Bay Area Primates
Transcript of Bay Area Primates
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Bay Area Primates
• Black and White Ruffed Lemur
• Ring Tailed Lemur• Red ruffed Lemur• Capuchin Monkey• Squirrel Monkey
• Black and white ruffed lemur
• Ring tailed lemur
• Red ruffed lemur
• Black Lemur
• Lion Tailed Macaque
• Squirrel Monkey
• Black Howler Monkey
• Colobus Monkey
• Emperor Tamarin
• Pied Tamarin
• Francois Langur
• Patas Monkey
• Siamang
• Chimpanzee
• Western Lowland Gorilla
• Ring tailed lemur
• Blue eyed lemur
• Cotton top tamarin
• Hamadryas Baboon
• Squirrel Monkey
• Vervet Monkey
• Siamang
• Chimpanzee
• White handed gibbon
Happy Hollow
Oakland Zoo
SF Zoo
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Questions from last class?
• What new grade of primate appears in the Miocene?
• What characteristics do these animals show?
• Where are they found?
• Are they related to any extant species?
• What are their diagnostic morphologies?
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Who are the apes?
• What characteristics and trends define the apes?
• When were apes most common
• How many genera of apes are found today?
• How are they classified?
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Ape Taxonomy
• Can you draw a tree of the living apes? Which are most closely related to which?
• What is the taxonomic problem with putting chimps in the Pongidae and humans in the Hominidae?
• What is a better classification?
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Apes
• Which apes are the lesser apes? What is their family designation? What are their characteristics?
• Which apes are the great apes? What is or are their family designation(s)? What are their characteristics?
• What are the 3 genera of living great ape? How are they related to each other? What differences do they show?
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Human
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HumansSuborder Haplorhini
Infraorder Catarrhini
Superfamily Hominoidea
Family Hominidae
Subfamily Homininae
Genus Homo
Species sapiens
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Homininae
• Homininae (subfamily)
• Start to see some hominine traits in the latest Miocene - clear in the Pliocene
• What makes a hominin?
• Bipedality and big brains
• Bipedality comes first
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Hominin Characteristics
• Cranial characteristics
• Forwardly placed foramen magnum
• Forwardly placed temporal origins
• Canines small and incisiform
• Mastoid process
• Parabolic dental arcade
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Cranial features
Foramen Magnum positionMastoid process
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Dental Characteristics
Parabolic dental arcade
and canine size Non-sectorial premolar
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Hominin Characteristics
• POST-CRANIAL
• Bipedal anatomy
• pelvic girdle
• lower limbs
• upper arm
• vertebral column
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Lower limb adaptations
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Thorax and Back
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Ambam
• http://www.youtube.com/user/KentAnimalPark#p/u/0/kva_HlMk498
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Why Bipedalism?
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Theories
• Carrying
• Hunting
• Upright Reaching
• Visual Surveillance
• Sexual display
• Long distance walking
• Male provisioning
• Thermoregulation
• Aquatic ape
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Carrying
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Upright reaching
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Visual surveillance
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Sexual Selection?
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Efficiency of long-distance walking
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Thermoregulation
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Aquatic ape
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