Bay Area Technology Forum2008

City & County of San FranciscoGreen ICT Program

September 11, 2008

Welcome to San Francisco

San Francisco Climate Goals

9.19.7

9.2

7.3

6.8

5.5

1.8

Actual No Change Scenario

1990 2000 2005 2012 2017 2025 2050

2002 Climate Change Resolution Goal

Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Mil

lio

n T

on

s eC

O2

25% 50% 80%GHG Reduction Targets

2008 Targets

Green ICT Paradox

• ICT Contributes to GHG crisis - – According to Gartner, ICT accounts for

approximately 2% of global carbon dioxide emissions

– Roughly the same emission level as aviation

• ICT Potential to reduce GHGs greatly exceeds impact– Dematerialization of economy– More efficient buildings– More efficient transportation– More efficient services

Enables Dematerialization

• Substitute high carbon products and services with low carbon alternatives

• Already happening:– e-mail for paper– e-gov – telecommuting

• To reach full potential:– Big broadband– Symmetrical broadband

Big, Symmetrical Broadband

• Telecom incumbents still think of broadband as a way to deliver entertainment, not as a utility– Asymetrical– Closed

• To really substitute for physical presence, for work, education, medicine need two way video

• City fiber to the home run as a utility:– Symmetrical– Open access with multiple providers– San Francisco, Seattle, Portland all

researching

GWC

Urban Telemedicine• Providing fiber based

broadband connections to 11 community health centers

• Reduce need to travel to see specialist or medical translator

• Translation service currently shared with Alameda County’s Highland Hospital

Transportation• SFPark

– Information to drivers about parking opportunities

– Variable pricing

• Potential CHG Reductions:– Reduce unnecessary

driving searching for parking

– Discourage driving through pricing policies

• Still in pilot phase

GWC: EcoMap

• Engage Citizens by– Show resources, consumption– Facilitating planning for mitigation – Build on City’s Solar Map

Building Management

• Use digital controls

• Example: Dept of Technology headquarters undergoing retrofit of HVAC and lighting system – Replace pneumatic controls with direct

digital controls and other measures– Reduce energy consumption by

1,300,000 kWh/yr 3600/kWh day

Green ICT Defined

• By “Green” we mean a reduction in the -– energy consumed and green house gas

emissions– waste produced and materials used

• By “Information and communications technology (ICT)” we mean electronic - – devices that are linked to communications

networks – whose essential function is the creation,

manipulation, storage, movement or presentation of information in any human or machine readable form.

Green ICT Framework

• Vision – Connected Urban Development• Mission – Measure and reduce carbon

footprint by 24% by 2012

• Simple approach– Build a baseline– Implement projects that very clearly meet

targeted reductions– Measure and communicate results

Greening ICT in San Francisco

Oct 2007

Green ICT

project launched as part of

CUD initiative

Feb2008

Mayor’s Executive Directive “Initiatives

to Measure and Reduce

Environmental Impact of

Government ICT”

City Climate Change ordinance requires Departmental Action Plans

Apr2008

Greenhouse Gas

Emission Reduction Resolution

Feb2002

Precautionary PrincipleAdopted

Connected Urban Development Conference –Amsterdam

Sep2008

Mar2003

Jan2009

DepartmentalClimate Action PlansTo Be Completed

Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Ordinance

June2005

Build A Baseline

• Assess energy consumption

• Create initial baseline for City of environmental impact of ICT

• Determine what areas will have the most impact on action plans

ICT Electricity Consumption in Commercial Office Buildings

% B

uild

ing

Ele

ctric

ity U

se

CityHall

1 SouthVan Ness

U.S. DoECBECS Data

CA EnergyCommissionCEUS Data

U.S. Average

CaliforniaAverage

ICT=26%ICT=20%

14,264 Kwh/day

15,628 Kwh/day

ICT=28%

4,327Kwh/day

ICT=26%

3,699Kwh/day

Electricity Consumption – Main Data Center

Kw

h of

Ele

ctric

ity U

se

Existing Data Center

New Data Center, 2010

“Best Practice” -45% 2,384 Kwh/day

4,334 Kwh/day

“State-of-the-Art” -55% 1,950 Kwh/day

Implement Projects

• Implement policies

• Direct projects– Environmentally-preferable purchasing – ICT Use Program– ICT Disposal Program

• Indirect projects– Consolidation – Standardization– Simplification

Top 5 Green ICT Contributions

kWh

(mil

lio

ns)

2009 through 2011

DesktopEnergyEfficiency27.3

DuplexPrinting(1,360 Tons eCO2)

EnvironmentallyPreferablePurchasing1.5

GreenDTISDataCenter1.6

PrinterConsolidation2.8

Green ICT Benefits – Manufacturing

Summary of environmental benefits for purchase of 9,000 EPEAT Certified Desktop Computers

Source EPA – Electronic Environmental Benefits Calculator

Mass-based SavingsSUMMARY

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

Pri

ma

rym

atr

ls

GH

G e

mis

s

Air

em

iss

Wa

ter

em

iss

To

xics

MS

W

Ha

zW

kg

Green ICT Benefits - Manufacturing

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

kg

Purchasing (P) Use (U) EOL (E)

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

kg

Purchasing (P) Use (U) EOL (E)

Detail of environmental benefits for EPEAT PC’s

Water emissions reductions

Hazardous waste reductionsToxic Material Savings

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

kg

Purchasing (P) Use (U) EOL (E)

Green ICT Benefits – End of LifeCO2 Reduction per Annum from re-use of 18,000 desktop Personal Computers retired by the City

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Extend Life

kg e

Co2

Implementing Projects

• EPEAT Gold

• Strengthen, enforce and provide tools for power management policies

• Limit personal printers and phase out legacy printers

• New standard for PC life 4 years

• Design and build efficient data center

Pilot Projects

• Benefits of virtualization– Currently evaluating– Anticipated component of new data center

• Thin Client Computing– Examine existing limited deployments:

• Sheriff• Port

– Evaluate in the context of IT• Infrastructure necessary• Operational and security pros/cons

– Benefits relative to well managed PC environment

• Evaluation of Environmental Impact of IT Projects– Develop Triple Bottom Line Framework for IT Projects