, Fanzi. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Lou, Feng. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Chen, Dian. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Bai, Mingru. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Huang, Dingming. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Huang, Dingming. Department of Endodontics, West China Stomatology Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Wang, Chenglin. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Wang, Chenglin. Department of Endodontics, West China Stomatology Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Ye, Ling. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Ye, Ling. Department of Endodontics, West China Stomatology Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Abstract A patient's pain during mandibular third molar extraction often creates problems for a dental surgeon and can also cause immense patient discomfort, such as decreased quality of life, serious complications, or even danger to the patients' lives. Effective pain management is therefore of great importance. Conventional block anesthesia method often fails to control such pain completely during an operation. Therefore, two available alternatives, Gow-Gates (G-G) and Vazirani-Akinosi (V-A) methods, have been developed. However, the results of current studies regarding their effectiveness and safety are somewhat ambiguous. The use of G-G and V-A techniques is therefore restricted. This study did a comprehensive review of the relevant research and finally 7 RCTs were included. The results of this meta-analysis indicate that both G-G and V-A techniques have a lower risk of positive aspiration. G-G technique also evidenced a higher success rate than the conventional method. V-A was faster while the G-G technique in contrast had a slower onset time than the conventional technique. In terms of the measurement of analgesic success, however, the V-A method was statistically indistinguishable from conventional techniques. These findings will hopefully endow clinicians with the knowledge required to make appropriate choices for effective anesthesia during lower third molar extraction. Publication Type Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Year of Publication 2017 <13> Unique Identifier 29952645 Title True Allergy to Amide Local Anesthetics: A Review and Case Presentation. Source Anesthesia Progress. 65(2):119-123, 2018. VI 1 Status In-Data-Review Authors Bina B; Hersh EV; Hilario M; Alvarez K; McLaughlin B. Authors Full Name Bina, Babak; Hersh, Elliot V; Hilario, Micael; Alvarez, Kenia; McLaughlin, Bradford. Institution Bina, Babak. Director General Practice Residency, NYU Lutheran, Brooklyn, New York. Hersh, Elliot V. Professor of Oral Surgery and Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia. Hilario, Micael. PGY3 Periodontal Chief Resident, NYU Lutheran, Brooklyn, New York, and. Alvarez, Kenia. PGY3 Periodontal Chief Resident, NYU Lutheran, Brooklyn, New York, and. McLaughlin, Bradford. PGY2 General Practice Chief Resident, NYU Lutheran, Brooklyn, New York. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract Adverse reactions to local anesthetics are usually a reaction to epinephrine, vasovagal syncope, or overdose toxicity. Allergic reactions to local anesthetics are often attributed to additives such as metabisulfite or methylparaben. True allergic reactions to amide local anesthetics are extremely rare but have been documented. Patients with true allergy to amide local anesthetics present a challenge to the dental practitioner in providing adequate care with appropriate intraoperative pain management. Often, these patients may be treated under general anesthesia. We report a case of a 43-year-old female patient that presented to NYU Lutheran Medical Center Dental Clinic with a documented history of allergy to amide local anesthetics. This case report reviews the use of 1% diphenhydramine with 1:100,000 epinephrine as an alternative local anesthetic and reviews the relevant literature. Publication Type Journal Article. Year of Publication 2018 <14> Unique Identifier 29635712 Title

Anaesthetic efficacy of articaine versus lidocaine in children's dentistry: a systematic review and meta-analysis. [Review] Source International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry. 28(4):347-360, 2018 Jul. VI 1 Status In-Process Authors Tong HJ; Alzahrani FS; Sim YF; Tahmassebi JF; Duggal M. Author NameID Duggal, Monty; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8052-0676 Authors Full Name Tong, Huei Jinn; Alzahrani, Fatma Salem; Sim, Yu Fan; Tahmassebi, Jinous F; Duggal, Monty. Institution Tong, Huei Jinn. Discipline of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. Alzahrani, Fatma Salem. Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. Sim, Yu Fan. Clinical Trials Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. Tahmassebi, Jinous F. Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. Duggal, Monty. Discipline of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract BACKGROUND: Over the last few years, numerous reviews and studies have awarded articaine hydrochloride local anaesthetic (LA) a superior reputation, with outcomes of different studies demonstrating a general tendency for articaine hydrochloride to outperform lidocaine hydrochloride for dental treatment. Nevertheless, there seems to be no clear agreement on which LA solution is more efficacious in dental treatment for children. There is no previous publication systematically reviewing and summarising the current best evidence with respect to the success rates of LA solutions in children. AIMS: To evaluate the available evidence on the efficacy of lidocaine and articaine, used in paediatric dentistry. DESIGN: A systematic search was conducted on Cochrane CENTRAL Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE (OVID; 1950 to June 2017), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL; EBSCOhost; 1982 to June 2017), EMBASE (OVID; 1980 to June 2017), SCI-EXPANDED (ISI Web of Knowledge; 1900 to June 2017), key journals, and previous review bibliographies through June 2017. Original research studies that compared articaine with lidocaine for dental treatment in children were included. Methodological quality assessment and assessment of risk of bias were carried out for each of the included studies. RESULTS: Electronic searching identified 525 publications. Following the primary and secondary assessment process, six randomised controlled trials (RCT) were included in the final analysis. There was no difference between patient self-reported pain between articaine and lidocaine during treatment procedures (SMD = 0.06, P-value = 0.614), and no difference in the occurrence of adverse events between articaine and lidocaine injections following treatment in paediatric patients (RR = 1.10, P-value = 0.863). Yet, patients reported significantly less pain post-procedure following articaine injections (SMD = 0.37, P-value = 0.013). Substantial heterogeneity was noted in the reporting of outcomes among studies, with the overall quality of majority of studies being at high risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS: There is low quality evidence suggesting that both articaine as infiltration and lidocaine IAD nerve blocks presented the same efficacy when used for routine dental treatments, with no difference between patient self-reported pain between articaine and lidocaine during treatment procedures. Yet, significantly less pain post-procedure was reported following articaine injections. There was no difference in the occurrence of adverse events between articaine and lidocaine injections following treatment in paediatric patients. Copyright © 2018 BSPD, IAPD and John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <15> Unique Identifier 29709297 Title Effect of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug as an Oral Premedication on the Anesthetic Success of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block in Treatment of Irreversible Pulpitis: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis. [Review] Source Journal of Endodontics. 44(6):914-922.e2, 2018 Jun. VI 1 Status In-Process Authors Nagendrababu V; Pulikkotil SJ; Veettil SK; Teerawattanapong N; Setzer FC. Authors Full Name Nagendrababu, Venkateshbabu; Pulikkotil, Shaju Jacob; Veettil, Sajesh K; Teerawattanapong, Nattawat; Setzer, Frank C. Institution

Nagendrababu, Venkateshbabu. Division of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: [email protected]. Pulikkotil, Shaju Jacob. Division of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Veettil, Sajesh K. Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Teerawattanapong, Nattawat. Division of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand. Setzer, Frank C. Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, BDA MEMBERS CAN ALSO ACCESS THIS JOURNAL ONLINE FROM 2011 TO DATE. Go to www.bda.org/ejournals Abstract INTRODUCTION: Successful anesthesia with an inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) is imperative for treating patients with irreversible pulpitis in mandibular teeth. This systematic review assessed the efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as oral premedications on the success of IANBs in irreversible pulpitis. METHODS: Three databases were searched to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published up until September 2017. Retrieved RCTs were evaluated using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. The primary efficacy outcome of interest was the success rate of IANB anesthesia. Meta-analytic estimates (risk ratio [RR] with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) performed using a random effects model and publication bias determined using funnel plot analysis were assessed. Random errors were evaluated with trial sequential analyses, and the quality of evidence was appraised using a Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. RESULTS: Thirteen RCTs (N = 1034) were included. Eight studies had low risk of bias. Statistical analysis of good-quality RCTs showed a significant beneficial effect of any NSAID in increasing the anesthetic success of IANBs compared with placebo (RR = 1.92; 95% CI, 1.55-2.38). Subgroup analyses showed a similar beneficial effect for ibuprofen, diclofenac, and ketorolac (RR = 1.83 [95% CI, 1.43-2.35], RR = 2.56 [95% CI, 1.46-4.50], and RR = 2.07 [95% CI, 1.47-2.90], respectively). Dose-dependent ibuprofen >400 mg/d (RR = 1.85; 95% CI, 1.39-2.45) was shown to be effective; however, ibuprofen <=400 mg/d showed no association (RR = 1.78; 95% CI, 0.90-3.55). TSA confirmed conclusive evidence for a beneficial effect of NSAIDs for IANB premedication. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach did not reveal any concerns regarding the quality of the results. CONCLUSIONS: Oral premedication with NSAIDs and ibuprofen (>400 mg/d) increased the anesthetic success of IANBs in patients with irreversible pulpitis. Copyright © 2018 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <16> Unique Identifier 29744382 Title Alternative practices of achieving anaesthesia for dental procedures: a review. [Review] Source Journal of Dental Anesthesia & Pain Medicine. 18(2):79-88, 2018 Apr. VI 1 Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE Authors Angelo Z; Polyvios C. Author NameID Angelo, Zavattini; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6176-2688 Polyvios, Charalambous; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4289-157X Authors Full Name Angelo, Zavattini; Polyvios, Charalambous. Institution Angelo, Zavattini. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Cardiff University Dental Hospital, Cardiff, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Polyvios, Charalambous. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Cardiff University Dental Hospital, Cardiff, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Abstract Managing pain and anxiety in patients has always been an essential part of dentistry. To prevent pain, dentists administer local anaesthesia (LA) via a needle injection. Unfortunately, anxiety and fear that arise prior to and/or during injection remains a barrier for many children and adults from receiving dental treatment. There is a constant search for techniques to alleviate the invasive and painful nature of the needle injection. In recent years, researchers have developed alternative methods which enable dental anaesthesia to be less invasive and more patient-friendly. The aim of this review is to highlight the procedures and devices available which may replace the conventional needle-administered local anaesthesia. The most known alternative methods in providing anaesthesia in dentistry are: topical anaesthesia, electronic dental anaesthesia, jet-injectors, iontophoresis, and computerized control local anaesthesia delivery systems. Even though these procedures are well accepted by patients to date, it is the authors' opinion that the effectiveness practicality of such techniques in general dentistry is not without limitations. Publication Type

Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <17> Unique Identifier 29744381 Title Complications caused by nitrous oxide in dental sedation. [Review] Source Journal of Dental Anesthesia & Pain Medicine. 18(2):71-78, 2018 Apr. VI 1 Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE Authors Chi SI. Author NameID Chi, Seong In; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1282-8633 Authors Full Name Chi, Seong In. Institution Chi, Seong In. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dankook University Sejong Dental Hospital, Sejong, South Korea. Abstract The first clinical application of nitrous oxide (N2O) was in 1844, by an American dentist named Horace Wells who used it to control pain during tooth extraction. Since then, N2O has shared a 170-year history with modern dental anesthesia. N2O, an odorless and colorless gas, is very appealing as a sedative owing to its anxiolytic, analgesic, and amnestic properties, rapid onset and recovery, and, in particular, needle-free application. Numerous studies have reported that N2O can be used safely and effectively as a procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) agent. However, N2O can lead to the irreversible inactivation of vitamin B12, which is essential for humans; although rare, this can be fatal in some patients. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <18> Unique Identifier 28944594 Title Effect of clonidine on the efficacy of lignocaine local anesthesia in dentistry: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. [Review] Source Journal of Investigative & Clinical Dentistry. 9(2):e12296, 2018 May. VI 1 Status In-Process Authors Sivaramakrishnan G; Sridharan K. Author NameID Sivaramakrishnan, Gowri; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5877-205X Authors Full Name Sivaramakrishnan, Gowri; Sridharan, Kannan. Institution Sivaramakrishnan, Gowri. Department of Oral Health, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji. Sridharan, Kannan. Department of Pharmacology, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji. Abstract Alternatives to adrenaline with lignocaine local anesthesia, such as clonidine, have been trialed in various randomized, controlled trials. Therefore, the aim of the present systematic review was to compile the available evidence on using clonidine with lignocaine for dental anesthesia. Electronic databases were searched for eligible studies. A data-extraction form was created, extracted data were analyzed using non-Cochrane mode in RevMan 5.3 software. Heterogeneity between the studies were assessed using the forest plot, I2 statistics (where >50% was considered to have moderate-to-severe heterogeneity), and chi2 -test. Random-effects models were used because of moderate heterogeneity. Five studies were included for the final review. While clonidine was found to significantly shorten the onset of local anesthesia when measured subjectively, no significant difference was observed objectively. No significant difference was observed in the duration and postoperative analgesia. Stable hemodynamic parameters within the safe range were observed postoperatively when clonidine was used. Clonidine could be considered as an alternative to adrenaline in cases of contraindications to adrenaline, such as like cardiac abnormalities, hypertension, and diabetes. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <19>

Unique Identifier 29714490 Title Efficacy of Ketamine in Pediatric Sedation Dentistry: A Systematic Review. Source Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry. 39(5):e1-e4, 2018 May. VI 1 Status In-Process Authors Oh S; Kingsley K. Authors Full Name Oh, Samuel; Kingsley, Karl. Institution Oh, Samuel. Department of Advanced Education in Pediatrics, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, School of Dental Medicine, Las Vegas, Nevada. Kingsley, Karl. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, School of Dental Medicine, Las Vegas, Nevada. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract BACKGROUND: Ketamine has been used as a safe and effective sedative to treat adults and children exhibiting high levels of anxiety or fear during dental treatment. Pediatric dentistry often involves patients with high levels of anxiety and fear and possibly few positive dental experiences. Patient management can involve behavioral approaches, as well as the use of sedation or general anesthesia with a variety of agents, including midazolam, diazepam, hydroxyzine, meperidine, and ketamine. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of ketamine use in pediatric sedation dentistry through systematic review and analysis. METHODS: A systematic review of publications between 1990 and 2015 was conducted using PubMed and MEDLINE databases maintained by the US National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health. The keywords used were (ketamine) AND (dental OR dentistry) AND (sedation). The abstract and title of all potential publications were then screened for clinical trials and to remove non-English articles, non-human or animal trials, and other non-dental or non-relevant studies. RESULTS: A total of 1,657 citations were initially identified, reviewed, and screened, eventually resulting in inclusion of 25 clinical trials in this systematic review. Nineteen studies evaluated ketamine effects in pediatric dental sedation using oral (non-invasive) administration, three involved subcutaneous or intramuscular injection, and three were completed intravenously. Evidence analysis of these trials revealed the majority (n = 22/25) provided strong, positive evidence for the use of ketamine (alone or in combination) to reduce dental anxiety and behavioral non-compliance with the remainder suggesting equivocal results. Additional endpoints evaluated in some studies involved dosage, as well as time to achieve sedation effect. CONCLUSION: The use of ketamine (alone or in combination) can provide safe, effective, and timely sedation in pediatric patients regardless of the route of administration. Publication Type Journal Article. Year of Publication 2018 <20> Unique Identifier 29696118 Title Anesthetic Considerations for Angelman Syndrome: Case Series and Review of the Literature. Source Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine. 7(5):e57826, 2017 Oct. VI 1 Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE Authors Warner ME; Martin DP; Warner MA; Gavrilova RH; Sprung J; Weingarten TN. Authors Full Name Warner, Mary Ellen; Martin, David P; Warner, Mark A; Gavrilova, Ralitza H; Sprung, Juraj; Weingarten, Toby N. Institution Warner, Mary Ellen. Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Martin, David P. Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Warner, Mark A. Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Gavrilova, Ralitza H. Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Sprung, Juraj. Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Weingarten, Toby N. Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Abstract Background: Angelman syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability, severe speech impairment, ataxia, seizures, happy demeanor, distinctive craniofacial features, high vagal tone, and gamma-amino butyric acid receptor abnormalities. The aim of this report is to review our experience of patients with Angelman syndrome undergoing anesthetic management.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed perioperative course of patients with Angelman syndrome who underwent procedures under anesthesia from 2000 to 2016. Results: Six patients with Angelman syndrome underwent 18 procedures; 14 performed under general anesthesia, and 4 with monitored anesthetic care, many for minor procedures (e.g., dental and diagnostic). Five patients had profound developmental delay and were nonverbal and 4 of them had epilepsy. The perioperative courses were uncomplicated except a 2 year-old girl having an intraoperative bronchospasm, a 16 year-old girl requiring flumazenil administration, and 28 year-old man who was electively intubated with a videolaryngoscope because of airway management concerns. No patients were documented as having postoperative pain. Conclusions: Angelman syndrome patients often require anesthesia for relatively innocuous procedures, and their speech impairment and happy demeanor can confound postoperative pain assessment. Patients can have atypical responses to benzodiazepines. Craniofacial abnormalities can complicate airway management. Although not encountered in this series, anesthesiologists need to be aware that Angelman syndrome patients have developed malignant bradydysrhythmias while anesthetized. Publication Type Journal Article. Year of Publication 2017 <21> Unique Identifier 29481773 Title Providing Anesthesia in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Office: A Look Back, Where We Are Now and a Look Ahead. [Review] Source Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. 76(5):917-925, 2018 May. VI 1 Status In-Data-Review Authors Lieblich S. Authors Full Name Lieblich, Stuart. Institution Lieblich, Stuart. Clinical Professor, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, Farmington; Private Practice, Avon Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Avon, CT. Electronic address: [email protected]. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, BDA MEMBERS CAN ALSO ACCESS THIS JOURNAL ONLINE FROM 2011 TO DATE. Go to www.bda.org/ejournals Abstract Throughout its development the practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery has been richly associated with the provision of anesthetic services. Dentists and particularly oral and maxillofacial surgeons have advanced the science associated with anesthesia especially in the outpatient setting. This article will look back on the development of anesthesia as it relates to oral and maxillofacial surgery, discuss the current mode of anesthesia in the oral surgeon's practice and look ahead to what innovations are advancing this field. Copyright © 2018 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <22> Unique Identifier 29322502 Title Systematic review of benefits or harms of routine anaesthetist-inserted throat packs in adults: practice recommendations for inserting and counting throat packs: An evidence-based consensus statement by the Difficult Airway Society (DAS), the British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (BAOMS) and the British Association of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (ENT-UK). [Review] Source Anaesthesia. 73(5):612-618, 2018 May. VI 1 Status In-Data-Review Authors Athanassoglou V; Patel A; McGuire B; Higgs A; Dover MS; Brennan PA; Banerjee A; Bingham B; Pandit JJ. Authors Full Name Athanassoglou, V; Patel, A; McGuire, B; Higgs, A; Dover, M S; Brennan, P A; Banerjee, A; Bingham, B; Pandit, J J. Institution Athanassoglou, V. Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. Patel, A. The Royal National Throat Nose and Ear Hospital, London, UK. McGuire, B. Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK. Higgs, A. Warrington Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cheshire, UK.

Dover, M S. Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK. Brennan, P A. Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK. Banerjee, A. James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK. Bingham, B. New Victoria Hospital, Glasgow, UK. Pandit, J J. Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract Throat packs are commonly inserted by anaesthetists after induction of anaesthesia for dental, maxillofacial, nasal or upper airway surgery. However, the evidence supporting this practice as routine is unclear, especially in the light of accidentally retained throat packs which constitute 'Never Events' as defined by NHS England. On behalf of three relevant national organisations, we therefore conducted a systematic review and literature search to assess the evidence base for benefit, and also the extent and severity of complications associated with throat pack use. Other than descriptions of how to insert throat packs in many standard texts, we could find no study that sought to assess the benefit of their insertion by anaesthetists. Instead, there were many reports of minor and major complications (the latter including serious postoperative airway obstruction and at least one death), and many descriptions of how to avoid complications. As a result of these findings, the three national organisations no longer recommend the routine insertion of throat packs by anaesthetists but advise caution and careful consideration. Two protocols for pack insertion are presented, should their use be judged necessary. Copyright © 2018 The Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <23> Unique Identifier 29622315 Title Anesthetic Pump Techniques Versus the Intermittent Bolus: What the Oral Surgeon Needs to Know. [Review] Source Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America. 30(2):227-237, 2018 May. VI 1 Status In-Process Authors Robert RC; Patel CM. Authors Full Name Robert, Richard C; Patel, Chirag M. Institution Robert, Richard C. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California at San Francisco School of Dentistry, Box 0440, 533 Parnassus Avenue, UB 10, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. Electronic address: [email protected]. Patel, Chirag M. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California at San Francisco School of Dentistry, Box 0440, 533 Parnassus Avenue, UB 10, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, BDA MEMBERS CAN ALSO ACCESS THIS JOURNAL ONLINE FROM 2002 TO DATE. Go to www.bda.org/ejournals Abstract The most popular agents in use for office-based anesthesia are propofol, ketamine, and remifentanil, which have the desirable properties of rapid onset and short duration of action. A useful parameter in assessing these agents is the context-sensitive half-time. These anesthetic agents demonstrate relatively low, flat plots compared with older agents. For delivery of intravenous anesthetics, oral and maxillofacial surgeons have relied small incremental boluses with great success. However, relatively simple syringe infusion pumps can provide an even "smoother" anesthetic. This article familiarizes oral and maxillofacial surgeons with the advantages of infusion pumps and provides examples of their use. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <24> Unique Identifier 29622312 Title Oral Surgery Patient Safety Concepts in Anesthesia. [Review] Source Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America. 30(2):183-193, 2018 May. VI 1 Status In-Process Authors Robert RC; Patel CM. Authors Full Name

