Battery Management System - 101

By: Robin Sun - SUNS Green Technology Inc.

Copyright© 2016 SUNS Green Technology Inc.

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Agenda

● Battery Management System (BMS)● Battery Technology (High Energy)● Lead Acid Battery (LA)● Lithium-ion Battery (Li-ion)● Characteristics comparison● Charging/Discharging management● GEMS of SUNS Green Technology● Markets and Applications● Services● Q&A

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Battery Management System (BMS)

● Monitors State of Charge (SOC)● Monitors Depth of Discharge (DOD)● Monitors internal temperature● Monitor and Control O/U charging● Balancing battery banks● Prolonging battery life● Rejuvenate old batteries● Green technology driven

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Battery Technology (High Energy)

● Energy capacity of battery – Ah● Delivery of amps in an hour● 100Ah capacity = 100A in 1 hour

(LOAD of 50A will last 2 hours)● Watt = Volt x Amp

1200 Watt = 12 Volt x 100 Amp / hour● Applies to all batteries● All battery banks require cell balancing

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Battery Technology (High Energy)

Lead Acid (Deep cycle)– Flooded Lead Acid (FLA)- Sealed Lead Acid (SLA) 1. Gel cell 2. Absorbed Glass Mat (AGM)

Lithium Ion rechargeables- Lithium Colbalt Oxide (LiCoO2)- Lithium Manganese Oxide (LiMn2O4)- Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4)- and many more...

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Lead Acid (Deep Cycle FLA)

Flooded Lead Acid (FLA)- Inexpensive, most popular- Heavy, bulky- Short duty cycles (250 cycles)- Charge in well ventilated room only- Risk of acid spillage and burn- Minor risk of over-charged explosion- Battery losing charges after 50%- Battery consider dead at 11.5V

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Lead Acid (Deep Cycle SLA)

Sealed Lead Acid (SLA)- Cost more than FLA, less popular- Heavy, bulky- Duty cycles (500 cycles)- Charge in well ventilated area only- Safe from acid spillage and burn- Lower risk of over-charged explosion- Charge/Discharge Efficiency 50-70% - Battery consider dead at 11.5V

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Lithium Ion (Li-ion Prismatic)

● Higher cost, least popular● Light weight, compact (less space)● Duty cycles (rated 2000 life cycles)● Does not produce gas during charging● Does not spill (totally sealed)● Higher risk of over-charged explosion● Charge/Discharge Efficiency – 95-98%

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LiFePO4 (LFP) Battery

● 5th generation battery

● Totally sealed; no PRV

● Safest Li-ion chemistry

● Lower voltage 3.2Vper cell

● Easily configurable (6/12/24)

● 2000 – 8000 cycles with BMS

● Rated 20, last up to 30 years

● Use by SONY, BOSCH

● Use by E-Vehicles

● Use for energy storage

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Battery Characteristics

Lead Acid (AGM)● 250 to 1200 cycles

(20% to 50% DOD)

● Charge/Discharge efficiency(50% to 75%)

● Maintenance free

● Cost about the same as LFP

● Last up to 10 years with BMS

● Requires proper ventilation

● Larger Space requirement

● Heavier and larger than LFP

LiFePO4 (LFP)● 2000 – 8000 cycles

(70% to 100% DOD)

● Charge/Discharge efficiency(95% to 98%)

● Maintenance free

● With 2x capacity over SLA

● Last up to 30 years with BMS

● No ventilation required

● Less space required than SLA

● Light weight and smaller in size

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Charging/Discharging Management

MONITOR● Over/Under Voltage

● Charge/Discharge OC

● Discharge Short Circuit

● Cells Voltages

● Charge/Discharge

● End of Charge

● Internal Over Temp.

CONTROL● OV/UV Lock out

● C/D Over Current

● Over charging <95%

● Cells Balancing

● Rate of C/D

● Shutdown procedures

● Over Temp. shutdown

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Battery Charging Technologies

● PWM – Pulse Width ModulationFor smaller systems, old technology, least expensive, no monitoring, no integrated battery bank balancing

● MPPT – Max. Power Point TrackingTypically for PV arrays, better technology, higher cost, for Lead Acid batteries only

● BMS – Battery Management SystemSmart Green technology, monitor and control critical set points, active battery balancing Li-ion batteries, extends battery life, greener energy solution

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GEMS of SUNS Green Technology

GEMS (Green Energy Management Systems)

● Diamond* – Industrial scale battery Network

● Ruby* – Commercial battery banks

● Sapphire* – Residential battery banks

● Emerald – Motive battery charger

● Jade – Portable chargers (small devices)

*Integrated inverter version are available

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Markets and Applications

U/G Mining Battery powered Equipment

IndustrialForklifts TrolleysChargers

Mobile

Golf cartsScootersRV/Boats

E-Vehicles

E-Car/BikeE-TrampSegway

Green Energy

Off-GridGrid-tiedHybrid

Medical

Back upEmergency

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Services

● Green Tech Turnkey solution providerU/G mining operators, PV integrators, equipment suppliers

● Globe master distributor (SUNS GT)for Zones, Regions, Areas, Locals

● Battery diagnostic and recoveryPartnership with recycling depots, retailers

● Resources for DIY enthusiast● Battery education and training

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Q & A

Thank you for your time

Please call (306)202-8586 for● Battery Introductory training● Battery Management System Training● Green Energy Management training

Email: info@sunsautomation.com