BCOR 1020 Business Statistics Lecture 10 – February 19, 2008.
BCOR 11 – Exploring Biology Lecture 1 08/29/05 Introduction BCOR 11 – Exploring Biology Lecture...
-
Upload
veronica-owen -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
3
Transcript of BCOR 11 – Exploring Biology Lecture 1 08/29/05 Introduction BCOR 11 – Exploring Biology Lecture...
BCOR 11 – Exploring Biology
Lecture 1 08/29/05
Introduction
BCOR 11 – Exploring Biology
Lecture 1 08/29/05
Introduction
Dr. Mike VaydaDr. Don Stratton
TODAY’S TOPICS
Course Operations
Principles of Living Things
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
The Basis for Scientific DiscoveryHypothesis testing through data collection
Course Fundamentals
Scope and Purpose:Cellular Biology ModuleMolecules, Cell Physiology, Molecular Genetics
Course Homepage:www.uvm.edu/~biology/classes/011/
Text: Biology, 7th Edition by Campbell and Reece
Lecture Schedule, Assigned Readings:www.uvm.edu/~biology/classes/011/?page=lecsched.html
Exams:Sept 23, Oct 19, Nov 14Final Exam week of Dec 10
Take best 2 out of 3
REQUIRED
No make up exams
Exam Format: multiple, multiple choicecan have 1 or more correct answers
Must come to our sectionsB or D
REVIEW SESSION before each exam
4. The molecule pictured at right :a. Is an amino acidb. Contains a chiral carbon c. Is a nucleic acid monomerd. Is soluble in watere. Is the left handed form of a stereoisomer paird. Is a building block of proteinse. Is alaninef. Is glutamic acidg. Is glucoseh. Has a polar R-groupj. Was downloaded from Howard Dean’s Web Site
1. Water can spontaneously dissociate to form:a. Two political partiesb. H+ and OH- speciesc. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic speciesd. Na+ and Cl- speciese. Chiral (handed) carbonsf. Membrane-bound organellesg. Ionsh. Hydrogen bonds to nonpolar functional groupsj. Democratic presidential candidates
k. dipoles
STRATEGIES FOR SUCCESS
Come to ClassTake notes, ask questions, review frequentlyRead the Book!
Office Hours: Vayda - call 6-0555 or [email protected] – call 6-9371 or [email protected]
Study with friends, classmates
Tutoring available from Living and Learning6-4075 (Dave DiElsi)
Lecture and Lab
Concepts vs. Techniques
MoleculesWaterMacromoleculesCell StructuresEnergeticsCellular BiochemistryCell DivisionMolecular Genetics
MicroscopyImmunocytochemistryBacterial transformationProtein isolation and
characterizationDNA isolation and
characterization
Lectures NOT coupled to Labs
GRADING
200 pts – hour exams200 pts – final exam200 pts – Laboratory 100 pts – Assignments (through Lab)700 pts TOTAL
Academic Honesty- exams- lab write ups
Chapter 1 Readings Topics
Properties of Living ThingsTypes of Cells
Emergent PropertiesReductionism, Systems Biology
Feedback
Taxonomy
Evolution
Hypothesis Driven Science
Figure 1.2
(c) Response to the environment
(a) Order
(d) Regulation
(g) Reproduction (f) Growth and development
(b) Evolutionary adaptation
(e) Energy processing
We recognize life by what organisms do:
Create order
RegulateTheirDomain
Control energy flow
ProduceOffspring
grow
respond
Adapt throughNatural Selection
Biosphere
Ecosystem
Community
Population
Species
Individual Multicellular Organism
System
Organ
Tissue
CELL
CELL
Sub-cellular Organelles
Sub-cellular Complexes
Macromolecules
Monomeric molecules
Atoms
Subatomic Particles-protons-neutrons-electrons
4. Build COMPLEX STRUCTURES from simple structuresmonomers polymers
Fundamental Life ProcessesFundamental Life Processes
1. The CELLCELL is the basic unit of life
2. All cells come from pre-existing cells
3. Cells Delineate INSIDE from OUTSIDE OUTSIDE compartmentscontrol the microenvironment - MEMBRANES
5. Life Requires ENERGY INPUTENERGY INPUT, because of 3 & 4, because of 3 & 4going uphillgoing uphill
6. ORGANIZATION (SPATIAL INFORMATION)heredity, cell organization, self-assembly – informational surfaces
Concentrate things against gradients
Create ORDER and COMPLEXITY
Chapter 1 Readings Topics
Properties of Living ThingsTypes of Cells
Emergent PropertiesReductionism, Systems Biology
Feedback
Taxonomy
Evolution
Hypothesis Driven Science
Two Broad Two Broad Classes of CellsClasses of Cells
ProProkaryoteskaryotes EuEukaryoteskaryotesPro = before Eu = true
karyon = nucleus
DO NOT HAVEA NUCLEUS
NO internal membranes
HAVEA NUCLEUS
membrane-bound organelles
bacteria, cyanobacteria archaebacteria
plantsAnimals
fungi
Relative SizesRelative Sizes
“Typical” ~ 1-2 M Bacterium
“Typical” ~ 5 to 20 M diameter Animal Cell
“Typical” ~ 5 to 50 M diameter Plant Cell
M = micrometer or micron =10-6 meter
Milli micronano
Tissues
Cells Organelles MacromolecularComplexes
Proteins MacromoleculesMolecules/Atoms
Species Genus Family Order Class Phylum Kingdom Domain
Mammalia
Ursusameri-canus(Americanblack bear)
Ursus
Ursidae
Carnivora
Chordata
Animalia
EukaryaFigure 1.14
• Classifying lifeTAXONOMY – grouping of organisms with similar
characteristics
Unity in the Diversity of Life• As diverse as life is
– There is also evidence of remarkable unity
Cilia of Paramecium.The cilia of Parameciumpropel the cell throughpond water.
Cross section of cilium, as viewedwith an electron microscope
15 µm
1.0 µm
5 µm
Cilia of windpipe cells. The cells that line the human windpipe are equipped with cilia that help keep the lungs clean by moving a film of debris-trapping mucus upward.Figure 1.16
Genetic MechanismsBiochemistryCellular Components,
organization, function
The SCIENTIFIC METHOD
1. FORMULATE a reasonable hypothesis to Explain an observation
2. TEST the hypothesis with a Controlled, Reproducible Experiment
3. ASSESS results of the experiment
4. Draw CONCLUSION of “How Things Work”
- then test that
“[scientific truth] is not a citadel of certainty to be defended against error; it is a shady spot where one eats lunch before tramping on” L. White, 1968
Observations
Questions
Hypothesis # 1:Dead batteries
Hypothesis # 2:Burnt-out bulb
Prediction:Replacing batterieswill fix problem
Prediction:Replacing bulbwill fix problem
Test prediction
Test does not falsify hypothesis
Test prediction
Test falsifies hypothesisFigure 1.25
prior to the 17th Century
Life was considered “super-natural”beyond the Laws of Nature
SPONTANEOUS GENERATIONliving things arise de novo = “from nothing”
Wet hay gives rise to micemosquitoes come from swamps, ponds, puddles
decaying corpses turn into maggots
Francesco Redi’s experiment:
Control Experimental
Control Experimental
Start
1 week later
Conclusion: Maggots come from flies, not from the decaying meat