Robert, Richard C; Patel, Chirag M. Institution Robert, Richard C. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry, Box 0440, 533 Parnassus Avenue, UB 10, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. Electronic address: [email protected]. Patel, Chirag M. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry, Box 0440, 533 Parnassus Avenue, UB 10, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, BDA MEMBERS CAN ALSO ACCESS THIS JOURNAL ONLINE FROM 2002 TO DATE. Go to www.bda.org/ejournals Abstract An effective office emergency preparedness plan for the oral and maxillofacial surgery office can be developed through the use of well-designed checklists, cognitive aids, and regularly scheduled in situ simulations with debriefings. In order to achieve this goal, the hierarchal culture of medicine and dentistry must be overcome, and an inclusive team concept embraced by all members of the staff. Technologic advancements in office automation now make it possible to create interactive cognitive aids. These enhance office emergency training and provide a means for more rapid retrieval of essential information and guidance during both simulations and a real crisis. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <25> Unique Identifier 29622307 Title Preoperative Evaluation and Patient Selection for Office-Based Oral Surgery Anesthesia. [Review] Source Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America. 30(2):137-144, 2018 May. VI 1 Status In-Process Authors Lieblich S. Authors Full Name Lieblich, Stuart. Institution Lieblich, Stuart. University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA; Private Practice, Avon Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 34 Dale Road, Suite 105, Avon, CT 06001, USA. Electronic address: [email protected]. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, BDA MEMBERS CAN ALSO ACCESS THIS JOURNAL ONLINE FROM 2002 TO DATE. Go to www.bda.org/ejournals Abstract Provision of an outpatient anesthetic requires careful review of the patient's medical history along with salient aspects of the physical examination. The oral and maxillofacial surgeon may need to consult with the patient's medical providers to gain an understanding of the patient's potential risks for an adverse event. This article reviews key aspects of the patient evaluation so that an informed determination of suitability for an office anesthetic can be made. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <26> Unique Identifier 29304910 Title Benefits and harms of capnography during procedures involving moderate sedation: A rapid review and meta-analysis. Source Journal of the American Dental Association. 149(1):38-50.e2, 2018 Jan. VI 1 Status In-Data-Review Authors Parker W; Estrich CG; Abt E; Carrasco-Labra A; Waugh JB; Conway A; Lipman RD; Araujo MWB. Authors Full Name Parker, William; Estrich, Cameron G; Abt, Elliot; Carrasco-Labra, Alonso; Waugh, Jonathan B; Conway, Aaron; Lipman, Ruth D; Araujo, Marcelo W B. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, BDA MEMBERS CAN ALSO ACCESS THIS JOURNAL ONLINE FROM 1995 TO DATE. Go to www.bda.org/ejournals Abstract

BACKGROUND: Patient safety is a priority in dentistry. Evaluating the benefits and harms associated with the addition of capnography to standard monitoring during moderate sedation for adult patients in the dental practice setting is needed. TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED: The authors used rapid review methodology to identify relevant systematic reviews, which they updated through a systematic search by using the same search strategy as the identified reviews. The authors searched PubMed and Google Scholar and through the references of the identified systematic reviews, which yielded 2,892 studies. Inclusion criteria were that the article was available in English, was original research in adult humans who had undergone moderate procedural sedation, and involved comparing standard monitoring with the addition of capnography. RESULTS: Sixteen studies were eligible, involving 3,866 adults undergoing procedural sedation. The authors used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to evaluate the evidence and rate it as being of moderate to low quality because of high risk of bias and heterogeneous effects for the outcomes of hypoxemia and adverse respiratory events. Capnography had higher sensitivity to detect adverse respiratory events than did standard monitoring alone (0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.65 to 0.99) and may reduce the risk of developing hypoxemia by 31% (risk ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.57 to 0.82). Capnography did not affect the risk of developing serious adverse events, procedure time, sedation quality, or patient satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Adding capnography to standard monitoring of adults during moderate sedation may reduce the risk of developing hypoxemia, increase detection of adverse respiratory events, and is not associated with additional harms. These findings suggest routine use of capnography during moderate sedation has the potential to reduce adverse anesthetic outcomes in dental practice. Copyright © 2018 American Dental Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Publication Type Journal Article. Year of Publication 2018 <27> Unique Identifier 29201257 Title Muscle power during intravenous sedation. [Review] Source Japanese Dental Science Review. 53(4):125-133, 2017 Nov. VI 1 Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE Authors Matsuura N. Authors Full Name Matsuura, Nobuyuki. Institution Matsuura, Nobuyuki. Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan. Abstract Intravenous sedation is effective to reduce fear and anxiety in dental treatment. It also has been used for behavior modification technique in dental patients with special needs. Midazolam and propofol are commonly used for intravenous sedation. Although there have been many researches on the effects of midazolam and propofol on vital function and the recovery profile, little is known about muscle power. This review discusses the effects of intravenous sedation using midazolam and propofol on both grip strength and bite force. During light propofol sedation, grip strength increases slightly and bite force increases in a dose-dependent manner. Grip strength decreases while bite force increases during light midazolam sedation, and also during light sedation using a combination of midazolam and propofol. Flumazenil did not antagonise the increase in bite force by midazolam. These results may suggest following possibilities; (1) Activation of peripheral benzodiazepine receptors located within the temporomandibular joint region and masticatory muscles may be the cause of increasing bite force. (2) Propofol limited the long-latency exteroceptive suppression (ES2) period during jaw-opening reflex. Thus, control of masticatory muscle contraction, which is thought to have a negative feedback effect on excessive bite force, may be depressed by propofol. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <28> Unique Identifier 28940354 Title Videolaryngoscopy vs. direct laryngoscopy use by experienced anaesthetists in patients with known difficult airways: a systematic review and meta-analysis. [Review] Source Anaesthesia. 72(12):1532-1541, 2017 Dec. VI 1 Status In-Data-Review Authors Pieters BMA; Maas EHA; Knape JTA; van Zundert AAJ.

Authors Full Name Pieters, B M A; Maas, E H A; Knape, J T A; van Zundert, A A J. Institution Pieters, B M A. Department of Anaesthesia, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Maas, E H A. Department of Anesthesia, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Knape, J T A. Department of Anaesthesia, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. van Zundert, A A J. Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract Experienced anaesthetists can be confronted with difficult or failed tracheal intubations. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to ascertain if the literature indicated if videolaryngoscopy conferred an advantage when used by experienced anaesthetists managing patients with a known difficult airway. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane central register of controlled trials up to 1 January 2017. Outcome parameters extracted from studies were: first-attempt success of tracheal intubation; time to successful intubation; number of intubation attempts; Cormack and Lehane grade; use of airway adjuncts (e.g. stylet, gum elastic bougie); and complications (e.g. mucosal and dental trauma). Nine studies, including 1329 patients, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. First-attempt success was greater for all videolaryngoscopes (OR 0.34 (95%CI 0.18-0.66); p = 0.001). Use of videolaryngoscopy was associated with a significantly better view of the glottis (Cormack and Lehane grades 1 and 2 vs. 3-4, OR 0.04 (95%CI 0.01-0.15); p < 0.00001). Mucosal trauma occurred less with the use of videolaryngoscopy (OR 0.16 (95%CI 0.04-0.75); p = 0.02). Videolaryngoscopy has added value for the experienced anaesthetist, improving first-time success, the view of the glottis and reducing mucosal trauma. Copyright © 2017 The Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <29> Unique Identifier 28879336 Title The use of general anesthesia to facilitate dental treatment in adult patients with special needs. [Review] Source Journal of Dental Anesthesia & Pain Medicine. 17(2):91-103, 2017 Jun. VI 1 Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE Authors Lim MAWT; Borromeo GL. Author NameID Lim, Mathew Albert Wei Ting; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3712-0519 Borromeo, Gelsomina Lucia; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3124-6233 Authors Full Name Lim, Mathew Albert Wei Ting; Borromeo, Gelsomina Lucia. Institution Lim, Mathew Albert Wei Ting. Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. Borromeo, Gelsomina Lucia. Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. Abstract General anesthesia is commonly used to facilitate dental treatment in patients with anxiety or challenging behavior, many of whom are children or patients with special needs. When performing procedures under general anesthesia, dental surgeons must perform a thorough pre-operative assessment, as well as ensure that the patients are aware of the potential risks and that informed consent has been obtained. Such precautions ensure optimal patient management and reduce the frequency of morbidities associated with this form of sedation. Most guidelines address the management of pediatric patients under general anesthesia. However, little has been published regarding this method in patients with special needs. This article constitutes a review of the current literature regarding management of patients with special needs under general anesthesia. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <30> Unique Identifier 28879335 Title Use of local anesthetics for dental treatment during pregnancy; safety for parturient. [Review] Source Journal of Dental Anesthesia & Pain Medicine. 17(2):81-90, 2017 Jun. VI 1 Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE Authors Lee JM; Shin TJ.

