BHP Billiton PowerPoint Template & Style Guide

Battle the Heat!Heat Stress Prevention

1Slide 2Battle the HeatOBJECTIVESIdentify the causes and risk factors for heat stress.List the preventive measures for heat stress.Identify symptoms of heat stress and take appropriate first aid measures.2WHAT IS HEAT STRESSHeat stress is the name given to a number of illnesses caused when the body heats up and cannot cool down.These range from the more minor heat fatigue to the life threatening heat stroke.

Battle the Heat

HEAT GAINHeat generated within the body by muscle activity and other body functions.Direct radiation from the suns rays.Heat transfer from the air.High humidity which decreases the evaporation of sweat.Battle the Heat

HEAT LOSS IS ACHIEVED BYEvaporation of sweatRadiation of heat outwards from the body Transfer of heat from skin to air BreathingUrinationBattle the Heat

HEAT STRESS IS LIKE BOILING EGGS IN WATERBattle the Heat

WAYS TO COOL EGGS IN A POT OF BOILING WATER Remove from heat.Allow to Rest and water will cool.Add cool water.Place in a cool environment.

Battle the Heat

Battle the HeatBODY TEMPERATURE CONTROLAfter 1-2 hours:Core temperature risesHeated blood is pumped to the skins surfaceBody heat is transferred to the environment if coolerHeat needs to be releasedSweating occursSweat evaporates to coolBattle the Heat

BODY TEMPERATURE CONTROLThe longer the body sweats, the less blood to carry excess heat to skin or oxygen & nutrients to muscles due to heat overload of the body.After 3 hours, if dehydrated symptoms may be:

HeadachesHeat crampsNauseaMuscle tirednessLoss of strengthLoss of accuracy & dexterityReduced alertness

Battle the HeatRecognize the Symptoms of Heat InjuryHeat CrampsHeat ExhaustionHeat Stroke DescriptionPainful muscle spasms caused by loss of salt from excessive sweating.Advanced and serious stage of heat injury.Bodys temperature is increased and if not treated immediately may result in coma, brain damage or death.SymptomsMuscular pain and excessive sweatingTired, weaknessHeadacheGoosebumps, tingling skinIncreased heart rate and breathing, sweatingNauseaIncreased temperature (very warm to the touch)Mental impairment (agitation, confusion)Possible loss of consciousnessHeadache, nausea, vomiting, flu like symptomsRapid breathing, heart ratePossibly dry skinWhen In Doubt, Treat as a Heat InjuryCASE STUDYConcrete Truck Driver, mid 40s (IP) Late in his shift, temperature over 100 all day. Controls are malfunctioning, when team members are requesting stop, more concrete is being poured or visa versa. When the team assisted the IP to fix the problem they recognized the IP looked pale, was fatigued and sluggish. When questioned he complained of feeling tired. What was really going on?Battle the HeatBattle the HeatINDIVIDUAL RISK FACTORSAge (> 60 years old)Drug and alcohol useLow level of physical fitness Lack of acclimatization

Medical conditions (diabetes, cardiovascular) Dehydration

Some medications (High blood pressure)WORKPLACE RISK FACTORSHigh frequency, duration or intensity of physical activityRequirement for use of personal protective equipment and clothing (may increase humidity levels and prevent air flow across the skin)

Battle the Heat

CASE STUDY60 year old male (IP, Injured Person)IP was trimming grass on right of way at 10:45 am in July. Passes out. Works with son who takes him to emergency room. ER administers IV fluids and discharges man. Back at work next day.What were his risk factors?Battle the HeatCASE STUDY24 year old male (IP or Injured Person)Out the night before drank 2 beers, 5 hours of sleep. Arrives at 7:00 am, 4th day on shift. He mixes mud for drilling. Drinks an energy drink within the first hour at work followed by a 12 ounce bottle of water. He is sweating while lifting heavy bags of mud for mixing.Passes out at 11:00 am, taken to ER, administered IV fluids. Discharged. Back at work next day. What could be some risk factors?Battle the HeatWEAPONS-Urine ChartBattle the Heat

TO PREVENT DEHYDRATIONSTEP 1Ensure you begin hydrating 2 hours before your shift.

STEP 2Drink water until you're are no longer thirsty and then a little more.

