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1
2010 12 15
( ) , ( , PWRI) Andrew JOHNSON
(Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, CEH)
22
•
2005 2009 •
• Roach
EDC
2
0 per cent
1–20 per cent
21–40 per cent
41–60 per cent
61–80 per cent
81–100 per cent
Jobling et al., 2006)
3
17�-estradiol (E2)
Estrone (E1)
OH
OH
O
OH
Ethynylestradiol EE2)
OH
OH
ng/L 4
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
England Japan
N or
m al
is ed
e xc
re tio
n E
2 eq
ui v
ug /h
ea d/
d
2% ( , 2001)
%
E2 (Johnson et al., 2006
0.6 %
?
? ? ?
6
1) 2) 3)
UK-J Phase 2 CORE 1 (2005 to 2009)
Estradiol (E2) Estriol (E3) Estrone(E1)
( or
Ethynyl estradiol (EE2)
O
C ONa
OH
HO OH
O OH
SO
O
OH
OH
7
Sample
SPE
(GF/B)
Oasis HLB
STD
NH2 Cartridge
CH3CN/H2O (1:9),1ml
MeOH 0.5% NH4OH/MeOH
N2 Evap.
LC-MS/MS LC-MS/MS
Clean up
Clean-up with NH2
Change LC 50 mm 100 mm
: 500 ml / : 1000 ml
8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
E1 E2 E3 EE2 E1-3S E2-3S E3-3S E1-3G E2-3G E3-3G
C on
ce nt
ra tio
n (n
g/ L)
Influent Effluent
UK (n = 3)
� E1, E2 EE2
�
�
=Range
9
� EE2 � E1 � E1
n=29
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
E1 E2 E3 E1-3S E2-3S E3-3S E1-3G E2-3G
C on
ce nt
ra tio
n (n
g/ L)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
R em
ov al
e ffi
ci en
cy (
% )
Influent Effluent Removal
10
0
20
40
60
80
100
E1 E2 E3 EE2 E1-3S E2-3S E3-3S E1-3G E2-3G E3-3G
R em
ov al e ffi ci en
cy ( %
)
Removal efficiency
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
E1 E2 E3 EE2 E1-3S E2-3S E3-3S E1-3G E2-3G E3-3G
R em
ov al
e ffi
ci en
cy (%
) E2,EE2
E1
Ja p
an (
n =
9) U
K (
n =
3)
=Range
11
12
� E1 EE2 E2
� EE2
0
10
20
30
40
50
C on
ce nt
ra tio
n (n
g/ L)
Influent
Effluent
Downstream
E1 E2 E3 EE2 E1-3S E2-3S E3-3S E2-3&17GE3-3&17G
C o
n ce
nt ra
tio n
(n g
/L )
13
Benson Sandhurst
R. Thames Camberley
Parking
Sandhurst
14
E2 ?
PST Reactor FST
Qs
Qs Qs
PST Reactor FST
Qs
Qs
kQs
Qs
kQs
+
SRT
15
SRT=22 E1 E2
�� ..
N=6
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
E1 E2 E3 E1-3S E2-3S E3-3S
C on
ce nt
ra tio
n (n
g/ L)
0
20
40
60
80
100
R em
ov al
e ffi
ci en
cy (
% )
Secondary Effluent After Ozonation Removal
16
D7 D4
D5
D3
D2
D9
D8 D6
D1
U2
U1
K1
U9 U6
U7
U9 U10
K7
K9K8
K6 K5
K10
K4 K2
K3
U3 U4
U9
17
�E2 EE2 , E1 �E1 , �E1
(segment)
(segment)
STP
STP
STP
60
, , ,
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
F ro
m e
D ar
t
T or
rid ge
C uc
km er
e
G re
at S
to ur
A ru
n
S oa
r
T em
e
C ro
uc h
C am
W ea
r
T ee
s
E de
n
C al
de r
W yr
e
T af
f
T yw
i
E as
te rn
C le
dd au
C on
w y
M er
se y
Irw el
l
A ire
D on
B ly
th
E re
w as
h
T re
nt
Id le
Li ttl
e O
us e
W av
en ey
T ha
m es
M ed
w ay
A vo
n
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 75% 25%
19
EEQ (ng/L) E
st im
at ed
E E
Q E
2- eq
u iv
al en
t, n
g /L
ng/L
Risk Class
No risk
At risk
High risk
LF2000-WQX
(>1 ng/L EEQ)
(>10 ng/L EEQ) 20
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0 R
um oi
S ar
u
T ok
or o
Is hi
ka ri
A ka
Y on
es iro
K ita
ka m
i
T su
ru m
i
K uj
i
N ak
a
K ak
eh as
hi
K ur
ob e
A ra
S hi
na no
K ik
u
A be
S yo
un ai
K is
o
K ita
Y am
at o
Y ur
a
A sh
id a
A sa
hi
G ou
no
D ok
i
M on
ob e
N iy
od o
Y os
hi no
H om
m yo
K im
ot su
ki
O oi
ta
C hi
ku go
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
1ng/L
30.6 18.0
98Summer
98Autumn
99Spring
99Summer
99Autumn
99Winter
00Autumn
01Autumn
NA NA NA NA NA
NA:No available data
21
E st
ro g
en ic
A ct
iv it
ie s,
E 2-
eq u
iv al
en t,
n g
/L EEQ
(ng/L)
YES Assay w/ hER
22
• • k=0.067 /h
0
1
2
3
4
0 1 2 3 4
Estimated Concentration (ng/L)
M ea
su re
d C
on ce
nt ra
tio n
(n g/
L)
Theoretical line (x=y)
23
24
� SRT E1 , O3 .
25
SRT + O3
E1
25
• EE2 E2
• SRT
•
•
•
Summary
26
27
Acknowledgements
12th Annual Scientific Workshop UK-Japan Co-operation for Research on Endocrine Disrupters in the Aquatic Environment held at Otterburn Hall Northumberland National Park UK on 2- 4 November 2010