Author NameID Lee, Ji Min; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4014-520X Shin, Teo Jeon; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4499-8813 Authors Full Name Lee, Ji Min; Shin, Teo Jeon. Institution Lee, Ji Min. Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Shin, Teo Jeon. Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Abstract Pregnancy induces significant anatomical and physiological changes in the mother. Many pregnant women need dental treatment due to poor oral hygiene related to pregnancy. However, most dentists are reluctant to provide, and most pregnant women are reluctant to receive, dental treatment during pregnancy. Theoretically, maternally administered drugs are transferred to the fetus. Depending on the types of drugs and the stage of pregnancy, the effects of drugs on the mother, as well as the fetus, may vary. Local anesthetics are the most widely used in dental treatment. It is, therefore, important to understand the potential effects of local anesthetics during pregnancy. In this review, we will focus on the maternal and fetal effects of local anesthetics widely used in dental treatment with consideration of the use of local anesthetics during pregnancy. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <31> Unique Identifier 28764309 Title Death Rate of Dental Anaesthesia. [Review] Source Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research JCDR. 11(6):ZE07-ZE09, 2017 Jun. VI 1 Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE Authors Mortazavi H; Baharvand M; Safi Y. Authors Full Name Mortazavi, Hamed; Baharvand, Maryam; Safi, Yaser. Institution Mortazavi, Hamed. Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Baharvand, Maryam. Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Oral Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Safi, Yaser. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abstract Death was the most important side effect of anaesthesia in dentistry. In this article we reviewed more than 20 studies with adequate data focusing on death associated with dental procedures since 1955 and found 218 deaths out of 71,435,282 patients (3 deaths per 1,000,000 persons) with the mortality rate of 1:327,684. In addition, mortality rate per million has dropped to half (6.2 per 1,000,000 vs. 3 per 1,000,000) since 1955 till the last report in 2012 without any sex predilection. In children, most cases died in the age of two to five years. Hypoxia was the most common cause of death, and cardiovascular, respiratory, and endocrine disorders, hepatic cirrhosis, septicaemia, and bacterial endocarditis were the most frequent underlying systemic disease in deceased patients. Although rare death following general anaesthesia in dentistry, is a critical side effect mostly seen in patients with compromised health condition. Therefore, appropriate case selection in regard with patients' general health status as well as standard technical and equipment conditions are mandatory to diminish the risk of death during dental anaesthesia. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <32> Unique Identifier 28663606 Title Conscious Sedation: Emerging Trends in Pediatric Dentistry. [Review] Source Albang Maqalat Wa Abhat Fi Altahdir Waalinas. 11(2):277-281, 2017 Apr-Jun. VI 1 Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE Authors Attri JP; Sharan R; Makkar V; Gupta KK; Khetarpal R; Kataria AP. Authors Full Name Attri, Joginder Pal; Sharan, Radhe; Makkar, Vega; Gupta, Kewal Krishan; Khetarpal, Ranjana; Kataria, Amar Parkash. Institution Attri, Joginder Pal. Department of Anesthesia, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

Sharan, Radhe. Department of Anesthesia, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India. Makkar, Vega. Department of Anesthesia, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India. Gupta, Kewal Krishan. Department of Anesthesia, GGS Medical College, Faridkot, Punjab, India. Khetarpal, Ranjana. Department of Anesthesia, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India. Kataria, Amar Parkash. Department of Anesthesia, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India. Abstract Dental fear and anxiety is a common problem in pediatric patients. There is considerable variation in techniques used to manage them. Various sedation techniques using many different anesthetic agents have gained considerable popularity over the past few years. Children are not little adults; they differ physically, psychologically, and emotionally. The purpose of this review is to survey recent trends and concerning issues in the rapidly changing field of pediatric sedation. We will study the topic from the perspective of an anesthesiologist. It will also provide information to practitioners on the practice of conscious sedation in dentistry and will also outline the route of administration, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of various drugs used. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <33> Unique Identifier 29509518 Title Volume of Anesthetic Agents and IANB Success: A Systematic Review. [Review] Source Anesthesia Progress. 65(1):16-23, Spring 2018. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Milani AS; Froughreyhani M; Rahimi S; Zand V; Jafarabadi MA. Authors Full Name Milani, Amin Salem; Froughreyhani, Mohammad; Rahimi, Saeed; Zand, Vahid; Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asghari. Institution Milani, Amin Salem. Assistant Professor, Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Froughreyhani, Mohammad. Associate Professor, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Rahimi, Saeed. Professor of Endodontics, Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Zand, Vahid. Associate Professor, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asghari. Associate Professor of Biostatistics, Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract The aim of this study was to provide an evidence-based answer to the question: "Is 3.6-mL volume of an anesthetic agent more effective than 1.8-mL volume in providing anesthesia for mandibular molars?" Following formulation of research question and keyword selection, a comprehensive search of the following databases was conducted: Cochrane library, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and Clinicaltrials.gov. Three-phase eligibility appraisal and quality assessment of the studies were carried out by 2 independent reviewers. To reduce clinical heterogeneity, the included studies were divided into 2 groups: studies on healthy teeth and studies on teeth with pulpitis. The data of included studies were statistically combined through meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model. A total of 20,778 records were initially retrieved from the search. Following screening and eligibility assessment, 8 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included for qualitative synthesis. Of those, 5 studies were qualified for meta-analysis. In the irreversible pulpitis group, increasing the volume of anesthetic agent from 1.8 to 3.6 mL significantly increased the success rate of inferior alveolar nerve block (risk ratio = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.67-3.59, p < .001). However, there was insufficient evidence to draw a conclusion regarding healthy teeth. Publication Type Journal Article. Meta-Analysis. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <34> Unique Identifier 30275140 Title Preclinical Local Anesthesia Education in Dental Schools: A Systematic Review. [Review] Source Journal of Dental Education. 82(10):1059-1064, 2018 Oct. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Kary AL; Gomez J; Raffaelli SD; Levine MH. Authors Full Name

Kary, Andrew L; Gomez, Juliana; Raffaelli, Samuel D; Levine, Marci H. Institution Kary, Andrew L. Andrew L. Kary, BS, is a dental student, New York University College of Dentistry; Juliana Gomez, BA, is a dental student, New York University College of Dentistry; Samuel D. Raffaelli, BS, is a dental student, New York University College of Dentistry; and Marci H. Levine, DDS, MD, is Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry. [email protected]. Gomez, Juliana. Andrew L. Kary, BS, is a dental student, New York University College of Dentistry; Juliana Gomez, BA, is a dental student, New York University College of Dentistry; Samuel D. Raffaelli, BS, is a dental student, New York University College of Dentistry; and Marci H. Levine, DDS, MD, is Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry. Raffaelli, Samuel D. Andrew L. Kary, BS, is a dental student, New York University College of Dentistry; Juliana Gomez, BA, is a dental student, New York University College of Dentistry; Samuel D. Raffaelli, BS, is a dental student, New York University College of Dentistry; and Marci H. Levine, DDS, MD, is Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry. Levine, Marci H. Andrew L. Kary, BS, is a dental student, New York University College of Dentistry; Juliana Gomez, BA, is a dental student, New York University College of Dentistry; Samuel D. Raffaelli, BS, is a dental student, New York University College of Dentistry; and Marci H. Levine, DDS, MD, is Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY UP TO 2011, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the published literature on current educational techniques used to teach local anesthesia administration in U.S. dental schools to determine the methods by which potential complications may be minimized and efficacy maximized. A PubMed search was performed in June 2017 on the following terms: (local anesthesia, education, dental) AND (Humans[Mesh]). Out of 136 articles identified, 13 met the study criteria and were included for review. Of those, the nine with outcome measures were included in the qualitative synthesis. With a quality assessment tool designed for this study, the quality of each included article was assessed independently by three of the authors. Three main pedagogies were identified: didactic instruction based on textbooks and lectures, student-to-student injections, and use of anatomic models. However, the effects of these pedagogies on local anesthesia administration efficacy, patient satisfaction, and student confidence in administering local anesthesia were largely not assessed in these studies. Quality assessment of the reviewed articles yielded a mean score of 62% (range 44-83%) for the observational studies and a mean score of 56% (range 47-63%) for the interventional studies. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies assessed, no meta-analysis could be performed. While the experimental and observational studies reviewed provided some insight into the efficacy of current educational techniques, they had numerous methodological inconsistencies. The inconsistency of the available evidence made it difficult to make fully informed curriculum recommendations based on the existing literature. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <35> Unique Identifier 29179370 Title Use of Anesthesia Providers in the Administration of Office-based Deep Sedation/General Anesthesia to the Pediatric Dental Patient. Source Pediatric Dentistry. 39(6):308-311, 2017 Sep 15. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Anonymous. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Publication Type Journal Article. Practice Guideline. Year of Publication 2017 <36> Unique Identifier 28190451 Title Successful pulpal anesthesia for symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. [Review] Source Journal of the American Dental Association. 148(4):267-271, 2017 04. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Drum M; Reader A; Nusstein J; Fowler S. Authors Full Name

Drum, Melissa; Reader, Al; Nusstein, John; Fowler, Sara. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, BDA MEMBERS CAN ALSO ACCESS THIS JOURNAL ONLINE FROM 1995 TO DATE. Go to www.bda.org/ejournals Abstract BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW: Profound pulpal anesthesia after a successful inferior alveolar nerve block can be difficult to achieve when the clinical condition is a pulpal diagnosis of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. The authors reviewed the literature as it relates to the anesthesia necessary for endodontic therapy of patients with painful, vital, mandibular teeth diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. CONCLUSIONS: Supplemental anesthetic techniques and medications are available that can be used to improve pulpal anesthesia for patients with the clinical condition of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The authors identified treatment recommendations for anesthesia in the case of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis based on a review of the available evidence. Copyright © 2017 American Dental Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <37> Unique Identifier 29990391 Title Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia. [Review] Source Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 7:CD006487, 2018 07 10. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors St George G; Morgan A; Meechan J; Moles DR; Needleman I; Ng YL; Petrie A. Authors Full Name St George, Geoffrey; Morgan, Alyn; Meechan, John; Moles, David R; Needleman, Ian; Ng, Yuan-Ling; Petrie, Aviva. Institution St George, Geoffrey. Endodontics Unit, Eastman Dental Hospital, 256 Grays Inn Road, London, UK, WC1X 8LD. Abstract BACKGROUND: Pain during dental treatment, which is a common fear of patients, can be controlled successfully by local anaesthetic. Several different local anaesthetic formulations and techniques are available to dentists. OBJECTIVES: Our primary objectives were to compare the success of anaesthesia, the speed of onset and duration of anaesthesia, and systemic and local adverse effects amongst different local anaesthetic formulations for dental anaesthesia. We define success of anaesthesia as absence of pain during a dental procedure, or a negative response to electric pulp testing or other simulated scenario tests. We define dental anaesthesia as anaesthesia given at the time of any dental intervention.Our secondary objective was to report on patients' experience of the procedures carried out. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; the Cochrane Library; 2018, Issue 1), MEDLINE (OVID SP), Embase, CINAHL PLUS, WEB OF SCIENCE, and other resources up to 31 January 2018. Other resources included trial registries, handsearched journals, conference proceedings, bibliographies/reference lists, and unpublished research. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing different formulations of local anaesthetic used for clinical procedures or simulated scenarios. Studies could apply a parallel or cross-over design. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard Cochrane methodological approaches for data collection and analysis. MAIN RESULTS: We included 123 studies (19,223 participants) in the review. We pooled data from 68 studies (6615 participants) for meta-analysis, yielding 23 comparisons of local anaesthetic and 57 outcomes with 14 different formulations. Only 10 outcomes from eight comparisons involved clinical testing.We assessed the included studies as having low risk of bias in most domains. Seventy-three studies had at least one domain with unclear risk of bias. Fifteen studies had at least one domain with high risk of bias due to inadequate sequence generation, allocation concealment, masking of local anaesthetic cartridges for administrators or outcome assessors, or participant dropout or exclusion.We reported results for the eight most important comparisons.Success of anaesthesiaWhen the success of anaesthesia in posterior teeth with irreversible pulpitis requiring root canal treatment is tested, 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine, may be superior to 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (31% with 2% lidocaine vs 49% with 4% articaine; risk ratio (RR) 1.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10 to 2.32; 4 parallel studies; 203 participants; low-quality evidence).When the success of anaesthesia for teeth/dental tissues requiring surgical procedures and surgical procedures/periodontal treatment, respectively, was tested, 3% prilocaine, 0.03 IU felypressin (66% with 3% prilocaine vs 76% with 2% lidocaine; RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.95; 2 parallel studies; 907 participants; moderate-quality evidence), and 4% prilocaine plain (71% with 4% prilocaine vs 83% with 2% lidocaine; RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.99; 2 parallel studies; 228 participants; low-quality evidence) were inferior to 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine.Comparative effects of 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine and 4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine on success of anaesthesia for teeth/dental tissues requiring surgical procedures are uncertain (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.02; 3 parallel studies; 930 participants; very low-quality evidence).Comparative effects of 0.5% bupivacaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine and both 4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine (odds