STEP 3While working, drink water every 15-20 minutes, targeting one (1) quart per hour.(limit 12 quarts per day)Battle the Heat Battle the HeatPHYSICAL INDICATIONS OF DEHYDRATIONSkinLess Elastic; on pinch test, the skin regains its shape slowly.UrineReduced in Volume and Frequency; concentrated and darker.SweatHigher Sweat Rate; if sweat production suddenly stops, despite continued heat exposure, dehydration has reached a severe level.Physical Work CapacityReduced Endurance; accelerated onset of fatigue.Heart RateFaster Heart Rate; work seems increasingly more tiring and increases the heart rate rapidly.AppetiteSuppressed Appetite; food intake is reduced during water deprivation, and water intake reduced during starvation.Mental IndicatorsLess Alert; increased lethargy; difficulty in concentrating; confusion and irrational behavior.19CASE STUDYCompressor Station Worker mid 40s (IP)Stopped at convenient store in the morning on the way into work to buy an energy drink every morning. Filled cooler with ice and water at the shop before going to work site. Slowly increased to several energy drinks. One day passed out by noon. What happened? Battle the HeatWEAPONS-First AidBattle the Heat

CASE STUDY23 year old machine shop worker (IP)Day 1 Complained of flu like symptoms while working in non AC building moved to trailer with AC.Day 2 Refused MD visit from managerNausea and vomiting, IP said stomach flu Still working in AC trailer.Day 3 Working in AC trailer IP vomiting often early in shift, alert, bright. Manager took IP to clinic. Battle the HeatCASE STUDYClinic- IP alert, looked fine. MD took a blood sample. IP rushed to hospital in renal failure and placed on dialysis. Kidneys and IP saved.What are the key lessons?Battle the HeatBUDDY SYSTEMThe buddy system is a culture in which two people (the buddies) operate together as a single unit so that they are able to monitor and help each other. The main purpose of the system is improved safety. Each Buddy may prevent the other from becoming a casualty of Heat Stress.Battle the Heat Buddy-Up

BUDDY SYSTEMBuddies need to identify the causes and risk factors for heat stress.To be able to identify symptoms of heat stress and if appropriate first aid measures.Battle the Heat Buddy-Up

BUDDY SYSTEM SCREENINGHave you worked more than 7 days in a row in a hot workplace?Have you been treated for heat stress in the past? Have you eaten today? Have you checked your urine for hydration level?Did you sleep at least 5 hours in the past 24 hours?Is there anything that has changed in the past 24 hours that would affect your fitness to work today?Battle the Heat Buddy-Up

BUDDY SENSETry to do the most physically demanding jobs during the coolest part of the day.STOP the job if your buddy exhibit any signs or symptoms of heat injury.

Battle the Heat Buddy-Up WEAPONS-HEAT INDEXThe heat index can be used to help determine the risk of heat-related illness for outdoor workers, what actions are needed to protect workers, and when those actions are triggered. NOAA Heat Index chart, which was developed for the public. The NOAA bands have been modified for use at worksites:Battle the Heat

WEAPONS-Flag Conditions Red FlagBattle the HeatHeat IndexRisk LevelProtective Measures>115FVery High toExtremeReschedule non-essential activity Move essential work tasks to the coolest part of the work shift; Consider earlier start times, split shifts, or evening and night shifts. Strenuous work tasks and those requiring the use of heavy or non-breathable clothing or impermeable chemical protective clothing should not be conducted when the heat index is at or above 115F.If essential work must be done, in addition to the steps above:Alert workers of extreme heat hazardsEstablish water drinking schedule (about 4 cups/hour)**Develop and enforce protective work/rest schedulesConduct physiological monitoring (e.g., pulse, temp.,etc)Stop work if essential control methods are inadequate or unavailable.

CASE STUDYManager arrived at shop to find worker with coveralls cut off into shorts and short sleeves. When questioned worker stated Its over 100 degrees, its hot out there.Manager went to location and found ice and water but no shade. No vehicle idle policy was in effect.What should be done?

Battle the HeatWEAPONS-Heat Stress Management PlanPurpose:Identify Strategies Scope:Personnel working in high temperatures combined with high humidity.Content:Performance CriteriaAwareness and EducationPreparationPrevention ChecklistsImplementationTrainingBattle the Heat31ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIESManagerSupervisorEmployeeBuddy

Battle the Heat

Battle the HeatTRIED AND TRUEBuddy SystemAccountabilityOSHA ProgramTake their shoes off! Increase your countForced breaksPlan your dayShow up with cold fruit

Battle the HeatRemember once you have heat stress, You are susceptible for life.