ratio (OR) 0.87, 95% CI 0.27 to 2.83; 2 cross-over studies; 37 participants; low-quality evidence) and 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.07 to 5.12; 2 cross-over studies; 31 participants; low-quality evidence) on success of anaesthesia for teeth requiring extraction are uncertain.Comparative effects of 2% mepivacaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine and both 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (OR 3.82, 95% CI 0.61 to 23.82; 1 parallel and 1 cross-over study; 110 participants; low-quality evidence) and 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.25 to 5.45; 2 parallel studies; 68 participants; low-quality evidence) on success of anaesthesia for teeth requiring extraction and teeth with irreversible pulpitis requiring endodontic access and instrumentation, respectively, are uncertain.For remaining outcomes, assessing success of dental local anaesthesia via meta-analyses was not possible.Onset and duration of anaesthesiaFor comparisons assessing onset and duration, no clinical studies met our outcome definitions.Adverse effects (continuous pain measured on 170-mm Heft-Parker visual analogue scale (VAS))Differences in post-injection pain between 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine and 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine are small, as measured on a VAS (mean difference (MD) 4.74 mm, 95% CI -1.98 to 11.46 mm; 3 cross-over studies; 314 interventions; moderate-quality evidence). Lidocaine probably resulted in slightly less post-injection pain than articaine (MD 6.41 mm, 95% CI 1.01 to 11.80 mm; 3 cross-over studies; 309 interventions; moderate-quality evidence) on the same VAS.For remaining comparisons assessing local and systemic adverse effects, meta-analyses were not possible. Other adverse effects were rare and minor.Patients' experiencePatients' experience of procedures was not assessed owing to lack of data. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: For success (absence of pain), low-quality evidence suggests that 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine was superior to 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine for root treating of posterior teeth with irreversible pulpitis, and 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine was superior to 4% prilocaine plain when surgical procedures/periodontal treatment was provided. Moderate-quality evidence shows that 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine was superior to 3% prilocaine, 0.03 IU felypressin when surgical procedures were performed.Adverse events were rare. Moderate-quality evidence shows no difference in pain on injection when 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine and 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine were compared, although lidocaine resulted in slightly less pain following injection.Many outcomes tested our primary objectives in simulated scenarios, although clinical alternatives may not be possible.Further studies are needed to increase the strength of the evidence. These studies should be clearly reported, have low risk of bias with adequate sample size, and provide data in a format that will allow meta-analysis. Once assessed, results of the 34 'Studies awaiting classification (full text unavailable)' may alter the conclusions of the review. Publication Type Journal Article. Meta-Analysis. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <38> Unique Identifier 29432502 Title Comparison of the effect of intravenous anesthetics used for anesthesia during electroconvulsive therapy on the hemodynamic safety and the course of ECT. [Review] Source Psychiatria Polska. 51(6):1039-1058, 2017 Dec 30. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Wojdacz R; Swiecicki L; Antosik-Wojcinska A. Authors Full Name Wojdacz, Rafal; Swiecicki, Lukasz; Antosik-Wojcinska, Anna. Institution Wojdacz, Rafal. Instytut Psychiatrii i Neurologii w Warszawie. Swiecicki, Lukasz. II Klinika Psychiatryczna, Instytut Psychiatrii i Neurologii w Warszawie. Antosik-Wojcinska, Anna. II Klinika Psychiatryczna, Instytut Psychiatrii i Neurologii w Warszawie. Abstract Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the treatment method widely used in psychiatric disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The advantage of ECT is therapeutic response that occurs significantly earlier than during pharmacotherapy. Initially ECTwas used without anesthesia. Then, in the 1950s procedures with general anesthesia were introduced to reduce the complications that may occur during a seizure caused by ECT, such as broken bones, teeth, tendon rupture, muscle damage. Currently, in general anesthesia for ECTseveral medications are used interchangeably: thiopental, propofol, etomidate and ketamine. In different resorts and different countries different anestethics are used, the choice is determined mainly by the experience of each resort and a kind of tradition. The authors provide an overview of objective data showing how various anesthetics affect the quality of ECT and the presence of any hemodynamic complications after ETC. Selection of articles included in this paper was made by searching Medline and PubMed databases using specific keywords: electroconvulsive therapy, general anesthesia, the risks and benefits of thiopental, ketamine, propofol and etomidate. The results of this review are inconclusive when it comes to the effect of intravenous anesthetics on the quality of the ECT treatment and side effects relating to respiratory and cardiovascular system. On this basis it is impossible to determine which of intravenous anesthetics is most advantageous from the point of view of the patient. To develop the optimum scheme of anesthesia for ECT, it is necessary to conduct further, methodologically correct studies. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <39> Unique Identifier 29331966 Title

Effectiveness and safety of oral sedation in adult patients undergoing dental procedures: protocol for a systematic review. [Review] Source BMJ Open. 8(1):e017681, 2018 01 13. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Araujo JO; Motta RHL; Bergamaschi CC; Guimaraes CC; Ramacciato JC; de Andrade NK; Fiqueiro MF; Lopes LC. Author NameID Motta, Rogerio Heladio Lopes; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6983-7883 Lopes, Luciane Cruz; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3684-3275 Authors Full Name Araujo, Jimmy de Oliveira; Motta, Rogerio Heladio Lopes; Bergamaschi, Cristiane de Cassia; Guimaraes, Caio Chaves; Ramacciato, Juliana Cama; de Andrade, Natalia Karol; Fiqueiro, Mabel Fernandes; Lopes, Luciane Cruz. Institution Araujo, Jimmy de Oliveira. Department of Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental School and Research Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Motta, Rogerio Heladio Lopes. Department of Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental School and Research Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Bergamaschi, Cristiane de Cassia. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Guimaraes, Caio Chaves. Department of Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental School and Research Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Ramacciato, Juliana Cama. Department of Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental School and Research Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. de Andrade, Natalia Karol. Department of Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental School and Research Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fiqueiro, Mabel Fernandes. Librarian's Research Institute, Hospital do Coracao, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Lopes, Luciane Cruz. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Abstract INTRODUCTION: The management of anxious patients undergoing dental procedures is still a challenge in clinical practice. Despite a wide variety of drugs for oral sedation in adult patients, there are relatively few systematic reviews that compare the effectiveness and safety of different drugs administered via this route. Thus, this study will evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral sedation with benzodiazepines and other agents to patients undergoing dental surgical procedures. METHOD/DESIGN: We will conduct a systematic review and, if appropriate, a meta-analysis of randomised controlled clinical trials that will evaluate the use of conscious sedation administered orally to adult patients undergoing oral surgery. The search will be conducted using electronic databases, such as the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (via Ovid), EMBASE (via Ovid), CINAHL (via Ovid), Lilacs (SciELO) and Capes database, without restriction of languages or date of publication. Primary outcomes include anxiety, sedation, treatment satisfaction, pain and adverse effects. Secondary outcomes include vital parameters (heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure) and patient cooperation during intervention. A team of reviewers will independently assess each citation for eligibility and in duplicates. For eligible studies, the same reviewers will perform data extraction, risk of bias assessment and determination of the overall quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation classification system. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The evidence gathered from this study should provide dental surgeons with knowledge on the effectiveness and safety of oral sedation in adults requiring dental surgical procedures. This in turn should contribute towards the decision-making process in dental practice, minimising the risks of anxiety and ineffective pain control in clinical procedures, as well as possible side effects. Ethics approval is not required in protocols for systematic reviews. The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42017057142. Copyright © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. Publication Type Comparative Study. Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2018 <40> Unique Identifier 29179369 Title Monitoring and Management of Pediatric Patients Before, During, and After Sedation for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: Update 2016. Source Pediatric Dentistry. 39(6):278-307, 2017 Sep 15. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Anonymous. Local Messages

THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract The safe sedation of children for procedures requires a systematic approach that includes the following: no administration of sedating medication without the safety net of medical/dental supervision, careful presedation evaluation for underlying medical or surgical conditions that would place the child at increased risk from sedating medications, appropriate fasting for elective procedures and a balance between the depth of sedation and risk for those who are unable to fast because of the urgent nature of the procedure, a focused airway examination for large (kissing) tonsils or anatomic airway abnormalities that might increase thepotential for airway obstruction, a clear understanding of the medication's pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects and drug interactions, appropriate training and skills in airway management to allow rescue of the patient, age- and size-appropriate equipment for airway management and venous access, appropriate medications and reversal agents, sufficient numbers of staff to both carry out the procedure and monitor the patient, appropriate physiologic monitoring during and after the procedure, a properly equipped and staffed recovery area, recovery to the presedation level of consciousness before discharge from medical/dental supervision, and appropriate discharge instructions. This report was developed through a collaborative effort of the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry to offer pediatric providers updated information and guidance in delivering safe sedation to children. Publication Type Journal Article. Practice Guideline. Year of Publication 2017 <41> Unique Identifier 29200376 Title Anesthetic Considerations for Patients on Antidepressant Therapy-Part I. [Review] Source Anesthesia Progress. 64(4):253-261, 2017. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Saraghi M; Golden LR; Hersh EV. Authors Full Name Saraghi, Mana; Golden, Leonard R; Hersh, Elliot V. Institution Saraghi, Mana. Director, Dental Anesthesiology Residency Program, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, New York. Golden, Leonard R. Chairman, Department of Anesthesiology, Jacobi Medical Center Bronx, New York. Hersh, Elliot V. Professor, Pharmacology Director, Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract Millions of patients take antidepressant medications in the United States for the treatment of depression or anxiety disorders. Some antidepressants are prescribed off-label to treat problems such as chronic pain, low energy, and menstrual symptoms. Antidepressants are a broad and expansive group of medications, but the more common drug classes include tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. A miscellaneous or "atypical" category covers other agents. Some herbal supplements that claim to have antidepressant activity will also be discussed. In Part I of this review, antidepressant pharmacology, adverse effects, and drug interactions with adrenergic agonists will be discussed. In part II, drug interactions with sedation and general anesthetics will be reviewed. Bleeding effects and serotonin syndrome implications in anesthetic practice will also be highlighted. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <42> Unique Identifier 29170283 Title Local anaesthetics combined with vasoconstrictors in patients with cardiovascular disease undergoing dental procedures: systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. [Review] Source BMJ Open. 7(11):e014611, 2017 Nov 22. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Guimaraes CC; Lopes Motta RH; Bergamaschi CC; Araujo JO; Andrade NK; Figueiro MF; Ramacciato JC; Lopes LC. Authors Full Name Guimaraes, Caio Chaves; Lopes Motta, Rogerio Heladio; Bergamaschi, Cristiane de Cassia; Araujo, Jimmy de Oliveira; Andrade, Natalia Karol de; Figueiro, Mabel Fernandes; Ramacciato, Juliana Cama; Lopes, Luciane Cruz. Institution

Guimaraes, Caio Chaves. Department of Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental School and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil. Lopes Motta, Rogerio Heladio. Department of Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental School and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil. Bergamaschi, Cristiane de Cassia. Pharmaceutical Science, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil. Araujo, Jimmy de Oliveira. Department of Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental School and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil. Andrade, Natalia Karol de. Department of Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental School and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil. Figueiro, Mabel Fernandes. Research Institute, Heart Hospital, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Ramacciato, Juliana Cama. Department of Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental School and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil. Lopes, Luciane Cruz. Pharmaceutical Science, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil. Lopes, Luciane Cruz. Pharmaceutical Sciences Course, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Araraquara, Brazil. Abstract INTRODUCTION: The use of vasoconstrictors combined with local anaesthetics (LAs) in dentistry for patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still controversial in the scientific literature. It raises concerns regarding the possibility of transient episodes, triggering negative cardiovascular outcomes. METHOD/DESIGN: Trials eligible for our systematic review will enrol patients with CVD who have undergone dental treatments carried out with the use of LAs by comparing two arms: LAs with vasoconstrictors and LAs without vasoconstrictors. The research will be conducted in the electronic databases, namely Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, Healthstar (via Ovid), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Web of Science, from their inception to December 2017, without any restrictions in terms of language and status of publication. A team of reviewers will independently assess titles, abstracts and complete text to determine eligibility. For eligible studies, the same reviewers will perform data extraction and evaluate the risk of bias in the selected articles. The selected outcomes comprise death, mortality by a specific cause, stroke, acute myocardial infarction, hospitalisation, pain, bleeding, arrhythmias, ischaemic episodes, anxiety, adverse effects, changes in blood pressure, changes in heart rate, anxiety and results obtained via oximetry. Whenever possible, we will conduct a meta-analysis to establish the effects of LAs with and without vasoconstrictors in the patients with CVD, and the overall quality of evidence for each outcome will be determined using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation classification system. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics committee approval was not necessary because this is a protocol of systematic review. This systematic review will be submitted for presentation at conferences and for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Our review will assess the risks of cardiovascular events when using LAs with and without vasoconstrictors in patients with CVD, focusing on important clinical outcomes. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42016045421. Copyright © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. Publication Type Journal Article. Meta-Analysis. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <43> Unique Identifier 28987231 Title Controversies in Anesthesia for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. [Review] Source Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America. 29(4):515-523, 2017 Nov. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors King BJ; Levine A. Authors Full Name King, Brett J; Levine, Adam. Institution King, Brett J. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and General Surgery, LSU Health New Orleans, University Medical Center-New Orleans, Children's Hospital of New Orleans, Touro Infirmary, 1100 Florida Avenue, Box 220, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA. Electronic address: [email protected]. Levine, Adam. Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Mount Sinai Health System, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Mount Sinai Health System, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, BDA MEMBERS CAN ALSO ACCESS THIS JOURNAL ONLINE FROM 2002 TO DATE. Go to www.bda.org/ejournals Abstract The future of office-based anesthesia for oral and maxillofacial surgery is at risk. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons have been on the forefront of providing safe and effective outpatient anesthesia for decades. Recent changes in Medicare policies have had, and

will continue to have, a significant effect on the training of oral and maxillofacial surgery residents regarding anesthesia. The outcome of these changes can have a major effect on the specialty of oral and maxillofacial surgery and a cornerstone of the profession. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <44> Unique Identifier 28604098 Title Nitrous Oxide and Midazolam Sedation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. [Review] Source Anesthesia Progress. 64(2):59-65, 2017. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Sivaramakrishnan G; Sridharan K. Authors Full Name Sivaramakrishnan, Gowri; Sridharan, Kannan. Institution Sivaramakrishnan, Gowri. Assistant Professor in Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Health, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract Nitrous oxide and midazolam have been used as sedative agents to decrease fear and anxiety associated with dental procedures. Although these agents have been widely used individually, the combination of the two is also commonly used. Four clinical trials were identified that compared the combination technique with the individual use of the drugs. The standardized mean difference (SMD) for each outcome measure was considered for final analysis. Three studies with 534 participants were included in the final meta-analysis, and the SMD [95% CI] was obtained as -0.15 [-0.32, 0.03] and was not statistically significant for cooperation scores. Two studies reported the dose of midazolam required for inducing sedation in 450 participants, and the pooled estimate of SMD [95% CI] was obtained as -0.29 [-0.48, -0.10] and was significant. Two studies with 450 participants reported the time taken to recover from sedation, and the pooled estimate of SMD [95% CI] was obtained as -0.20 [-0.39, -0.01] and favored the combination technique. To conclude, the combination technique combines the pros and cons of both drugs in causing fewer adverse effects due to midazolam by reducing the total dose and also helps to provide better acceptance of nitrous oxide inhalation. Publication Type Journal Article. Meta-Analysis. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <45> Unique Identifier 28604096 Title Hepatitis: Sedation and Anesthesia Implications. [Review] Source Anesthesia Progress. 64(2):106-118, Summer 2017. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Chen G; Cheung R; Tom JW. Authors Full Name Chen, Gina; Cheung, Ryan; Tom, James W. Institution Chen, Gina. Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, New York. Cheung, Ryan. Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, New York. Tom, James W. Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <46> Unique Identifier

29235878 Title Literature Review for Office-Based Anesthesia. Source Anesthesia Progress. 64(4):262-264, 2017. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Saxen MA. Authors Full Name Saxen, Mark A. Institution Saxen, Mark A. Indiana Office-Based Anesthesia, Indianapolis, Indiana. Comments Comment on: Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2017 Jul;34(7):432-440; PMID: 28009638 Comment on: Anesth Analg. 2017 Oct;125(4):1192-1199; PMID: 28338490 Comment on: Anesth Analg. 2017 Oct;125(4):1240-1245; PMID: 28368938 Comment on: Anesthesiology. 2017 Sep;127(3):432-440; PMID: 28650415 Comment on: Anesth Analg. 2017 Sep;125(3):936-942; PMID: 28742772 Comment on: J Clin Anesth. 2017 Aug;40:91-98; PMID: 28625460 Comment on: N Engl J Med. 2017 Sep 21;377(12 ):1168-1176; PMID: 28930512 Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Publication Type Journal Article. Comment. Year of Publication 2017 <47> Unique Identifier 29616542 Title A Review of the use of Flumazenil for the Reversal of Midazolam Conscious Sedation in Dentistry. [Review] Source SAAD Digest. 33:13-7, 2017 Jan. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Folland L; Brown E; Boyle C. Authors Full Name Folland, Laurence; Brown, Emma; Boyle, Carole. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract The practice of midazolam conscious sedation is well established in dentistry. The drug flumazenil is a specific benzodiazepine antagonist and is an essential requirement in settings where midazolam is used. A literature review has been carried out, examining the available information regarding flumazenil's safety, administration, potential complications and the regulatory documentation which governs its use. Flumazenil is a safe drug to use for the reversal of midazolam induced conscious sedation although the evidence surrounding its use is limited. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <48> Unique Identifier 29616540 Title What's new in... Capnography Monitoring for Dental Conscious Sedation: A Clinical Review. [Review] Source SAAD Digest. 33:3-6, 2017 Jan. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Brady PJ; Hayes M; McCreary CE; O'Halloran KD; Giovannitti JA. Authors Full Name Brady, Paul J; Hayes, Martina; McCreary, Christine E; O'Halloran, Ken D; Giovannitti, Joseph A. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf

Abstract Capnography monitoring during conscious sedation is not currently required for dentistry in Britain and Ireland. Other countries have introduced guidelines and standards requiring capnography monitoring for procedural sedation. This review highlights the variability of procedural sedation including the setting, the position on the sedation continuum, and the routine use of supplemental oxygen. Specific research is required for conscious sedation in a dental setting to support standards and guidelines with regard to capnography monitoring. The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges and their Faculties emphasise that each specialty must produce its own guidance for the use of sedative techniques.1 Clinical practice guidelines for the monitoring and safe practice of sedation vary by specialty and institution. Standards are generally set from the best available evidence based research. There is a growing body of literature that recognises the potential additional value of capnography (ETCO2) monitoring during procedural sedation in different settings and for different sedation techniques.2-5 In these studies, capnography reduced the incidence of hypoxaemia during procedural sedation. A meta-analysis published by Waugh et al. (2010) concluded that end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring is an important addition in detecting respiratory depression during procedural sedation.6 A more recent systematic review by Conway et al. (2016) concluded that patients monitored with capnography in addition to standard monitoring had a reduced risk of hypoxaemia compared to those with only standard monitoring.7 However, it has to be noted that both the Waugh and Conway reviews contained substantial statistical heterogenicity which is likely to affect the quality of the evidence. As research evidence for capnography monitoring from the medical settings studied became available, new standards for capnography monitoring were introduced in several countries (Table 1). Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <49> Unique Identifier 27531644 Title Change in children's oral health-related quality of life following dental treatment under general anaesthesia for the management of dental caries: a systematic review. [Review] Source International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry. 27(4):302-312, 2017 Jul. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Knapp R; Gilchrist F; Rodd HD; Marshman Z. Author NameID Knapp, Rebecca; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8899-6548 Authors Full Name Knapp, Rebecca; Gilchrist, Fiona; Rodd, Helen D; Marshman, Zoe. Institution Knapp, Rebecca. Academic Unit of Dental Public Health, School of Clinical Dentistry, Sheffield, UK. Gilchrist, Fiona. Academic Unit of Oral Health and Development, School of Clinical Dentistry, Sheffield, UK. Rodd, Helen D. Academic Unit of Oral Health and Development, School of Clinical Dentistry, Sheffield, UK. Marshman, Zoe. Academic Unit of Dental Public Health, School of Clinical Dentistry, Sheffield, UK. Comments Comment in: Evid Based Dent. 2017 Oct 27;18(3):68-69; PMID: 29075034 Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract BACKGROUND: Dental caries has significant impact on children and their families and may necessitate treatment under general anaesthesia (GA). The use of oral health-related quality-of-life (OHRQoL) measures enables evaluation of dental treatment from a patient's perspective. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to assess change in OHRQoL in children following treatment under GA for the management of dental caries. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted to identify articles which were assessed against inclusion criteria before data extraction. Studies involving children under 16 years, having treatment for dental caries under GA, were considered eligible. Included studies were quality assessed. RESULTS: Twenty studies were included, which demonstrated significant heterogeneity. Most studies employed a pre-test-post-test design. All but one study relied on proxy reports of OHRQoL. Only half the studies used instruments validated in the study population. Whereas all studies reported improved OHRQoL overall, some subscales showed changes which were not significant or worsened OHRQoL. The scientific quality of the studies varied considerably. CONCLUSION: Heterogeneity of included papers limited the conclusions which could be drawn. Treatment under GA appears to result in overall improvements in proxy-reported OHRQoL; however, there is a need for further high-quality studies employing validated, child-reported measures of OHRQoL. Copyright © 2016 BSPD, IAPD and John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017

<50> Unique Identifier 28417891 Title Outpatient Anesthetic Safety Considerations for Obstructive Sleep Apnea. [Review] Source Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America. 29(2):189-196, 2017 May. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Butterfield KJ. Authors Full Name Butterfield, Kevin J. Institution Butterfield, Kevin J. Division of Dentistry/Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa School of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: [email protected]. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, BDA MEMBERS CAN ALSO ACCESS THIS JOURNAL ONLINE FROM 2002 TO DATE. Go to www.bda.org/ejournals Abstract Most patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are not diagnosed preoperatively. The STOP-Bang questionnaire may identify patients at risk of OSA, especially those with severe OSA. Patients with mild to moderate OSA, with optimized comorbidities, can usually safely undergo outpatient surgery. Patients with severe OSA, who are not optimized medically, should avoid outpatient surgery. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <51> Unique Identifier 28279584 Title Simulation Training for the Office-Based Anesthesia Team. [Review] Source Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America. 29(2):169-178, 2017 May. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Ritt RM; Bennett JD; Todd DW. Authors Full Name Ritt, Richard M; Bennett, Jeffrey D; Todd, David W. Institution Ritt, Richard M. Consultant Dental Simulation Specialists Inc, 22721 Foxtail Drive, Kildeer, IL 60047, USA. Electronic address: [email protected]. Bennett, Jeffrey D. 1481 West 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. Todd, David W. Private Practice, 120 Southwestern Drive, Lakewood, NY 14750, USA. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, BDA MEMBERS CAN ALSO ACCESS THIS JOURNAL ONLINE FROM 2002 TO DATE. Go to www.bda.org/ejournals Abstract An OMS office is a complex environment. Within such an environment, a diverse scope of complex surgical procedures is performed with different levels of anesthesia, ranging from local anesthesia to general anesthesia, on patients with varying comorbidities. Optimal patient outcomes require a functional surgical and anesthetic team, who are familiar with both standard operational principles and emergency recognition and management. Offices with high volume and time pressure add further stress and potential risk to the office environment. Creating and maintaining a functional surgical and anesthetic team that is competent with a culture of patient safety and risk reduction is a significant challenge that requires time, commitment, planning, and dedication. This article focuses on the role of simulation training in office training and preparation. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <52> Unique Identifier 29509515 Title Literature Review for Office-Based Anesthesia.

Source Anesthesia Progress. 65(1):66-68, 2018. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Cohen SL; Mason KP; Saxen MA. Authors Full Name Cohen, Stewart L; Mason, Keira P; Saxen, Mark A. Institution Cohen, Stewart L. Trial Lawyer and Senior Partner Cohen, Placitella & Roth, P.C. 2001 Market Street, Suite 2900 Philadelphia, PA 19103. Mason, Keira P. Associate Professor of Anesthesia Harvard Medical School Boston Children's Hospital Boston, MA. Saxen, Mark A. Indiana Office-Based Anesthesia Indianapolis, IN. Comments Comment on: Anesthesiology. 2018 Jan;128(1):27-37; PMID: 28953501 Comment on: J Clin Anesth. 2017 May;38:33-39; PMID: 28372674 Comment on: Anesthesiology. 2018 Jan;128(1):159-167; PMID: 28902673 Comment on: Paediatr Anaesth. 2017 Dec;27(12):1253-1260; PMID: 29076261 Comment on: Anesthesiology. 2018 Jan;128(1):11-26; PMID: 29116945 Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Publication Type Journal Article. Comment. Year of Publication 2018 <53> Unique Identifier 27837343 Title Effect of preoperative oral analgesics on pulpal anesthesia in patients with irreversible pulpitis-a systematic review and meta-analysis. [Review] Source Clinical Oral Investigations. 21(1):43-52, 2017 Jan. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Shirvani A; Shamszadeh S; Eghbal MJ; Marvasti LA; Asgary S. Authors Full Name Shirvani, Armin; Shamszadeh, Sayna; Eghbal, Mohammad Jafar; Marvasti, Laleh Alim; Asgary, Saeed. Institution Shirvani, Armin. Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. Shamszadeh, Sayna. Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Evin, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran. [email protected]. Eghbal, Mohammad Jafar. Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Evin, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran. Marvasti, Laleh Alim. Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Evin, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran. Asgary, Saeed. Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. Comments Comment in: J Am Dent Assoc. 2017 May;148(5):e47; PMID: 28449751 Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to assess the efficacy of preemptive oral administration of single dose of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and acetaminophen on the local anesthetic success in adults with irreversible pulpitis and to find the possible covariates that could predict treatment effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search using electronic databases up to March 2015 was conducted. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random and fixed-effect inverse variance method. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to assess the potential source of heterogeneity. RESULTS: Results showed that preemptive analgesics are more effective than placebo in increasing anesthetic success (OR = 0.30, CI% 0.24-0.39, p = 0.000) [Q = 55.860 (p = 0.001)]. In the subgroup analysis, administration of NSAIDs as monotherapy, ibuprofen as mono- vs. combination therapy, oxicam type drugs as monotherapy, and acetaminophen as combination therapy were significantly more effective in increasing anesthetic success OR = 0.25, CI% 0.16-0.38, p = 0.00, Q = 40.539 (p = 0.003); OR = 0.44, CI% 0.26-0.75, p = 0.00, Q = 12.833 (p = 0.011); OR = 0.48, CI% 0.30-0.74, p = 0.002, Q = 15.898 (p = 0.14); OR = 0.30, CI% 0.16-0.38, p = 0.001, Q = 7.506 (p = 0.02); OR = 0.10, CI% 0.16 0.38, p = 0.001, Q = 5.075 (p = 0.07), respectively. However, there was no significant difference in increasing anesthetic success between treatment and placebo arms when acetaminophen

was administrated alone. In meta-regression analysis, an association between different types of NSAIDs (indomethacin, diclofenac potassium, and oxicam-type drugs) and articaine with treatment effect was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of preemptive analgesics can induce superior intraoperative analgesia for patients with irreversible pulpitis. However, strategies such as co-administration of certain types of analgesics and anesthetic solution might be predictors of treatment effect. Additionally, there was no association between different timing and dosage of analgesics and treatment effect. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: When compared to placebo, preemptive oral analgesics are superior in achieving anesthetic success in inflamed pulp. Publication Type Journal Article. Meta-Analysis. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <54> Unique Identifier 28858555 Title A Review of Current Literature of Interest to the Office-Based Anesthesiologist. Source Anesthesia Progress. 64(3):188-191, 2017. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Saxen MA; Orr DL 2nd. Authors Full Name Saxen, Mark A; Orr, D L 2nd. Institution Saxen, Mark A. Indiana Office-Based Anesthesia, Indianapolis, Indiana. Orr, D L 2nd. University of Nevada, Las Vegas, School of Dental Medicine, Las Vegas, Nevada. Comments Comment on: J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2017 Mar;75(3):508.e1-508.e7; PMID: 27886977 Comment on: Br J Anaesth. 2017 Mar 1;118(3):335-343; PMID: 28203739 Comment on: Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017 Aug;18(8):741-749; PMID: 28492404 Comment on: Paediatr Anaesth. 2017 Jan;27(1):37-44; PMID: 27734549 Comment on: Anesth Analg. 2017 Apr;124(4):1231-1236; PMID: 28166099 Comment on: Anesth Analg. 2017 May;124(5):1447-1449; PMID: 27984222 Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Publication Type Journal Article. Comment. Year of Publication 2017 <55> Unique Identifier 28604092 Title A Review of Scientific Literature of Interest to Office-Based Anesthesiology Practice. Source Anesthesia Progress. 64(2):119-121, 2017. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Green SA; Saxen MA; Urman RD. Authors Full Name Green, Steven A; Saxen, Mark A; Urman, Richard D. Institution Green, Steven A. Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center and Children's Hospital, Loma Linda, California. Saxen, Mark A. Indiana Office-Based Anesthesia, Indianapolis, Indiana. Urman, Richard D. Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Comments Comment on: Paediatr Anaesth. 2017 Jan;27(1):98-105; PMID: 27779347 Comment on: Br J Anaesth. 2017 Mar 1;118(3):344-354; PMID: 28186265 Comment on: Anesthesiology. 2017 Feb;126(2):214-222; PMID: 27984262 Comment on: Anesth Analg. 2017 Mar;124(3):900-907; PMID: 28079584 Comment on: Anesthesiology. 2017 Feb;126(2):234-248; PMID: 27922839 Comment on: Anesthesiology. 2016 Aug;125(2):295-303; PMID: 27275669 Comment on: Paediatr Anaesth. 2016 Aug;26(8):831-7; PMID: 27247224 Comment on: Anesthesiology. 2017 Mar;126(3):376-393; PMID: 28045707

Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Publication Type Journal Article. Comment. Year of Publication 2017 <56> Unique Identifier 28128657 Title Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Anesthetic Management in the Ambulatory Setting: Part 2: Pharmacology and Guidelines for Perioperative Management. [Review] Source Anesthesia Progress. 64(1):39-44, 2017. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Cornelius BW. Authors Full Name Cornelius, Bryant W. Institution Cornelius, Bryant W. Assistant Professor, Department of Dental Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract Type 2 diabetes is a disease of metabolism in which the afflicted patient cannot properly utilize carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Because the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is rapidly increasing throughout the general population, anesthesia providers must realize that a significant percentage of their patients will present with the disease. Anesthesia providers should have an intimate knowledge of the comorbidities and complications that are associated with type 2 diabetes and know the specific pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drugs used to treat the disease. Part 1 of this series on the anesthetic management of type 2 diabetes in the ambulatory theater addressed the pathology of diabetes and its comorbid disease states. Part 2 of the series now focuses on the pharmacology associated with the many medications used to treat the disorder and the most recent guidelines for blood glucose management recommended for patients in an ambulatory surgery setting. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <57> Unique Identifier 28128656 Title Anesthetic Management of a Child With Unspecified Mitochondrial Disease in an Outpatient Dental Setting. [Review] Source Anesthesia Progress. 64(1):33-38, 2017. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Gordon TR; Montandon RJ. Authors Full Name Gordon, Taylor R; Montandon, Richard J. Institution Gordon, Taylor R. Resident, Department of Dental Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Montandon, Richard J. Assistant Professor, Department of Dental Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, TO REQUEST THIS ARTICLE FROM THE LIBRARY GO TO: https://www.bda.org/library/journals-articles/Documents/photocopy-request-form.pdf Abstract Mitochondrial disease (MD) represents a category of metabolic disorders with a wide range of symptoms across a variety of organ systems. It occurs with an incidence of greater than 1:5000 and can be difficult to specifically diagnose because of the variety of clinical presentations and multiple genomic origins. Although phenotypically variable, MD symptoms often include hypotonia, cardiac defects, dysautonomia, and metabolic dysfunction. Mitochondrial disease presents a unique challenge in terms of anesthetic management, as many anesthetic drugs suppress mitochondrial function. Additional considerations may need to be made in order to evaluate the patient's metabolic compensation prior to surgery. This article presents an in-depth discussion of a case involving a nearly 10-year-old boy with a history of an unspecified form of MD, who presented for endodontic treatment of tooth No. 30 under deep sedation. The article also provides a thorough review of the current literature surrounding the anesthetic management of patients with MD.

Publication Type Case Reports. Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <58> Unique Identifier 28098417 Title Delivery of anesthesia for children with Mucopolysaccharidosis Type III (Sanfilippo syndrome): a review of 86 anesthetics. Source Paediatric Anaesthesia. 27(4):363-369, 2017 Apr. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Cohen MA; Stuart GM. Authors Full Name Cohen, Marc A; Stuart, Grant M. Institution Cohen, Marc A. Department of Anaesthesia, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. Stuart, Grant M. Department of Anaesthesia, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. Stuart, Grant M. Portex Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK. Abstract BACKGROUND: Sanfilippo syndrome (MPS III) is rare, with 97 cases in the United Kingdom between 1988 and 1998. Mucopolysaccharide infiltration of tissues in mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) causes multi-systemic pathology including difficult airways and cardiac disease. Published anesthesia case reviews of Sanfilippo syndrome have included limited numbers of patients to date. AIM: To identify the perioperative management and complications of anesthesia in children with mucopolysaccharidosis Type III at Great Ormond Street Hospital. METHODS: A retrospective case note review of all children with MPS III in our institution was undertaken. All medical notes and anesthetic charts were analyzed, and conduct of anesthesia, airway management, perioperative complications, and associated comorbidities were identified. RESULTS: There were 43 patients with MPS III, of which 34 required anesthesia, on 86 occasions for 156 procedures between 1993 and 2015. Dental extraction was the likeliest indication for anesthesia (34%) (general surgery [30%]; ear, nose, and throat [26%]; other [10%]). Thirteen of 34 patients had cardiac pathology (valvular [n = 6], functional [n = 6], electrophysiological [n = 1]). Ten of 34 patients had evidence of clotting abnormality (mild prolonged clotting time [n = 5], low von Willebrand factor [n = 2], thrombocytopenia [n = 3]). The majority of intubations were Cormack-Lehane Grade 1 (n = 47) (Grade 2 [n = 14], Grade 3 [n = 1], Grade 4 [n = 1]). In 86 anesthetics, there were 0 cases of difficulty with mask ventilation. There was 1 case of failed intubation. They were subsequently anesthetized by a different operator uneventfully at a later date. Two perioperative complications occurred: a failed intubation and bleeding during adenoidectomy. CONCLUSION: We demonstrate a difficult airway is unlikely when anesthetizing an MPS III patient although a risk does remain. A significant proportion of MPS III have cardiac involvement although no perioperative complications were described. With associated coagulation issues, bleeding tendency, while uncommon, can occur in this group. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Publication Type Journal Article. Year of Publication 2017 <59> Unique Identifier 27554455 Title Recent advances and perspectives in topical oral anesthesia. [Review] Source Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery. 14(5):673-684, 2017 May. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Franz-Montan M; Ribeiro LNM; Volpato MC; Cereda CMS; Groppo FC; Tofoli GR; de Araujo DR; Santi P; Padula C; de Paula E. Authors Full Name Franz-Montan, Michelle; Ribeiro, Ligia Nunes de Morais; Volpato, Maria Cristina; Cereda, Cintia Maria Saia; Groppo, Francisco Carlos; Tofoli, Giovana Randomille; de Araujo, Daniele Ribeiro; Santi, Patrizia; Padula, Cristina; de Paula, Eneida. Institution Franz-Montan, Michelle. a Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Piracicaba , Brazil.

Ribeiro, Ligia Nunes de Morais. b Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , Brazil. Volpato, Maria Cristina. a Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Piracicaba , Brazil. Cereda, Cintia Maria Saia. b Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , Brazil. Cereda, Cintia Maria Saia. c Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology , Sao Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center , Campinas , Brazil. Groppo, Francisco Carlos. a Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Piracicaba , Brazil. Tofoli, Giovana Randomille. c Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology , Sao Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center , Campinas , Brazil. de Araujo, Daniele Ribeiro. d Human and Natural Sciences Centre , Federal University of ABC , Sao Paulo , Brazil. Santi, Patrizia. e Department of Pharmacy , University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze , Parma , Italy. Padula, Cristina. e Department of Pharmacy , University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze , Parma , Italy. de Paula, Eneida. b Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , Brazil. Abstract INTRODUCTION: Topical anesthesia is widely used in dentistry to reduce pain caused by needle insertion and injection of the anesthetic. However, successful anesthesia is not always achieved using the formulations that are currently commercially available. As a result, local anesthesia is still one of the procedures that is most feared by dental patients. Drug delivery systems (DDSs) provide ways of improving the efficacy of topical agents. Areas covered: An overview of the structure and permeability of oral mucosa is given, followed by a review of DDSs designed for dental topical anesthesia and their related clinical trials. Chemical approaches to enhance permeation and anesthesia efficacy, or to promote superficial anesthesia, include nanostructured carriers (liposomes, cyclodextrins, polymeric nanoparticle systems, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructured lipid carriers) and different pharmaceutical dosage forms (patches, bio- and mucoadhesive systems, and hydrogels). Physical methods include pre-cooling, vibration, iontophoresis, and microneedle arrays. Expert opinion: The combination of different chemical and physical methods is an attractive option for effective topical anesthesia in oral mucosa. This comprehensive review should provide the readers with the most relevant options currently available to assist pain-free dental anesthesia. The findings should be considered for future clinical trials. Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Year of Publication 2017 <60> Unique Identifier 27542543 Title Effects of Hypotensive Anesthesia on Reducing Intraoperative Blood Loss, Duration of Operation, and Quality of Surgical Field During Orthognathic Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. [Review] Source Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. 75(1):73-86, 2017 Jan. VI 1 Status MEDLINE Authors Lin S; McKenna SJ; Yao CF; Chen YR; Chen C. Authors Full Name Lin, Susie; McKenna, Samuel J; Yao, Chuan-Fong; Chen, Yu-Ray; Chen, Chit. Institution Lin, Susie. Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Former Craniofacial Fellow, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Electronic address: [email protected]. McKenna, Samuel J. Professor and Chairman, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN. Yao, Chuan-Fong. Attending Surgeon, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Chen, Yu-Ray. Professor, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Chen, Chit. Attending Anesthesiologist, Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Local Messages THIS JOURNAL IS AVAILABLE IN THE BDA LIBRARY, BDA MEMBERS CAN ALSO ACCESS THIS JOURNAL ONLINE FROM 2011 TO DATE. Go to www.bda.org/ejournals Abstract PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of hypotensive anesthesia in reducing intraoperative blood loss, decreasing operation time, and improving the quality of the surgical field during orthognathic surgery. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials addressing these issues were carried out. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An electronic database search was performed. The risk of bias was evaluated with the Jadad Scale and Delphi List. The inverse variance statistical method and a random-effects model were used. RESULTS: Ten randomized controlled trials were included for analysis. Our meta-analysis indicated that hypotensive anesthesia reduced intraoperative blood loss by a mean of about 169 mL. Hypotensive anesthesia was not shown to reduce the operation



time for orthognathic surgery, but it did improve the quality of the surgical field. Subgroup analysis indicated that for blood loss in double-jaw surgery, the weighted mean difference favored the hypotensive group, with a reduction in blood loss of 175 mL, but no statistically significant reduction in blood loss was found for anterior maxillary osteotomy. If local anesthesia with epinephrine was used in conjunction with hypotensive anesthesia, the reduction in intraoperative blood loss was increased to 254.93 mL. CONCLUSIONS: Hypotensive anesthesia was effective in reducing blood loss and improving the quality of the surgical field, but it did not reduce the operation time for orthognathic surgery. The use of local anesthesia in conjunction with hypotensive general anesthesia further reduced the amount of intraoperative blood loss for orthognathic surgery. Copyright © 2016 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Publication Type Journal Article. Meta-Analysis. Review. Year of Publication 2017

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